阅读理解(策略二)：猜测词义题

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,猜测词义题,阅读理解（策略二）：,熟悉构词法与语境法，,解决阅读理解词义猜测,Teaching aim:,To improve the students reading ability.,Teaching difficult point:,How to improve the students ability of,Guessing new world,s,meaning while,reading.,Teaching aid:,Multimedia,Step One:,Warming-up and Leadingin.,I.Discussion,Have a free talk with students about,how to,guessnew,worlds meaning,while reading.,II,Small exercises and summaries.,Teaching procedures:,一,.,根据,读,示例,选择语义元素与前面单词相同的答案。,示例：,important,A.abroad B.customs,C.heavy D.significant,1.divorce,A.maths,B.police,C.separate D.share,2.mess,A.church,B.many,C.network D.untidy,3.prayer,A.carpenter,B.dog,C.musician D.religion,4.shower,A.joke B.performance,C.pretend D.rain,5.weep,A.bird B.cry,C.cloth D.grass,6.adolescent,A.smell B.smooth,C.teenager D.unfaithful,2.,阅读下列文段，关注和解析划线单词的构词法，并将段中与之呼应的单词或短语抄写下来。,The company failed to gain profits,and had bad operation because of his,mismanagement,.,All of us suggest replacing him with,Someone else who can deal with our,company better.,（,NMET2010,北京）,【,解词,】,_,【,呼应语,】,_,mismanagement=,mis,（否定前缀）,+manage,（管理）,+,ment,（名词后缀）,.,意为“管理不善”,failed to gain profits(,没能盈利,),had bad operation(,运转不周,),deal with our company better(,更好地管理公司）,Step Two,：,Exemplifying in Skills,（例证与技能）,A.,构词法与语境法,1,）派生法（,Derivation,）,派生法就是借助前缀或后缀派生出新词的构词方,法。后缀往往起改变词性的作用，派生出的新词主,要有名词、形容词、动词三种；前缀主要起改变词,义的作用，包括各种否定前缀、时间前缀等。,1.,构词法,【,例,1,】,通过分析派生词，猜测划线单词的,意思。,Napoleon,，,as a character in Tolstoys,War and Peace,is more than once,described as having“fat little hands”.,Nor does he“sit well or firmly on the,horse”.He is said to be“,undersized,”,with“short legs”and a“round,stomach”.,(NMET2008,广东,),词义,：,_,身材矮小的,2),合成法（,Compounding,）,合成法是指由两个或两个以上单词合成一,个新词。通常情况下，合成词的词义为组成,词的词义之和。,【,例,2,】,通过分析合成词，猜测划线单词的,意思。,He never wore,ready-made,clothes.,词义：,_,现成的，做好的,3),转化法（,Conversion,）,转化法是指单词的词性的改变来使单词具有新的,意义和作用。而这种单词叫转化词。,【,例,3,】,通过分析转换词，猜测划线单词的意思。,Great cultural led to more open,communication and democratic,process that encourages everyone,to have a,say,.(NMET 2008,广东,),词义：,_,发言权,1,）,.,利用释义词（句）、举例或同位语,表示释义或举例词语的信息词有,_,_,等，,符号则有,e.g.(,举例,),、,i.e.,（也就是）。,【,例,1,】,通过释义或举例词语，猜测划线单词,的意思。,In fact,，,only about 80,ocelots,an endangered wild cat,exist in the,u.s,.,today,(NMET,2005,浙江,),词义：,_,2.,语境法,for example,，,for instance,，,such as,，,in other words,，,that is to say,，,namely,野猫,2,）利用对比、类比或转这词,表示对比、类比或转折的常见信息词有：,_,_,_,等，,有时也用破折号或冒号等符号。,but,，,yet,，,however,，,while,，,on the other hand,，,on the contrary,，,despite,，,in spite of,，,instead,The underlined word“descendants”means,a persons,_,.,A.later,generations,B.friends and relatives,C.colleagues partners,D.later,sponsors,【,例,2,】,some family names were made by,adding something to the fathers name.,English-speaking people added s or son.,The,Johsons,are,descendants,of John;the,Roberts familys ancestor was Robert.Irish,and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O.,perhaps all of the,MacDonnells,and the,McDonnells,and the,ODonnells,are descend-,angts,of the,sanmeDonnell,.(NMET 2010,江苏,),3),利用因果关系,表示因果关系的信息词有,_.,【,例,3,】,When some kind of pain killer,was brought out recently,researchers,found that,the,colours,turned the,customers off,because they made the,product look weak and ineffective.,Eventually,it come on the market in a,dark blue and white package-blue,because we think of it as safe,and,white as calm.,(NMET 2004,广东,),because,，,as,，,since,，,for,，,thus,，,so,，,therefore,The underlined part“the,colours,turned the customers off”means that the,colours,.,A.attracted,the customers strongly,B.had,weak effects on the customers,C.tricked,the customers into shopping,D.caused,the customers to lose interest,4),利用上下文,猜测词义题在考查熟词新义以及代词指代内容时往往需要综合考虑上下文，有时也需要结合常识和背景知识。,The underlined,phrase,“,turn,his bake on,”,most probably means,A leave for B return to C give up D rely on,【,例,4,】,when I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well-paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small newspaper.At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal mental state.How could anyone,turn his back on,Fleet Street in central London for a small local area?I wanted to know.,(NMET 2006,广东,),1.,完成下列练习，并说出所用的构词法。,【,练习,1,】,Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content,it is called a,glycoprotein.,(NMET,2008,辽宁,),What does“,glyco,-”in the underlined word“glycoprotein”mean?,A.sugar B.ice C.blood D.molecule,B.,技能训练,【,练习,2,】,Recycling in the home is very important of course.However,being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need.We are dealing with the results of,that over-consumption,in the greenest way possible,，,but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.,（,NMET2010,山东）,What does the underlined phrase“that over-consumption”refer to?,Using too much packaging.,B.Recycling too man wastes.,C.Making more products th