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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Anne Bradstreet,Anne Bradstreet (ca. 1612 September 16, 1672) was the first American female writer as well as the first American female poet to have her works published.,Bradstreet was born as Anne Dudley in Northampton, England. She was the daughter of Thomas Dudley and Dorothy Dudley, Earl of Lincoln, and she grew up in cultured circumstances. At the age of sixteen she married Simon Bradstreet. Both Annes father and Annes husband were later to serve as governors of the Massachusetts Bay Company. Anne and Simon, along with Annes parents, immigrated to America aboard the Arbela during the “Great Migration”,（,大移民,）,in 1630,Anne Bradstreet and the New World:,Anne Bradstreet and her husband moved around quite a bit, living in Salem, Boston, Cambridge, and Ipswich before settling in 1645 or 1646 in North Andover on a farm. Beginning in 1633, Anne bore eight children. As she noted in a later poem, half were girls, half boys:,I had eight birds hatched in one nest,Four Cocks there were, and Hens the rest.,Anne Bradstreet, along with her husband and her father, and such others as John Winthrop and John Cotton, were in the Arbella, the lead ship of eleven that set off in April and landed in Salem Harbor in June of 1630.,The new immigrants including Anne Bradstreet found conditions much worse than theyd expected. Anne and her family had been relatively comfortable in England; now, life was harsher. Yet, as a later poem of Bradstreets makes clear, they submitted to Gods will.,她,是,美国最早写出真正有价值的英文诗歌的一位女诗人。,她的宗教组诗,沉思集,(Contemplations),受到,20,世纪文学批评界的重视，被认为是一部不朽之作。,父亲汤玛斯,.,达德利是清教徒林肯伯爵的总管家。她在有文化教养的环境中长大。,16,岁时，她同伯爵的另一被保护人赛门,.,布莱德斯特律,(Simon Bradstreet),结婚，在养育,8,个孩子和料理家务的同时仍从事写作。,她的姐夫未经她的同意，就将她的诗带到英国，以,第十位缪斯新近在美洲出现,(The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America, 1650),为题发表，这使她感到意外。美洲第一版的,第十位缪斯,经修订及扩增後出版，书名改为,一些风格各异、充满智慧的诗歌,(Several Poems Compiled with Great Variety of Wit and Learning),。,其中大部分诗都是冗长的模仿性作品，只有最後两首,凡人的虚荣,(Of the vanity of all worldly creatures),和,大卫对扫罗和约拿单的哀悼,(Davids Lamentation for,Sauland,Jonathan),独具风格，意境纯真。,Anne Bradstreet; Puritan Wife & Mother,她後来的一些诗歌是为她的家庭而写，表现了她全心接受清教徒教义以後在精神上的成长过程。这些诗，如,灵与肉,(The Flesh and the Spirit),，因为没有说教而受人喜爱。她也写过一些动人的和更富有个人色彩的诗，其中,献给我亲爱的丈夫,(,To My Dear and Loving Husband,),、,人世正凋萎，万物有终极,(All things within this fading world hath end),描写她在生孩子之前的思想；,心痛手颤写诗句,(With troubled heart and trembling hand I write),写一个孙儿之死。这里着重介绍,To My Dear and Loving Husband,这首诗。,This is a love poem wrote by Anne Bradstreet. She,dictated ,dikteit,口述,by her emotion which was such great love for her husband, that she wished their love will be honored even after their death, and said “ If ever two were one, then surely we, if ever man were loved by wife, then thee:” Usually in the earlier writers,majority,多数,of the poems, describing the love, were wrote by,masculine,男性,. So the existing of Anne was became,extraordinarily,格外的,occasion time that a woman,proving ,pru:vi,证明,the love to her husband.,To My Dear and Loving Husband /,致我亲爱挚爱的老公,If ever two were one,，,then surely we. /,如果有两个人合二为一，一定是我和你,If ever man were loved by wife, then thee; /,如果有人有一个爱他的妻，那一定是你,If ever wife was happy in a man,，,/,如果有一个妻子认为丈夫是自己的幸福,Compare with me,，,ye women,，,if you can. /,世间的女人，你们有谁敢和我来比？,I prize thy love more than whole mines of gold /,我珍视你的爱，胜过座座金矿,Or all the riches that East doth hold. /,或者所有的财富，来自那,(,神话般的,),东方,My love is such that rivers cannot quench,，,/,我的爱如熊熊大火，河流也难以浇灭,Nor ought but love from thee,，,give recompense. /,也只有你的爱，才能予以补偿,Thy love is such I can no way repay, /,你的爱，我难以报答,The heavens reward thee manifold,，,I pray. /,惟愿天公赐福于你，千重万重,Then while we live,，,in love lets so persevere /,只要一息尚存，让我们的爱矢志不渝,That when we live no more,，,we may live ever. /,这样，当我们生命到尽头，我们会,永生在爱里,白话文版：,美国女诗人,Anne Bradstreet,送给其丈夫的这首情诗，题目为,献给我亲爱的丈夫,(To My Dear and Loving Husband),，在电影,恋恋巴黎,恋恋巴黎里面，姐姐萝茜妮在书友会上朗读的诗就是这首。,水乳之融今何如，,君妾对影义自明。,为妻怜者乃君身，,与夫成悦当妾情。,三万金石难为动，,九州至宝未倾心。,闺情灼灼绝江波，,情由卿启恰妾意。