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考点精讲六八年级(上)Units121.wonderv.wonderfulwonderfuladj.精彩的;绝妙的2.activityn.activeactiveadj.积极的3.decidev.decisiondecisionn.决定4.fulladj.fillfillv.填满;充满重点词汇拓展5.diev.deaddeadadj.死的;无生命的deathdeathn.死亡6.hardlyadv.hardhardadj.&adv.困难的;坚硬的;努力地;猛烈地7.yourselfpron.yourselvesyourselves(复数)你们自己8.buildingn.buildbuildv.建造9.wetadj.wetterwetter(比较级)wettestwettest(最高级)drydry(反义词)干的10.waitv.waiterwaitern.服务生waitresswaitressn.女服务生重点短语归纳1.quite a fewquite a few相当多2.of courseof course当然3.feel likefeel like给的感觉;感受到4.because ofbecause of因为,由于5.hardly everhardly ever几乎不6.at leastat least至少7.such assuch as例如8.more thanmore than多于9.less thanless than少于10.keep a diarykeep a diary记日记11.in the pastin the past在过去12.find outfind out查出,弄清楚13.twice a weektwice a week一周两次14.hardly everhardly ever几乎从不15.on weekendson weekends在周末16.something specialsomething special一些奇怪的东西17.ten percentten percent百分之十18.play sportsplay sports做运动重点句型回顾1.WhereWherediddidyougoononvacation?你去哪儿度假了?2.Didyoubuyanythinganythingspecialspecial?你买了一些特别的东西吗?No,Iboughtboughtnothingnothing.不,我什么都没买。3.Whatdodotheydodoononweekends?周末他们通常干什么?Theyoftenhelphelpwithwithhousework.他们经常帮忙做家务。4.HowHowoftenoftendoesdoesshewatchwatchTV?她多久看一次电视?ShehardlyhardlyevereverwatcheswatchesTV.她几乎从不看电视。5.Wethinkthebestbestwaytorelaxisthroughthroughexercise.我们认为放松的最好方式是通过锻炼。6.Shesaysit sgoodgoodforformyhealthhealth.她说这对我的健康有益。7.ItsgoodgoodtorelaxrelaxbybyusingusingtheInternetorwatchingwatchinggameshows.通过使用网络或观看游戏节目放松是很好的。语法精要 1.频度副词的用法;2.复合不定代词的用法enoughenoughn.&adj.&adv.n.&adj.&adv.(1)作名词,意为“充足;足够”eg:Ivehadenough.我已吃够了。(2)作形容词,可放在名词前,也可放在名词之后。如:enoughfood或foodenough,但放在前面比放在后面语气更强。(3)作副词,总是放在被修饰词/形容词或副词的后面(可以加for短语或todo短语或+forsb.todo短语)。Thebookiseasyenoughfortheboytoread.Theycan twalkfastenough.keepkeepv.v.保持保持;使使保持某种状保持某种状态(1)keep+adj./介词短语(作表语)保持如:keepquiet;keepitinthedesk.(2)keep+sb./sth.+adj.(作宾语补足语)使保持如:keeptheroomclean.(3)keep(on)+doing(作宾语)继续/一直做eg:Hekeptworkingyesterday.昨天他一直在工作。(4)keep+sb./sth.+doing(作宾语补足语)使继续/一直做eg:Don tkeephimwaitingtoolong.不要让他等太久。(5)keepsb./sth.fromdoing=stop/preventsb./sth.(from)doing阻止做eg:Therainkeptusfromgoinghome.大雨阻止我们回家。【注意】keep还有“饲养”之意,如keepapet。decide v.decide v.决定决定.decidetodosth.意为“决定做某事”,decide为动词,后常跟名词、动词不定式、从句作宾语,其名词形式为decision。其用法如下:(1)decidenottodosth.“决定不做某事”。eg:Shedecidednottomakethesamemistakes.她决定不犯相同的错误。(2)decideon/upon“决定”。eg:Hehasdecidedongoingthere.他已决定去那儿。(3)decide+宾语从句“决定”。eg:WedecidethatwewilltryourbesttolearnEnglishwell.我们决定尽最大的努力把英语学好。【注意注意】makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.How often do you exercise?How often do you exercise?你多久你多久锻炼一次一次?howoften“多久一次”,这是问做事的频率,常用often,always,sometimes,never,usually,hardlyever,everyday,onceaweek等表示“频度”的副词或短语来回答。常见的频度副词其频率大小如下图所示:【拓展拓展】与how有关的短语归纳:短语含义提问内容howoften多久频度(sometimes;onceaweek)howlong多长多久物体长度(20meterslong)时间段(since1978;for30years)howsoon多久之后in+时间段(in100years)howfar多远距离(5minuteswalk)Did you buy anything special?Did you buy anything special?