四级听力2012-1

大学英语四级-听力篇(1)主讲人：高业艳一、四级考试听力计分规则一、四级考试听力计分规则二、听力复习技巧二、听力复习技巧三、四级听力词汇以及常用表达三、四级听力词汇以及常用表达四、四级听力对话题型归类和应试策略四、四级听力对话题型归类和应试策略五、复合式听写五、复合式听写六、短文听力六、短文听力七、听力解惑七、听力解惑一、四级考试听力计分规则n四级考试听力各部分测试内容、题型和所占分值比例如表所示：试卷构成试卷构成测试内容测试内容测试题型测试题型比例比例听力理解听力对话短对话多项选择35%长对话多项选择听力短文短文理解多项选择复合式听写nSectionA短对话:n特点：n8个n对话人：一男一女n注意：关键词，场景n记忆：场景高频词汇，习惯表达nSectionA长对话:n特点：n2个，7题n内容：校园，面试，公司企划某一个主题详细探讨等n对话人：一男一女n重点：答语n注意：一个内容一道题，题文同序n应对：1.第一个观点，或第一个分句2.练习中级口译，雅思等听力中的相似题型nSectionB短文听力：n题材：生活，社会，政治，文化，历史，艺术n特点：题型变化多，复杂句多n注意：1.开头和结尾2.时间，数字，地点3.原因，转折句4.标志词：how,next,thefirstthingis,finally,tostartwith,however,onthecontrary,themostimportant,wemaysagelydrawtheconclusionthat,thatistosay,because,represent,etc.nSectionC复合式听写:n特点：n8个单词，三个句子n主要为对实词的考察n题材：1998年故事类型的记叙文2001年关于健康的说明文2003年关于捕捞业的说明文2004年美国国会图书馆的说明文2005年关于照相机的说明文n应对：1.培养良好的听音习惯2.培养和锻炼逻辑思维能力3.处理好听与写的关系n总结n1.略读选项n2.注意选项中有没有特殊形式n3.遇生词不猜n4.听清主题句，做记录二、听力复习技巧二、听力复习技巧n1.注意辨别近音，以及语音，语调n同音异义词nroad,rowed,rodenflew-flunthrew-throughnbrake-breaknsite-sightnsale-sailnflower-flournpassed-pastnweather-whethernfor-fournforth-fourthndying-dyeingn四大语音现象n1、连读nthinkitoverlookateachothercheckitoverwentinsidesellitn2、失去爆破弱化爆破nbadtastewantedtostartedtodecidedtonextdoor/nextstorenPostcardmidnightn3、爆破音连读nsevensleeplesssleepersseeksleepnabigblackbugbeatabigblackbearmaketheblackbearbleedbloodn4、缩略音nyoullyouveyoudn语调以及含义n陈述句，升调n陈述句，降调n感叹句，升调n感叹句，降调n2.要做必要记录n1：利用速记符号n2：记录主要信息n包括中心思想、主要人物、主要情节，有关的地点、时间、数字(要准确)等1.符号速记examplesn1.Tomcamehomeat2:00,buthiswifehadalreadyleftbeforethen.nTomcamehome2,wifegoneb/fthen.n2.Approximately3,000membersattendedtheteachersmeetinglastJune.n3,000membs,wenttotchrmtglast6n3.Thequestionwas,whenwassheelectedmayor?Theanswerwas,Sometimeafter2003.nQ:whenelectedmayor?A:after2003.n4.Togettothepostoffice,turnrightatthestoplightandthenwalkthreeblocks.Youllseeitontheleft-handside.nPostofficeturnrtstoplight,walk3blcks.P.O.onlftside.n5.TheEnglishlanguagehasmorewordsthananyotherlanguage.nEngl,lang,wrdsotherlangs.n6.Secondhandtobaccosmokeisveryharmful-especiallyforchildren.n2ND-handsmoke=veryharmful-esp,kids.1.boxswidthheight.Thewidthoftheboxisgreaterthantheheight.2.carswght2t!Theweightofthecarexceededtwotons!3.#ofimmigrantstoUSsince1997ThenumberofimmigrantsintotheU.S.hasbeendecreasingsince1997.4.ReadallChpt8!testTues!YouneedtoreadallofChapter8becausetherewillbeatestonTuesday2.