,醇浓蜜恋无所报，,中国风版：,Features of this poem,I,To my dear and loving husband,has several standard poetic features.,1.,One is the two line,rhyme scheme,（,押运格式）,.,2.,The second,is the popular,iambic,pentameter,. 抑扬格五音部,3.,Another is the,anaphora,nfr,首语重复法,the repetition of a phrase at the beginning of a,successive,（连续的）,lines. Here we can notice them in the first three lines.,I,ambic,aimbik,pentameter,抑扬格五音步,抑扬格,:,如果一个,音步,中有两个音节，前者为轻，后者为重，则这种音步叫抑扬格音步，其专业术语是（,iamb, iambic.,）。轻读是“抑”，重读是“扬”，一轻一重，故称抑扬格。,音步,(Foot),：英诗中重读与非重读音节的特殊性组合叫作音步。一个音步的音节数量可能为两个或三个音节，但不能少于两个或多于三个音节，而且其中只有一个必须重读。,根据一首英诗组成的音步数量，每一,诗行,一个音步称“单音步”,(monometer),；每一诗行有两个音步的，称“双音步”,(,dimeter,),；含有三个音步的，称“三音步”,(,trimeter,),；此外还有四音步,(tetrameter,）、五音步、,(pentameter),、六音步,(hexameter),、七音步,(heptameter),、八音步,(,octameter,),。,Anaphora,首语重复法,If ever,two were one，then surely we.,If ever,man were loved by wife, then thee;,If ever,wife was happy in a man，,Function,:英语首语反复既是一种修辞方法,也是语篇中的一种衔接手段.使用得当,它能够产生,均衡结构、突出重点、加强语气和增加节奏感与韵律美等积极修辞效果,同时具有促成语篇的层次性、连贯性和整体性的功能,.,Features of this poem,Features of this poem,metaphor1（暗喻）,Metaphysical poetry,（,玄学派诗歌,）,is noted for its,playfulness戏谑,with,extended延伸性,and sometimes,exaggerated,izdreitid,metaphors,metf,. The poem exhibits this feature.,E.g.,1,I prize thy love more than whole mines of gold,Or all the riches that East doth hold.,This exaggerated metaphor compare,their emotion to their love,To,The emotion to the ownership,（,所有权）,of a whole mines of gold and the riches in East,(The emotion to the physical wealth),Features of this poem,metaphor,2,E.g. My love is such that rivers cannot quench,Compare,Her love,To,the fire, which cannot be put out by rivers,Function:,These two metaphors show that Bradstreet dictated by her emotion which was such great love for her husband.,Simplicity of diction,朴素的用词,This poem is not only admired for its,vivid,imagery,（生动的比喻）,but also,for its,simplicity,directness,率直,of language, and,unadorned,n,d:nd,不加装饰的,affection,. Her deliberate simplicity and refusal to decorate the love to her husband produced a kind of,pure,纯粹的,and,profound,意义深远,的,poetry. It made the poem,lyrical,抒情,.,The influence of Puritanism,清教主义的影响,American puritanism was one of the most,enduring,忍耐,shaping influences in American thought and American literature.,1.,paradox,I驳论,:,e.g.,If ever two were one，then surely we.,How can two become one?,(Genesis 2:24) a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wif,e, and they shall become one flesh.,(Matthew 19:6)so they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate.,因此，人要离开父母与妻子连合，二人成为一体。（创世纪2：24）,既然如此，夫妻不再是两个人，乃是一体的了。所以神所配合的，人不可分开。（马太福音19:6）,Two individuals become one unit through a marriage that based on mutual love and respect.,paradox,II,:,e.g.That when we live no more，we may live ever.,而当远离尘世，我们会步入永生。,（John 3:16）,For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.,神爱世人，甚至将他的独生子赐给他们，叫一切信他的，不至灭亡，反得永生。 约翰福音三章 16 节,It,determine,s,the value of love when the person are alive, then if they are passed away.,The influence of Puritanism,The influence of Puritanism,2.,My love is such that rivers cannot,quench,“,我对你的爱，江河也没法浇熄,（Song of Solomon 8:7）Many,waters,cannot,quench,熄灭,love, neither can the,floods,drown it: if a man would give all the,substance,of his house for love, it would utterly be contemned.,爱情众水不能熄灭，大水也不能淹没。若有人拿家中所有的财宝要换爱情，就全被藐视。(雅歌书8：7),The influence of Puritanism,3.,I prize thy love more than whole mines of,gold,Or all the riches that,East,doth,hold,.,我珍视你的爱，胜过座座金矿 或者所有的财富，来自那,(,神话般的,),东方,(Genesis 2:8)And the LORD God planted a garden,eastward,in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed2:10 And a river went out of Eden to water the garden; and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads. 11The name of the first is Pison: that is it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is,gold,; 12 And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone.,耶和华神在东方的伊甸立了一个园子，把所造的人安置在那里,。2:10,有河从伊甸流出来，滋润那园子，从那里分为四道,。11,第一道名叫比逊，就是环绕哈腓拉全地的。在那里有金子，12,并且那地的金子是,最,好的,。,在那里又有珍珠和红玛瑙,（,创世纪2：8）,The end,
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