你你买了一些特了一些特别的的东西西吗?句中的anything是复合不定代词,它与nothing,something,everything的辨析如下:共同点四者都是复合不定代词,作主语时,谓语动词都用第三人称单数形式。当形容词修饰它们时,形容词要位于它们后面,如somethingimportant“重要的事”不同点something用在肯定句中,anything用在否定句或疑问句中,notanything等于nothing,everything可用于各种句式中,意为“一切,每件事”something还可用在表示请求或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。如:Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?你想要点吃的吗?anything当表示“任何东西,任何事情”讲时,也可用于肯定句中。【注意注意】类似的复合不定代词还有:someone,anyone,noone,everyone和somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody以及somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere的用法与上述基本相同。How did you feel about the trip?How did you feel about the trip?你觉得这次旅行怎么样？Howdo/doessb.feelabout?=Whatdo/doessb.thinkof/about?=Howdo/doessb.like?用于询问某人对某事物的观点、看法,意思是“认为怎么样?”1.look for,look up,find,find out1.look for,look up,find,find out(1)lookfor寻找(强调寻找的动作);(2)lookup指(在词典、参考书等中)查阅;(3)find找到(强调寻找的结果或偶然的发现);(4)findout查明(强调经过一番努力后得出的结果或发现抽象事物)。2.take,bring,carry,get2.take,bring,carry,gettake(to)拿去;带去把某物(人)从说话处带到别处,与bring方向相反bring(to)拿来;带来把某物(人)从别处带到说话处carry搬运;提;拿不强调方向,但有负重之意get拿来;取来去别处把某物(人)带来,强调动作的往返3.die,dead,death3.die,dead,death词汇词性说明diev.表示“死”的动作,短暂性动词deadadj.be+dead,be+dead+n.,be+dead与一段时间连用deathn.作主语或宾语4.however,but4.however,but两者都有“但是”之意,但however则可以置于句首、句末或句中,置于句首时,后面要打逗号,置于句中时前后都用逗号,置于句末时,前面要打逗号。【提示】however还有“无论如何,不管怎样”之意。如:Howevercolditis,shealwaysgoesswimming.无论天气多冷,她总是去游泳。考点精讲七八年级(上)Units34重点词汇拓展1.loud.adj.loudlyloudlyadv.大声地;喧闹地2.quietlyadv.quietquietadj.轻声的;安静的3.clearlyadv.clearclearadj.清楚的4.winv.winnerwinnern.获胜者5.carev.carefulcarefuladj.认真的carlesscarlessadj.粗心的carefullycarefullyadv.认真地6.seriousadj.seriouslyseriouslyadv.严重地;严肃地7.breakv.brokenbrokenadj.坏的;破碎的fortablycomfortablyadv.舒服地9.reportern.reportreportv.报道10.magiciann.magicmagicadj.有魔力的11.talentn.talentedtalentedadj.有才干的;有才能的12.actv.actionactionn.行动actoractorn.演员actressactressn.女演员重点短语归纳1.care aboutcare about关心;在意2.as long asas long as只要;既然3.be different frombe different from与不同4.bring outbring out使显现;使表现出5.the same asthe same as和相同6.in factin fact实际上7.be similar tobe similar to与相像8.so farso far到目前为止9.havehave in commonin common有相同特征10.all kinds ofall kinds of各种各样的11.be up tobe up to是的职责;由决定12.play a roleplay a role发挥作用;有影响13.make upmake up编造14.for examplefor example例如15.taketake seriouslyseriously认真对待重点句型回顾1.Immoremoreoutgoingoutgoingthanmysister.我比我的妹妹更外向。2.Areyouasasfriendlyfriendlyasasyoursister?你和你的姐姐一样友好吗?3.ItsItsnoteasyeasyforformetotomakemakefriends.对我来说交朋友是不容易的。4.Sheslesslesshard-workingthanthanme.她没有我勤勉。5.Itsthetheclosestclosesttohome.它离家最近。6.Youcanbuyticketsthethemostmostquicklyquickly.你能以最快速度买到票。7.Talentshowsaregettingmoremoreandandmoremorepopular.才艺表演变得越来越受欢迎。8.Whoissmartersmarter,yourmotherororyourfather?谁更加精明,你母亲还是你父亲?9.However,Larryoftenhelpsto bring bringoutoutthethebestbestinme.然而,拉里经常帮助让我表现得最好。语法精要 1.