记录主要信息nWritethemostimportantwordsinasentence.nThewordsthatarenotimportantareusuallyinthesecategories:nPronouns:our,my,their,.nPrepositions:in,on,at,.nHelpingverbs:be,have,donConjunctions:and,but,so,.nDeterminers:a,the,this,.nReadthesesentencesfromalectureontrendsinspending.Writedownonlythewordsthathavethemostmeaninginthelecture.n1.Inthepast,theelectronicsmarketconsistedmostlyofmen.n_past electronics consisted men_n2.Almostathirdofthenewandmoreinnovativeelectronicsarebeingsoldtowomen.n_1/3 new innovative electronics sold to women_n3.Businesseshaveonlyrecentlynoticedthechangeintheircustomerbaseandarebeginningtocreatenewstrategiestotrytoappealtowomen.n_businesses(recently)noticed change customer base create new strategies appeal women_练习Listening Comprehension23.A)Atrainingcoach.B)Atradingadviser.C)Aprofessionalmanager.D)Afinancialtrader.24.A)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.B)Heconsiderscookingcreative.C)Hecanenjoyhealthierfood.D)Hethinkstake-awayistasteless.Demo25.A)Itissomethinginevitable.B)Itisfrustratingsometimes.C)Ittakespatiencetomanage.D)ItcanbeagoodthingKeys:DBDCET-4(2009.12）n3.快速浏览选项na)题目所涉及到的主要人物，地点等，如是场景类考题，应迅速联想起与该场景有关的词汇，全神贯注地倾听相关信息。nb)大胆地进行猜想，事先得到一个印象，再与听力材料结合，就会迅速找出答案。n选项：A)Thedoctorisbusytomorrow.B)Thedoctorwontseehertomorrow.C)Thedoctorisbusyalldaytoday.D)Thedoctorwillseehertoday.nW:Whencanthedoctorseeme?M:Hewontbefreeuntiltomorrow.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?n4.掌握因果逻辑n首先要掌握一些体现原因的词，如because，as，dueto，onaccountof，inthat，sothat，suchthat，nowthat，thanksto，owingto，resultin，giveriseto，等等。熟悉这些词或词组的表达法很重要。n5.重视条件从句n原文：nM:IfIgotothestore,willyoumakedinnerforustonight?W:Bringbackenoughfood.Q:Whatwillthewomandoifthemanshops?n选项：A)Thewomanwillcook.B)Hewontbuyenough.C)Hellgetinabadmood.D)Hewillmakedinner.n答案：A)。n原文：W:Didyouseefilmlastnight?M:IwouldnthavegonetoseeitifIdknownitwasboring.nQ:Wherewasthemanlastnight?n选项：A)Inabar.B)Inacinema.C)Atalecture.D)Unreasonable.n答案：B)。n条件句中以if引导居多nifpossible，ifany，ifnot，ifso，ifnecessary，ifneeded等，听省略形式的条件句，主要应该抓住主句的基本内容，因为条件句不易听错，只要抓住了主句的基本内容，就能正确做题。此外，表示条件的连词，除了if外，还有aslongas，solongas，suppose，supposing，letssay，provided,onconditionthat,without,with，incaseof，intheeventof，without,butfor,intheabsenceof,under,butthat等。n一、一、介词或介词短语在真实条件句中的运用介词或介词短语在真实条件句中的运用：with,incaseof,intheeventof等通常用在真实条件句中，要用陈述语气。n1.withnWithalittleassistance,Alexanderwillsucceed.n(with=ifheisgiven，表示真实条件，本句用的是陈述语气。)n2.incaseof万一nIncaseoffire,pleasedialthisnumber.n(incaseoffire=ifafirebreaksout，表示真实条件，本句用的是陈述语气。)n3.intheeventof如果发生，万一nIntheeventofbadweather,weshall/willhavetocancelthepicnic.n(intheeventofbadweather=iftheweatherturnsoutbad,表示真实条件，本句用的是陈述语气。)n二、介词或介词短语在非真实条件句中的运用二、介词或介词短语在非真实条件句中的运用：without,butfor,intheabsenceof,under,butthat等通常用在非真实条件句中，要用虚拟语气。