重音停顿节奏语调课件

为为什么我的英什么我的英语语不自然？不自然？“I got every sound exact and correct,but still,it doesnt sound right.”If that is the problem,then this lecture might hopefully be a solution.精品主要内容主要内容l一、语句重音l二、停顿、意群、气群l三、英语中的节奏l四、英语语调精品一、一、语语句重音句重音l语句重音指的是人们在朗读连贯的语句时，哪些词要重读哪些词不要重读的规则。l一般规则重读不重读l注意注意精品一般一般规则规则（一）：哪些（一）：哪些词词重重读读l在连贯的语句中通常需要重读的词有：1.名词、2.形容词、3.数词、4.实义动词、5.副词、6.某些代词（指示代词等）、7.疑问词、8.叹词。l这条规则可以总结为：实词实词重重读读精品1.名名词词 nounlAn elephant is an animal.lIm a teacher.精品2.形容形容词词 adjectivelShes beautiful.lHer skirt is blue and white.精品3.数数词词 numerallI have two brothers.lJohn is nine.精品4.实义动词实义动词 notional verblShe sings well.lMary loves her dolls.精品5.副副词词 adverblHe speaks English slowly and carefully.精品6.某些代某些代词词（指示代（指示代词词等）等）pronounl1.指示代词 this,that,these,thoselThat boy over there is my cousin.l2.反身代词 myself,yourself,themselves.lHe himself hurt his own foot.精品l3.不定代词 some,every,all,both,none,other,many,few,somebody,something.lEverybody was late.lSome are red;some are blue.精品7.疑疑问词问词l1.疑问代词 what,which,who,whom,whoselWhat would you like to eat？l2.疑问副词 when,where,howlWhen did you get there?精品8.叹词叹词（interjection）lOh,its snowing.lMy,what a downpour!lHey,thats a nice shot!lDear me!精品一般一般规则规则（二）：哪些（二）：哪些词词不重不重读读l在连贯的语句中通常不重读的词有：l1.冠词、2.代词（人称、物主、关系代词）、3.非实义动词、4.连词、5.介词。精品1.冠冠词词lThis is a computer.lThe computer is my sisters.精品2.代代词词（人称、物主、关系代（人称、物主、关系代词词）lI am a teacher.lThey are my friends.lMy mother often helps me.lThe book that he is reading is mine.lDo you remember the girl whom we met at the party?精品3.非非实义动词实义动词lJohn is studying Chinese.lThe meeting will be cancelled.lHe may not go to Shanghai tomorrow.lI used to go there.精品4.连词连词land,or,for,but,as,than,if,when,while,since,now(that),as if,as though,etc.lI wont do it,for I dont think its right.lWill you stay home or stay with me?lHe works much harder than you.lHe came to see me but didnt stay long.精品5.介介词词lat,by,for,from,of,in,to,into,etc.lI met him at the airport.lHes from Hong Kong.精品注意注意l和单词重音不同，语句重音并不是一成不变的语音现象。根据说话时的不同心态、不同的着重点、不同的强调内容、不同的语气等可以使原来在句中应重读的词失去重音，而原来不重读的词却又成了重读的词。精品lA:I thought you were a student.lB:I am a student.l.and that government of the people,by the people,for the people,shall not perish from the earth.精品二、停二、停顿顿、意群、气群、意群、气群l为了使意思表达得更清楚，或者为了换气的需要，人们在说话或朗读的时候，经常需要停顿（pausing）。l形式上，形式上，标点符号提示停顿，而且提示停顿的长短。逗号、分号、冒号等停顿较短，句号停顿较长。l意意义义上，上，停顿和意群、气群密切相关。精品意群意群l一个句子可以按照意义和语法结构分为几个部分，每一个部分可以称为一个意群（sense group）。l从语义、语法上来讲，意群是能表达某种意思的一个词，一组词，一个短语或一个分句，一个从句或一个主句。l从语调上来说，意群是可以用降调、升调或平调来朗读的一个语调单位。精品Before 1949,I used to live in Hong Kong and worked as a teacher.l Before 1949/,lI used to live in Hong Kong/land worked as a teacher.意义单位语法单位语调单位1949年前介词短语（状语）升调（句子的一部分，意思不完整）我住在香港主句（主语、谓语、状语）升调（句子的一部分，意思不完整）在香港教书主句第二部分降调（全句结束，意思完整）精品意群的意群的语调语调l意群根据其在句中的位置可分为句首、句中和句末意群三种。通常来说，句首和句中意群用升调，表示意思不完整，尚须往下听。l但如果句首或句中意群表意完整、语义重要，和后面部分联系并不密切，就可用降调表示。