形容词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法;2.副词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法。closeclosev.v.关关,adj.,adj.停停业的的;关的关的;靠近的靠近的.(1)作动词时,意为“关;闭;停工;关门”,其形容词形式为closed,eg:Theshopoftenclosesat8:00p.m.那个商店经常晚上8点关门。(2)作形容词,意为“靠近的;接近的;亲近的;亲密的”,常与to连用,closeto=nearto,eg:Thebankisclosetoourschool.银行靠近我们学校。Ihavemanyclosefriends.我有许多亲密的朋友。bothboth(1)both作形容词时常用于可数名词复数前,eg:Bothpensaremine.(2)both作代词时位于be动词、助动词或情态动词后,实义动词前。“bothof+主语”后的谓语动词用复数形式,eg:Bothofthemhavebeenthere.bothand意为“和都”,可与notonlybut(also)进行同义句转换,但后者谓语动词使用“就近原则”,eg:BothLilyandLucylikeEnglish.=NotonlyLilybutalsoLucylikesEnglish.(3)both与all的用法辨析both指“两者都”,其否定词为neither;all指“三者或三者以上都”,其否定词为none.【助助记图片片】carecarev.&n.v.&n.关心关心,在意在意;小心小心;注意注意(1)v.对在意;对计较;关心;照顾eg:Hefailedintheexam,butIdon tthinkhecaresmuch.他虽然考试不及格,但我认为他并不太在乎。(2)n.注意;小心;谨慎eg:Takecare!小心!Youmustdoyourworkwithmorecare.你工作要更加小心。【拓展拓展】carefuladj.小心的;仔细的carefullyadv.小心地;仔细地carelessadj.粗心的;漫不经心的carelesslyadv.粗心地;漫不经心地Are you as friendly as your sister?Are you as friendly as your sister?你和你的姐姐一你和你的姐姐一样友好友好吗?(1)as+adj./adv.(原级)+as和一样(2)notas.as.=notsoas不如,它可与比较级转换eg:Thissweaterisnotas/soexpensiveasthatone.这件毛衣不如那件贵。=Thissweaterislessexpensivethanthatone.Heisntas/sotallashisfriend.他没有他朋友高。=Hisfriendistallerthanhim.=Heisshorterthanhisfriend.Its not easy for me to make friends.Its not easy for me to make friends.对我来我来说交朋友是不容易的。交朋友是不容易的。此句为“Its+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.”表示“某人做某事很”,句中it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。(1)句中的形容词如表示事物的特征或特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,important,necessary等,则用介词for。eg:Itsverynecessaryforustoobeytrafficrules.对我们来说遵守交通规则是必要的。(2)句中的形容词如表示人物的性格、品德、心智能力,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right,(im)polite等,则用介词of。eg:Itsveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我真是太好了It has the biggest screens.It has the biggest screens.它的屏幕最大。它的屏幕最大。形容词和副词的最高级表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)中某方面的程度最高。常与in短语或of/among短语连用,说明比较的范围。常用结构:the+最高级+eg:Heisthetallest【注意注意】形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the,而副词最高级前的the可以省略。Im more outgoing than my sister.Im more outgoing than my sister.我比我妹妹更外向我比我妹妹更外向。(1)than是连词,意为“比”,用于形容词、副词比较级之后,引出比较对象,并且比较对象前后要一致。(2)形容词(副词)比较级的用法;两者进行比较,其结构为“比较级+than”。表示“越来越”用“比较级+and+比较级”结构。表示“差数”用“数词+名词+比较级+than”。表示“不如”用“less+原级+than”。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表“越越”。表示“两者间最的一个”用“the+比较级”。【注意】(1)very,so,quite,too等后加原形。(2)形容词比较级前常加alittle,abit,alot,even,much,far等表程度的副词或副词短语1.win,beat1.win,beat词汇词义结构反义词beat打败beat+对手(人或队名)losetosb.win赢得win+比赛/奖/荣誉/战争losesth.2.give,offer,provide2.give,offer,provide三个词均有“供给;供应”之意,区别主要在结构上。【助助记图片片】(1)providefor=providewith(2)give=giveto(3)offer强调“主动提供”offer=offerto【拓展拓展】offertodosth.主动提出做某事eg:Heofferedtodrivemetotheairport.他主动提出送我去飞机场。考点精讲八八年级(上)Units56重点词汇拓展1.educationn.educationaleducationaladj.