n1.withoutnIwouldhavefailedintheexaminationwithoutyourhelp.n(without=ifithadnotbeenfor，表示同过去相反的非真实条件句，本句用的是虚拟语气。)n2.butfor要不是nButforyourtimelyrescue,theboywouldhavedrowned.n(butfor=ifithadnotbeenfor,表示同过去相反的非真实条件句，本句用的是虚拟语气。)n3.intheabsenceof缺乏时，当不在时nIntheabsenceofthekeeper,thewarehousewouldhavebeenburneddown.n(intheabsenceofthekeeper=ifthekeeperhadbeenabsent,表示同过去相反的非真实条件句，本句用的是虚拟语气。)n4.undernWemighthavedonebetterinourresearchundermorefavorableconditions.n(under=ifwehadworkedunder,表示同过去相反的非真实条件句，本句用的是虚拟语气。)n4.undernWemighthavedonebetterinourresearchundermorefavorableconditions.n(under=ifwehadworkedunder,表示同过去相反的非真实条件句，本句用的是虚拟语气。)真实与非真实条件句n1.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.nIfhe_meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.nA.shouldtellB.tellsnC.toldD.hadtoldn2.Ifwe_theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.nA.takeB.hadtakennC.tookD.havetakenn3.Ifhe_myadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.nA.followedB.shouldfollownC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollown4.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy_.nA.wouldhavebeensavednB.hadbeensavednC.willbesavednD.wassavedn5._forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.nA.IfitisnotB.WereitnotnC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenotn6.Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.nYes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmynvegetables_.nA.wouldntdieB.didntdienC.hadntdiedD.wouldnthavediedn6.判断比较句式判断比较句式nA.比较级与比较结构nB.三种比较结构n（一）原级n（二）比较级n（三）最高级原级nasas结构,具体在句子中，就有两种应用形式：nAisas+adjasB或者：或者：AdoBas+adv+asC(do).n变化形式MaryisastallasBetty.nIdroveascarefullyasTomdid.n1）否定式：Aisnotas/so+adj+asB；或；或AdonotdoBso/as+adv+asC(do).nMaryisnotsotallasBetty.nIdidnotdriveascarefullyasTomdid.n2)as+many/much+名词名词+asnThereareasmanystudentsinourclassasintheirclass.nWehaveasmuchsnowthisyearaslastyear.n3)Aisas+adj+a/an+名词名词+asBnMaryisnotasbeautifulagirlasBetty.nIjustwanttoreadasinterestingabookasthatone.n4)Aisa/an+名词名词+as+adj+asB.n实际上这是将上面第3）种的名词提前，这样as+adj+asB就变成了后置定语。nMaryisnotagirlasbeautifulasBetty.nIjustwanttoreadabookasinterestingasthatone.n5）Aisas+adj(1)asAis+adj(2).n注意：（1）这是as.as结构比较特殊的用法，是指将同一事物就其两个不同的方面进行比较,所以结构中的两个形容词是不同的。nMaryisasbeautifulassheisclever.n=Maryisbeautiful,andsheisclevertoo.n=Maryisbothbeautifulandclever.n=Maryisnotonlybeautifulbutalsoclever.nThisbookisnotasinterstingasitisinstructive.n=Thisbookisinstructive,butitisnotinteresting.n（2）否定形式中的一种特例：Aisnotsomucha/anBas(Ais)aC.n翻译是：与其说A是B,不如说他是C.nHekilledmanyinnocentpeople.Sohewasnotsomuchaheroasakiller.n他杀了许多无辜百姓。