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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第十二讲介词与介词短语,专题一语法知识,1,栏目索引,考点语境词义辨析,解题方法,强化练(十二),方法1汉语对照法,方法2固定短语法,方法3利用置入法解决介词短语的相关题目,2,1.Determining where we are _ our surroundings remains an essential,skill for our survival.(2017,江苏，32),A.in contrast to B.in defense of,C.in face of D.in relation to,考点语境词义辨析,解析,句意为：通过对比我们周围的环境来确定我们的位置是我们生存的一项重要技能。结合句意可知，这里用in relation to,“,相对某事物而言,”,。in contrast to与,相比；in defense of保卫，为,辩护；in face of面对。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,3,2.We offer an excellent education to our students._,，we expect students to work hard.(2017天津，13),A.On average B.At best,C.In return D.After all,解析,句意为：我们向学生提供优质的教育，同时也希望学生努力学习。in return作为报酬，作为回报，符合语境。on average平均来看；at best充其量，至多；after all毕竟，终究。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,4,3.The dictionary is _,：many words have been added to the language since it was published.(2016天津，2),A.out of control B.out of date,C.out of sight D.out of reach,解析,考查,“,out of,名词,”,型介词短语辨析。句意为：这部词典过时了：自从它出版以来，这门语言已增添了许多单词。out of date过时，符合语境。out of control失控；out of sight看不见；out of reach够不着。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,5,4.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _ animals both on land and sea,？(2015浙江，3),A.about B.to,C.with D.over,解析,考查固定搭配。句意为：你听说过是海陆两栖动物栖息地的树吗？be home to为固定搭配，意为,“,是,的栖息地，是,的家园,”,。,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,6,解析,句意为：大多数人工作因为这是无法避免的，相比之下，也有一些人确实喜欢工作。根据语境可知，此处表示前后对比。by contrast相比之下，符合语境。as a result结果；in addition另外，此外；in conclusion总之。,5.Most people work because it,s unavoidable._,，there are some people who actually enjoy work.(2015浙江，10),A.As a result B.In addition,C.By contrast D.In conclusion,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7,解析,句意为：如果没有托马斯爱迪生的话，我们现在所受益的许多东西是不会出现的。thanks to幸亏，由于；regardless of不管，不顾；aside from除了，除,以外；but for要不是，如果没有的话。由句意知选D项。,6.Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around _ Thomas Edison.(2015,江苏，34),A.thanks to B.regardless of,C.aside from D.but for,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,解析,考查,“,in,名词,”,型短语意义辨析。句意为：这个会议室是,“,无烟区,”,。我想提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，你将会被罚款。根据题干中that引导的宾语从句可知，说话者是在,“,提前,”,告诉对方这一事实，所以选择in advance。in detail详细地；in total总共；in general一般来说。,7.This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn you _ that if you smoked here you would be fined.(2015,湖北，30),A.in advance B.in detail,C.in total D.in general,答案,解析,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,考点归纳,1.,几组常见的介词短语,(1)out of名词,out of question毫无疑问；out of the question不可能；out of order次序颠倒；out of sight看不见；out of place不合适；out of pity出于同情；out of curiosity出于好奇,10,(2)in,名词,in power,掌权；in good condition状态良好；in despair绝望地；in public/secret公,开地/,秘密地；in tears哭泣；in good/bad repair,保养得好/,不好；in charge负责，掌管；in a hurry 匆忙 in anger生气；in trouble有困难,(3)in,名词介词,in case of以防万一；in honor of为了纪念,；in favor of支持；in memory of为了纪念,；in charge of负责；in terms of从,角度；in need of需要；in praise of表扬；in view of鉴于；in return for作为对,的回报；in response to对,的答复或反应,11,(4)under,名词,under control受控；under attack遭到攻击；under way在进行中；under discussion在讨论；under consideration在讨论/考虑中,(5)at,名词,at work在工作；at play在玩耍；at dinner在吃饭；at ease轻松，自由自在；at war 在打仗,12,(6)on,名词,on fire着火；on purpose故意地；on duty值日；on the phone在打电话；on leave在休假；on holiday在度假；on a walk在散步；on the rise/fall,上升/,下降；on sale出售；on show/exhibition展出；on business 出,差；,on,one,s way to,在去,的路上；,on a visit/trip/tour,出行,(7)to one,s,情感名词,to one,s surprise,令某人惊讶的是；to one,s joy,使某人高兴的是；to one,s disappointment,令某人失望的是；to one,s delight,使某人高兴的是,13,2.,注意下列短语中介词的用法,for nothing不花钱，免费,come across the room穿过房间,feel like doing sth.想要做某事,get paid by the week按周获得报酬,be particular about.对,苛求、挑剔,with satisfaction满意地,be second to none不输于任何人；不比任何东西差,on one,s own,独自地,14,in great quantity,大量地，大批量,in great demand需求量很大,take a turn for the better正朝更好的方向发展,keep an eye on照看，照料,with the help of在,的帮助下,under the leadership of在,的领导下,the article in the newspaper报纸上的文章,a bird in the tree树上的鸟,apples on the tree树上的苹果,15,tickets for the concert,音乐会的票,in the direction of朝着,的方向,from the direction of从,的方向,set an example to sb.给某人树立榜样,16,3.,下列短语中to 为介词,belong to属于,date back to追溯到,look forward to盼望；期望,be addicted to沉溺于,be accustomed to习惯于,be/get used to doing.习惯于做,be devoted to.,致力于,stick to,坚持,17,方法1汉语对照法,在高考试题中，考查的介词有一大部分是表示方位、范围的，这就涉及到一些表示方位的介词，这时可以根据其汉语意思来解答此类试题。,解题方法,18,典例1,When you drive through the Redwood Forests in California，you will be _ trees that are over 1,000 years old.(2017天津，12),A.among B.against,C.behind D.below,解析,句意为：当你驾车穿过加利福尼亚的红杉林时，你会置身在那些树龄超过1 000年的树木之间。among在,当中，为,所围绕，符合语境。against以,为背景，衬托；behind在,后面；below在,下面。,答案,解析,19,典例2,Don,t you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?,A.across B.over,C.above D.through,解析,句意为：难道你不觉得这件衬衣肩部太紧了？across the shoulder从肩的一边到另一边。over，above指在上方；through指从事物的内部穿过。,答案,解析,20,典例3,Sean has formed the habit of jogging _ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day.,A.between B.along,C.below D.with,解析,句意为：Sean已经养成了每天沿林荫大道慢跑两个小时的习惯。between在两者之间；along沿着；below在,下方；with与,在一起，用，随着。,答案,解析,21,方法2固定短语法,关于介词的固定搭配，在解答试题时，要注意从句子中找出中心词汇，也就是这个词和选项中的词能够构成一个固定搭配，符合句子意思，这样问题就会很快被解决。,22,典例1,Many people who live along the coast make a living _ fishing,industry.(2017北京，35),A.at B.in,C.on D.by,解析,句意为：很多住在海边的人们靠渔业为生。,“,在,行业,”,用介词in。此题容易忽视fishing后的名词industr
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