精品lHe put the letter into the envelope,/smoked a cigarette/and then walked out of his room.lWhen she learned that,/she was very angry/and decided to punish the man.精品气群气群l凡是一口气能说完或读完的一个句子或句子中一部分称为一个气群。一个气群一般包含若干个意群，气长的人可以念完一个很长的句子而不换气，但最短的气群也不得少于一个意群。精品lHurry up!/lTake it away./lBoth my brothers and I/are fond of music./lMary and her friend/had a big quarrel./lWhich is bigger,/an elephant/or a tiger?/精品三、英三、英语语中的中的节节奏奏l先看例子：She studies every morning.She stu dies eve ry mor ning.l在朗读时，重读音节要念得重些，长些，慢些（因而显得特别响亮清楚）；非重读音节则要念得轻些、短些、快些（因而显得不是那么响亮清楚）。l这种自然形成的轻重、长短、快慢等有规律的交替就构成英语里的基本节奏。精品一个一个节节奏群奏群lIts fine.lIm busy.lHes a doctor.lTheres a letter for you.精品两个两个节节奏群奏群lGo there.lI want to go.lI wanted to know.lI wanted you to know.lI wanted you to do it.lI wanted you to write to him.精品lI think he did it carefully.lI wonder if hell ask me in advance.lThey said they had to go at once.lHow far is it from here to London?lWhere did you say you had put my glasses?精品o olCome here.lLook out!lWhat for?lNo more.lSay“yes”.lAsk John.精品o o olTry again.lNot enough.lLook inside.lDo it now.lNot so fast.lCut the bread.精品o o o lI think so.lId like to.lOf course not.lIts early.lShes ready.lIm sorry.精品o o o olIts possible.lHe wanted it.lTheyve finished it.lIve heard of it.lIve paid for it.lBe nice to her.la friend of mine.精品 o o o olSend him away.lTerribly slow.lGive him a booklWhat is the time?lSing us a song.lThrow it away.精品o o o o olIve eaten them all.lHe wanted us to.lI know what it is.lHe gave it to me.lWe had to do it.精品o o o o o olI think it will be fine.lI wanted you to know.lYou ought to go to bed.lYou only have to try.lIll try to be in time.lHe didnt know the way.精品o o o o o o olHe started to talk to me.lShe wanted to write to him.lIll borrow another one.lYoull get it on Sunday.lHe came on a bicycle.精品四、英四、英语语调语语调l人们在说话或朗读时，声音时升时降，时高时低。这种声音的高低升降与句子重音结合在一起便构成英语语调。l英语里最基本的语调有两种：降调和升调。句子末尾用下降语调的叫降调。句子末尾用上升语调的叫升调。精品降、升降、升调调的三个共同点的三个共同点l1.句子中第一个重读音节的声调最高。lBoth the children are playing outside.Both the child ren are play ing out side.精品l2.第一个重读音节之前的非重读音节声调低平。lHe should have asked how to do it.asked how toHe should have do it 精品l3.第一个重读音节之后的其他重读音节，声调依次递降。lBoth the children are playing outside.Both the child ren are play ing out side.lHe promised to send a telepgram on his arrival.精品降降调调的特点的特点l1.在最后一个重读音节上声调下降。Why are you so late?l2.最后一个重读音节后面的非重读音节，其声调低平。Whats on at the cinema?精品升升调调的特点的特点l1.如果句末是重读音节，声调就在这个音节上上升。Must you go?l2.如果句末是非重读音节，则在最后一个重读音节开始声调就须由低向上稍升，后面的非重读音节的声调再依次上升。Did you speak to him yesterday?精品句中上升句中上升lI suppose it couldnt possibly happen again.lDid the postmanbring any letters today?lIm sorry I couldntquite make out what you were saying.lWe played tennis for an hour inspite of the rain.lMy eldest daughter has decided to take up accounting as a career.精品