所以与其说他是英雄，不如说他是杀人犯。nn6)带有修饰语的as.as.结构。nAis almost/exactly/nearly/just/quite/not/not half/half/twice/three times+as+adjasBnAdoBalmost/exactly/nearly/just/quite/not/not half/half/twice/three timesas+adv+asCnIamjusthalfastallasYaoMing.nYaoMingistwiceastallasme.nIdonteathalfasmuchashedoes.nHedoesntworkhalfashardasme.nIworktwiceashardashe.比较级n比较级：morethan结构，具体在句子中，就有两种应用形式：nAiserthanB(Aismore+adj原级+thanB)，或者：nAdoBerthanC(AdoBmore+adv原级+thanC.).nMaryistallerthanBetty.nMaryismorebeautifulthanBetty.nMarystudiesharderthanBetty.nIdrovemorecarefullythanTomdid.n下面我们来看该结构的各种变形：n否定形式nAisnoterthanB(Aisnotmore+adj原级原级+thanB)或者：或者：nAdontdoBerthanC(AdontdoBmore+adv原级原级+thanC.).nMaryisnotmorebeautifulthanBetty.nMarydoesnotstudyharderthanBetty.n注意：这里可以用lessthan来表示morethan的反义，但lessthan听听起来不自然起来不自然，用asas或morethan更加普通。如：nMaryislessbeautifulthanBetty.n=MaryisnotasbeautifulasBetty.n=BettyismorebeautifulthanMary.nmore/less/fewer+名词名词+thannTherearemorestudentsinourclassthanintheirclass.nHemakesmoremoneyinamonththanIdoinayear.n再将上面两句话换种方式说：nThereareless(=fewer)studentsintheirclassthaninours.nImakelessmoneyinayearthanhedoesinamonth.n3)Ais+a/aner/more+adj原级原级+名词名词+thanB.nMaryisamorebeautifulgirlthanBetty.nTomshouseisalargerhousethanmyhouse.n=Tomhasalargerhousethanmine.n4)Ais+a/an+名词名词+er/more+adj原级原级+thanB.n该结构就是在上面第3）种的基础上将名词提前，这样er/more+adj原级+thanB就变成了后置定语。如：nMaryisagirlmorebeautifulthanBetty.nTomshouseisahouselargerthanmine.n=Tomhasahouselargerthanmine.n5）Aismore+adj(1)+(a/an+名词名词)+than+adj(2).n注意：这是more.than结构用来将同一事物就其两个不同的方面进行比较,所以结构中的两个形容词是不同的。翻译成：与其说A（2），不如说它（1）。如：nMaryismorebeautifulthanclever.n与其说玛丽聪明，不如说她漂亮。n=Maryislesscleverthanbeautiful.nMaryismoreabeautifulgirlthanaclevergirl.n=Maryislessaclevergirlthanabeautifulgirl.n6）带有修饰语的morethan结构nAis+alittle,abit,alot,even,far,many,much,rather,slightly,twice,threetimes+erthanB(Ais+以上副词修饰语+more+adj原级+thanB)或者：nAdoB+以上副词修饰语+erthanC(AdoB+副词修饰语+more+adv原级+thanC.)nMaryisevenmorebeautifulthanBetty.nTherearemanymorestudentsinourclassthanintheirs.nIhavemuchmoremoneythanhehas.nHemakestwicemoremoneythanme.nOurChineseteamhadwonthreetimesmoregoldenmedalsthantheirteamhad.最高级n最高级：themost结构，具体在句子中，就有两种应用形式：nAistheest+比较范围.(Aisthemost+adj原级+比较范围)或者：nAdoBtheest+比较范围.(AdoBthemost+adj原级+比较范围)nMaryisthemostbeautifulinourclass.nMaryworks(the)hardiestinourclass.n下面我们来看一下变形的形式：n1）Aistheest+名词名词+比较范围比较范围.(Aisthemost+adj+名词原级名词原级+比较比较范围范围)n其实就是在adj之后接了名词。nMaryisthemostbeautifulgirlinourclass.n2)themost/fewest/least+名词名词n这是表示最多/最少的什么东西。