natural disaster自然灾害

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Natural disaster,From group three,Fire, Water ., and Snow,Sea Wall,Troubled Water,In a Jam,Lower Manhattan,Laid Low,Calm After the Storm,Beach, Before Landfall,A tsunami is a series of water waves.,It is caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, such as an ocean.,This is a picture about the tsunami in Japan.,As we knew, a tsunami happened in Japan because of the earthquake. As a result, it caused a series of problems. It was in Japan that a large number of people lost their life. And many buildings were destroyed. It was the natural disaster that people could not hold back.,Tsunami,An unusual,phenomenon(,现象,) about the tsunami in Japan!,Mariners who escaped the onslaught of the tsunami soon had to contend with another peril - the appearance of vast whirlpools off the coast of Japan.,刚刚逃过滚滚而来的巨大海啸浪涛的船员还来不及喘息，就又将面对另一处险象环生的挑战,在日本近海岸线上出现的巨大漩涡。,The powerful vortices appeared yesterday morning when the oceans, swollen by the vast surge of water, began to recede. The powerful vortices appeared yesterday morning when the oceans, swollen by the vast surge of water, began to recede.,在广大淹水地区出现“退水”的情况下，出现威力强劲的大漩涡。,As the water levels fell, whirlpools hundreds of yards wide appeared, sucking everything into the themselves and creating new danger for passing boats.,随着水位的下降，漩涡的范围扩张到几十码的区域，它毫不留情滴将周围的所有一切都吸入其内，这又给过往的船只造成了新的危险。,Whirlpools are created by rising and falling water - and are a common feature of tsunamis. But they are rarely as spectacular - or as well photographed.,漩涡是由于水涨水退的变化而引起的，是海啸所常常伴随的现象，但拍摄到如此大规模的海啸，的确实属少见,.,Originally, the interior of the earth is filled with hot magma. Under tremendous pressure, the hot magma will break through the earths crust and spouts out, causing the volcano.,原来，地球内部充满了热的岩浆。在巨大的压力下，滚烫的岩浆会冲破地壳，喷出，造成火山。,The creation of volcanic eruption,The effects of volcanoes,Harm,1.Cause great bad impact on the global climate,2. Ash and rain mixed form mudslides,（泥石流）,3. Ash can cause respiratory diseases,（呼吸道疾病）,Benefits,1. Many of the volcanic materials have important industrial and chemical uses.,2. Volcanic ash that has been weathered (,风化,)greatly improves soil fertility.,3.The amazing scenery,The effects of volcanoes,Salt and minerals,after the eruption of a volcano,Ash as fertilizer,（肥料）,Mount Fuji in Japan,Most importantly,:,How to protect yourself in the volcano eruption?,The only way:,Go while the going is good!,(,三十六计，走为上策,),Floods are among the most frequent and costly natural disasters.,洪水是最常见的、代价最高的自然灾害之一。,Conditions that cause floods include heavy or steady rain for several hours or days that saturates the ground.,浸透土地的持续几小时或几天的大量降水是导致洪水的主要原因。,Flash floods occur suddenly due to rapidly rising water along a stream or lowlying area.,山洪突然出现是由于迅速上涨的水沿着小溪或低洼地区奔流而下。,How does a typhoon happen?,When lots of sea water gets hot in the summer sun, it evaporates（蒸发）into the air.This makes the air hotter. When the air gets warm enough,it starts to move higher up into the sky. Then,cooler air around it rushes in.It fills the space that is left. After the air gets warmer, it starts to move quickly,making wind. The wind goes in circles, and it keeps moving higher in the sky. The warmer the air gets, the quicker the wind moves. And when the wind moves faster than 30 meters a second, a typhoon begins.,A typhoon has two parts, one is called the eye. In the eye, the wind does not move so fast. The other part,i,s the wall of clouds around the eye. This is where the strongest wind and hardest rains are.,Typhoons are very dangerous. In 2004, Typhoon Yunna killed 164 people in Zhejiang, and 24 people were missing. In May 2006, Typhoon Pearl hit Guangdong and Fujian, and thousands of houses were damaged.,What to do when a typhoon hits:,Stay inside, close all the windows and stay away from them.,Try to bring all of your things inside. Strong winds could even blow away your bikes!,Listen to the radio or TV for important information.,If youre told to go to a safer place, do so right away.,An earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden breaking and shifting of large sections of earth,s rocky outer shell.,Earthquakes are among the most powerful events on earth, and their results can be terrifying.,Earthquakes can trigger landslides that cause great damage and loss of life.,Large earthquakes beneath the ocean can create a series of huge, destructive waves called tsunamis (pronounced tsoo NAH meez,) that flood coasts for many miles.,地震是震动地面由突然打破和转移地球的岩石外壳的大部分造成。地震是在最强有力的事件之中在地球上,并且他们的结果可能是恐怖的。地震可能触发导致巨大损伤和丧生的山崩。大地震在海洋之下可能创造一系列的巨大,破坏性的波浪叫做海啸,那种波浪沿海许多英里。,Earthquake,1) The weather will become worse than usual. There will be strong wind, heavy rain and bright light in the sky and so on.,2) Animals will become nervous. e.g. mice will run about; fish jump out of ponds; cows, pigs, horses and dogs will be upset.,3) Water in rivers and wells will rises and falls.,4) We will see cracks in the wells and the smelly gas will come out of the cracks.,What may happen before an earthquake？,It is important for us to know how to prevent ourselves from being hurtin the,earthquake. The most effective way is to depend on ourselves. We canget everything ready before it happens. We must keepenough food and drinking water with us.,When ithappens, keep calm and dont runabout. Follow the correct orders. Only in this way, can we get the most chance to survive in the earthquake.,对于我们来说知道如何在地震中免遭伤害是很重要的。最有效的方法是靠自己。我们可以在地震前把一切准备好。我们必须随身保持足够的食物和饮用水。当地震发生时 要保持镇静,不要乱跑。遵循正确的命令。只有用这种方法,我们才能得到最大的生存机会。,A drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency,（不足）,in its water supply.,Generally, this occurs when a region receives consistently below average precipitation,（降水）,.,Drought,Three types of the drought,Meteorological drought,气象干旱,Agricultural drought,农业干旱,Hydrological drought,水文干旱,So far, the impact of the drought to the natural reserve is not large, but its potential impact is threatening future generations of wild animals and plants.,到目前为止，干旱对自然保护区的影响并不大，但其潜在的影响正威胁着未来一代野生动植物的发展。,The earth is our only home-planet. It is urgent for us to stop damaging it, and to do our best to protect it and make it a lovely place suitable to live in, for we have nowhere to go and survive except where we are now.,