nWhichcountryintheworldproducesthemostwine?nHarrymadethefewestmistakesinhisclass.nTomdranktheleastwineamonglastnight.n3）最高级themost有时可以用比较级morethan来表示：nTomisthetallestboyinhisclass.n=Tomistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.n4）最高级themost有时前面可以用副词byfar来修饰，表示到目前为止，某事物是最怎么样的。nGoldisbyfarthemostvaluablemetalintheworld.比较结构的其他用法n根据上述第二大点我们知道，比较结构一般是用来比较事物的；但有时候比较结构不是表示对比，而有其它特殊的用法和形式。我们来看看有哪些。nmorethan固定连用，表示的意义如下：na)Aismorethan+形容词：非常，很形容词：非常，很nb)Aismorethan+名词：名词：不仅仅不仅仅nc)Aismorethan+句子：句子：表否定含义，可以翻译成表否定含义，可以翻译成“超出，难以超出，难以”等等。等等。na)Iwasmorethanhappytohearyourgoodnews.n=Iwasveryhappytohearyourgoodnews.nb)Heismorethanateachertome.n=Heisnotonlyateachertome.(Andheismygoodfriend,too.)nc)ThebeautyofMaryismorethanIcandescribe.n=MaryissobeautifulthatIcannotdescribeher.n2)Aisno+adj比较级比较级+thanB.或者或者AdoBno+adv比较级比较级+thanC.n注意：此时的意思并不是说：A事物不如B事物怎么样。或者：A做B事不如C怎么样。而是表示两者都不怎么样两者都不怎么样。如：nMaryisnomorebeautifulthanBetty.n玛丽和贝蒂都不漂亮。n=MaryisasuglyasBetty.nTomworksnoharderthanJohn.n汤姆和约翰学习都不努力。n=TomisaslazyasJohn.n3)Aisno+adj比较级比较级+a/an+名词名词+thanB.n实际上就在上面第2）结构中adj之后加了名词词组而已,还是表示否定两者nMaryisnomoreabeautifulgirlthanBetty.n=MaryisasuglyagirlasBetty.nMaryisnomoreawriterthanapainter.nAwhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis.nnomorethan固定连用，相当于副词，表示仅仅、最多只有。（=only，atmost）nnolessthan固定连用，相当于副词，表示至少。(=atleast)nTherearenomorethan30studentsinourclass.nTherearenolessthan60studentsintheirclass.nthemore,themore:越。，就越。nThemore(adj的比较级)Ais,themore(adj的比较级)A/Bis.或者：nThemore(adv的比较级)AdoB,themore(adv的比较级)A/CdoD.nThebettertheweatheris,thehappierIam.nTheolderhegot,themoremodesthebecame.nTheearlieryousetoff,theearlieryouarrive.nThelesssheworried,thebettersheworked.n再看一下上面结构的省略形式nThemore,thebetter.nThesooner,thebetter.n两个比较级的词用and连接，表示越来越。nerander;moreandmore+adj/adv原级原级nTomistalllerandtaller.nMaryismoreandmorebeautiful.nTheydrovemoreandmorecarefully.nThecarwasrunningmoreandmoreslowly.n原文：W:IthinkIllwearmyreddresstothepartytonight.M:Cantyouwearyourblueone?Ilikeitmuchbetter.Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewomansreddress?n选项：A)Hehatesit.B)Helikesitbetterthanthebluedress.C)Hedoesntknowwhichdressshemeans.D)Hedoesntlikeitaswellastheblueone.nKey:D三、四级听力词汇以及常用表达n1.1.真题听力小词真题听力小词n2.2.场景词汇场景词汇n3.3.英语四级听力英语四级听力4040条常考习语条常考习语n4.4.英语四级听力高频习语英语四级听力高频习语6060个详解个详解n5.5.词汇突破四步走词汇突破四步走真题听力小词真题听力小词n下面是历年大学英语四级真题中出现的听力小词总结下面是历年大学英语四级真题中出现的听力小词总结大家再把考过的小词加强一下大家再把考过的小词加强一下,看看你都认识吗，很多看看你都认识吗，很多都是反复出现的都是反复出现的n听力小词：听力小词：n2003.1ncrossedpuzzle(一种填字游戏一种填字游戏)nbeduenheisduebacksoon.n按预定计划他会很快回来。按预定计划他会很快回来。nshewasdueforarise.n她该加薪了。她该加薪了。nItseasiersaidthandone.nn2003.6nmakeareservationndropbynOnherwayback,shedroppedbyherbrothershouse.n在回家途中她顺便到弟弟家看看。在回家途中她顺便到弟弟家看看。nbargainnLuckgoesagainstme.noptionalcoursenn2003.9nHoldupintraffic(这个词组在四六级中考过至少这个词组在四六级中考过至少3次次)nbeoutofprint(联系联系outoffilm,outofink,outofgas)nfigureoutngivesbaridenaclasspermitnregistrationnbymistake(联系联系bychance)nn2004.1nmakeanappointmentnincrediblenstayupthewholenightnn2004.6nranintonhearfromninperson(personally)nhighbloodpressurenteacherscertificatenremindofngetthrough(度过，读完，度过，读完，通过通过)thenoveln2005.1ndropmyinformationscienceclass（放课，还有另外常考意思（放课，还有另外常考意思把谁放下）把谁放下）nthewantads（招聘广告）（招聘广告）nsparecopy（备用的，（备用的，sparekey备用钥匙）备用钥匙）nweatherforecastn2005.6nthesecurityofficengreatesthit畅销，主打畅销，主打nthecinemaisalittleoutoftheway(remote)nfillouttherequestformnnothingbut(联系联系anythingbut)n2006.1nnon-stoptrainngraduateschoolnbebeyondsb（想不出来，做不出来）（想不出来，做不出来）nsparerooms（空房间）（空房间）nrecruitgraduatesnn2006.6nphysician（内科医生，联系（内科医生，联系surgeon）nseminarnHelenisjustopposite.（相反）（相反）n2006.6nmakeamessnfreezingtodeathndessertnruinoneshealthnsection（部门，区域）（部门，区域）nsavethetrip（不用来了）（不用来了）nn2006.12nbearoundthecorner（即将来临）（即将来临）nwatchonesweightnIwishIcould.（表示否定，联系（表示否定，联系ifonly）ninadvance（beforehand）ncrashintonn2007.6nbreakthroughnwastepaperbasketnrecommendnturnout（结果是）（结果是）nblock(街区，阻碍街区，阻碍)nn2007.12nruninto（偶遇，撞上）（偶遇，撞上）nbeoverworkednconfusesbnoccurto（想到）（想到）场景词汇n1.学习选课场景nOptionalcourse选修课，nRequiredcourse必修课，nDaycourse白天的课，nEveningcourse晚上的课n科目或专业：nmathematic数学，nhistory历史，nchemistry化学，nLiterature文学，nFinalexam期终考试，nmiddleexam期中考试，nmakeup补考，ntest测验，nquiz小测验，noraltest口试ndrawingnear考试临近,n考试延期或取消delay/beoff/holdup/postpone/putoff/npublicschool公立学校，nprivateschool私立学校，nreligiousschool教会学校n学校中的人：president校长，ndean院长，professor教授，lecturer讲师ncoordinator管理员，doctor博士，nmaster硕士，bachelor学士，nfreshman大一新生，sophomore大二学生，njunior大三学生，senior大四学生nhavealecture上课，cutaclass逃课，nmissaclass错过了课，nscholarship荣誉奖学金，assistantship助教奖学金nteachingassistant助教，researchassistant助研n2.图书馆场景n借书lend/borrow/checkout，n参考书referencebook，续借renew，n过期overdue，n还书return，罚金fine，书库stack，n图书管理员librariann期刊阅览室periodicalroom，参考阅览室referenceroom，n现刊currentissue，过刊backissuen检索Index，主题subject，作者author，n已借出onloan/incirculationn3.交通运输场景nfare车票，license驾照，nrushhours高峰时间，trafficjam交通堵塞novertake超车，onewaystreet单行道，noverspeed超速nticket罚单expressway高速公路npoliceofficer交警n交通工具（出现频率从高到低）plane/train/bus/bike/walk/taxintunnel/channel隧道,ringroad环线,subway（美）/underground（英）地铁nmetro地道，overhead轻轨，flyover人行天桥nUsedcar旧车，afford买的起，Givesbaride搭车nTaxi/cab出租车，breakdown抛锚，flattire暴胎nrushhour高峰期，trafficjam堵车，caraccident事故nfix/repair修理，garage修车场，damage损害ndead报废，survive活下来，minorinjury轻伤n4.电话场景nmobilephone手机，payphone公用电话，telephonebox/booth电话亭nyellowpage黄页，extension分机，dial/press（拨/按电话号码）noperator总机，putthrough接通，wrongnumber记错号码nholdon不要挂断，take/leaveamessage留言，hangup/getoff挂断nansweringmachine自动答录机，collectcall对方付费电话long-distancecall长途电话noverseascall越洋电话，mobile/cellphone手机givesbacall/ring给某人打电话nthelineisbusy/engaged占线n5.机场场景nplane飞机，book订票，timetable时间表，destination目的地nsafelanding安全着陆，board登机，takeoff起飞，departure离港nsafety/sectbelt安全带，land着陆，arrival进港，pickup接机nsecuritycheck安检，seeoff送行，keepintouch保持联系nonewayticket单程票，roundtripticket来回票，non-stop/directflight直航ntransfer/layover/stopover转机，first/business/economycabin头等/商务/经济舱nconfirmtheflight确认航班，checkin登记，boardingcard登机牌n6.打工场景njobvacancy有空缺职位，letterofapplication求职信，resume简历nresume包括：basic/personalinfo.基本信息/个人资料，academicbackground教育背景nworkexperience工作经验，certificates证书ninterview面试，offer聘用信，workovertime加班，askforaraise加钱nwage周薪，salary日薪，bonus奖金，allowance津贴nannualincome年收入，promotion升职，fire解雇，工作职位post/positionresignwork/job/career/course辞职，vacation休假，annualleave年假nsickleave病假，rest休息，break指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息ncoffeebreakaway离开一会n7.租房场景nliveoncampus住校，liveoffcampus住校外，apartment公寓，dorm宿舍nforsale可销售的房子，forrent/lease可出租的房子，accommodation住宿nrent租金，utilities水电费，location位置，suburb/downtown市郊/市中心ncondition住房条件，furnished配家具，unfurnished无装修，leaking漏水nblackout断电，environment环境，transportation交通，landlord房东ntenant房客，roommate室友，好的室友要求：neat整洁的considerate体贴的，n不好的室友：messy脏乱的，noisy吵闹的n同学相处高频词汇：activeandsociable积极的，乐于交际的，talkative能说会道的，njusttheopposite恰恰相反，havealotonhermind有很多共同点nhasaverybadtemper脾气坏，inabadmood心情不好，ngetalongwellwith相处很好，compatible能相容的nhititoff一开始就相处很好，keepittooneself闷在心里n8.医院场景nseeadoctor去医院看医生，healthcenter/clinic卫生所/门诊部nphysician内科医生，surgeon外科医生，dentist牙医，medicalresult诊断结果nmakeanappointment预约，emergency急诊，checkup/exam检查，ncold感冒，flu流感，headache头痛，sorethroat嗓子痛，fever发烧ntoothache牙疼，stomachache胃疼，prescribe开药方，抓药filltheprescriptionnpill/tablet药片，injection/shot注射，operation手术，ntaketwoofthesepillsthreetimesaday一日三次，一次两片n9.宾馆场景nmakeareservation预订房间，confirmareservation确认预订，cancelareservation取消预订fullybooked/fullup/full客满,porter行旅员，reception前台，checkin登记入住ncheckout退房，singleroom单人房，doubleroom一张大床的双人房ntwinroom两张单人床的双人房，suite套房，bathroom卫生间ntoilet/restroom厕所，roomservice客房服务，tips小费nlounge男士用休息区，lobby大堂，businesscenter商务中心nsalon美容厅，ball舞厅，bar酒吧n10.邮局场景npost/send寄,letter/mail信,registeredmail挂号信，regularmail平信，stamp邮票,airmail航空信，parcel/package包裹，telegram/cable电报，rate费率，postage邮资,overweight超重，email电子邮件，reply回复，forward转发,cc（carboncopy），抄送bcc（blindcarboncopy），subject主题，attach附件n11购物场景：nStore/departmentstore商店，nsupermarket超市，nShoppingcenter/shoppingmall购物中心,nshopassistant售货员ndiscount/off打折，outofstock卖完了，nBargain便宜货，nstyle/size/color款式、大小、颜色，nlarge/medium/small大号中号小号nExchange调换，naclearancesale清仓处理n12天气场景：nClimate气候，weatherforecast天气预报，sunny晴天，clearup变晴nmoderate/Mild/agreeable温和的，cloudy阴天，shower/downpour阵雨/大雨nThunder/lightening打雷/闪电，windy/strongwind多风的/强风，Snowstorm暴风雪nfoggy/dense/heavyfog雾天/浓雾，warmup转暖，wet,damp潮湿，humid潮湿ngetworse天气恶化，unusual不同寻常的天气，heavysnow大雪n13，饮食场景：nFastfood快餐，friedfood油炸食品，applepie苹果派，Pizza比萨nappetizer开胃菜，vegetablesalad蔬菜沙拉，Soup汤，dessert甜点nicecream冰淇淋，Pudding布丁，seasoning调料，dish菜ndelicious/tasty/terrific好吃，horrible/awful/disgusting难吃，Waiter/waitress服务生nmenu菜单，chef厨师，Order点菜，book/makeareservation预定ntip小费，Fork/spoon/knife餐具，restaurant饭馆，cafeteria自助餐厅nSchooldininghall学生食堂，eatout下馆子，full/done吃饱了nSnackbar快餐小吃店，LetsgoDutch/go50-50/splitthebillAA制nbeondiet节食，todaysspecial今日特餐，specialty招牌菜nFrenchfires炸薯条，bacon熏肉，friedegg煎蛋nbutter奶油，beverages饮料，orangejuice橘子汁nsoftdrink汽水，mineralwater矿泉水coffee咖啡nice-cream冰淇淋，coffeepot咖啡壶，papertowel纸巾ntablecloth桌布，teaset茶具，dish碟nplate盘，chopsticks筷子，soupspoon汤匙nknife餐刀，toothpick牙签，curryrice咖喱饭nfriedrice炒饭，watermelon西瓜，pear梨子npeach桃子，cherry樱桃，apple苹果ngrape葡萄，salt盐，sugar糖nsweet甜，bitter苦，dinner正餐nbreakfast早餐，lunch午餐，brunch早午餐nsteak牛排，welldone全熟，medium五分熟nrare三分熟，beer啤酒，brandy白兰地nwhisky威士忌meat肉，beef牛肉nchicken鸡肉，mutton羊肉，bread面包nnoodles面条，vegetable蔬菜，sandwich三明治ntoast土司，hamburger汉堡，cake蛋糕n14旅游场景：nmountains山，deserts沙漠，tropicalrainforests热带雨林,nhistoricalinterest旅游胜地,beaches沙滩,coastalareas沿海地区,nriver河流,lake湖泊,publictransport公共交通,nbooktheroom(makeareservation)订房间,beaches海滩ncreditcard信用卡(Visa维萨卡,MasterCard万事达,AmericanExpress美国运通)nhotsprings温泉,waterfalls瀑布,castle城堡nswimming,diving潜水，跳水,surfing冲浪,n15服装种类：nclothing衣服总称，costume传统服装；戏服，suit一套男（女）服ntie领带，jacket茄克衫，T-shirt短袖圆领汗衫（运动衫）npants(trousers)裤子；长裤，jeans牛仔裤，uniform制服nunderwear(undergarment)内衣，stockings长统袜，downjacket羽绒服nsweater毛衣，gloves手套，scarf围巾nsandals凉鞋，slippers拖鞋，boots皮靴nsneakers=gymshoes运动鞋，runningshoes跑步鞋sewing缝纫nformal=spiffy正式的，casual休闲的navyblue海军蓝的nlarge大号的，medium中号的，small小号的ntight紧的，loose=baggy宽松的，wool羊毛：毛线ncotton棉制，harshchemicals刺激性化学物质，striped带条纹的英语四级听力英语四级听力4040条常考习语条常考习语 n1)takearaincheck改日改天n2)lostcount弄不清楚3)beinanotherworld精神恍惚；魂不守舍4)makeyourselfathome随意，随便5)saveyourbreath省口气吧；别白费口舌了6)makesense有意义，理解7)costsb.anarmandaleg非常昂贵8)burnaholeinonespocket很快地被花光9)fil