教育的;有教育意义的2.discussv.discussiondiscussionn.讨论3.meaninglessadj.meaningfulmeaningful(反义词)有意义的meaningmeaningn.意义;意思meanmeanv.意思是4.appearappearv.disappeardisappear(反义词)消失5.successfuladj.successsuccessn.成功succeedsucceedv.成功successfullysuccessfullyadj.成功地6.agreev.disagreedisagree(反义词)不同意agreementagreementn.同意,一致7.personaladj.personpersonn.人8.foreignadj.foreignerforeignern.外国人9.ownadj.&pron.ownerownern.主人,物主10.planv.&n.planningplanning(现在分词)planned(过去式和过去分词)11.maymodalv.mightmight(过去式)可能;可以12.violinistn.violinviolinn.小提琴13.drivern.drivedrivev.驾驶14.beginningn.beginbeginv.开始重点短语归纳1.find outfind out查明,弄清2.be ready tobe ready to愿意迅速做某事3.dress updress up装扮;乔装打扮4.take sb.take sb.s places place代替;替换5.grow upgrow up长大;成熟6.be sure aboutbe sure about确信;对有把握7.do a good jobdo a good job干得好8.make suremake sure确保;查明9.be able tobe able to能够做某事10.at the beginning ofat the beginning of在开始11.write downwrite down写下;记录下12.have to do withhave to do with关于;与有关13.take uptake up学着做;开始做14.agree withagree with同意;赞成15.take acting lessonstake acting lessons上表演课16.get good gradesget good grades取得好成绩17.make promisesmake promises许诺e outcome out出来;出版19.try onetry one s bests best尽某人最大努力重点句型回顾1.Whatdoyouplanplantotowatchwatchtonight?今晚你计划看什么?2.Whatcanyouexpectexpecttotolearnfromfromsitcoms?你期盼着能从情景喜剧学到什么?3.BecauseIhopehopetofindoutwhat sgoing going ononaroundtheworld.因为我希望弄明白世界上正在发生什么事。4.Whatdoyouwantwanttobebewhenyougrowgrowupup?当你长大了,你想当什么?5.Whereareareyougoinggoingtotowork?你打算在哪儿工作?6.Someresolutionshavehavetododowithwithbetterplanning.一些决定与合理的时间规划有关。7.Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetootoodifficulttotokeepkeep.有时这些决定可能会太难而无法实现。8.WhatWhatdoyouthinkthinkofoftalkshows?你觉得脱口秀怎么样?Idontmindmindthem.我不介意。/Icantstandstandthem.我不能忍受。语法精要1.begoingto+动词原形;2.want,hope,plan,expect表愿望的用法。agreeagreev.v.同意同意(1)agreetodosth.同意做某事。eg:Heagreedtoletmegoearly.他同意让我早走。(2)agreewithsb./sth.同意某人/某事。eg:Idon tagreewithwhatthey redoing.我不同意他们正在做的。(3)agreeon达成协议,意见一致。【拓展拓展】(1)其反义词为disagree.不同意。(2)agree的名词agreement,意为“同意”。固定词组:beinagreementwithsb.=agreewithsb.promisepromisen.&v.n.&v.诺言言;许诺(1)promise作动词时,为及物动词,意为“许诺;答应”,常见搭配有:promisesb.sth.许诺某人某事;promise(sb.)todosth.答应做某事;promise(sb.)that从句答应某人;(2)promise作名词时,意为“诺言;约定”,常见以下搭配:makeapromisetosb.向某人许诺;keepapromise遵守诺言;breakapromise违约;carryoutapromise履行诺言。planplann.&v.n.&v.计划划(1)plan作名词,意为“计划”。makeaplan制定一个计划。(2)plan作动词时,其过去式,过去分词以及现在分词为:planned,planned,planning,plantodosth.计划做某事。mindmind(1)mind用作动词,意为“介意,反对”,常表示委婉、客气的请求。常用于以下句型及短语中:mind(sb./sb.s)doingsth.Would/Doyouminddoingsth.?Would/Doyoumindnotdoingsth.?nevermind不要紧。(2)作名词,意为“心智,头脑”Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.有有时这些决些决心可能太心可能太难而无法而无法实现。(1)tooto意为“太而不能”,表示否定意义,too为副词,后接形容词或副词的原级,to后接动词原形。如:Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.这个孩子太小而不能上学。(2)在tooto结构中不定式可带逻辑主语forsb.以说明动作的执行者是谁。eg:Thebookistoohardformetoread.这本书对我来说太难读不懂。【拓展拓展】tooto可以转化为sothat和notenoughto句式,但要注意notenoughto中的形容词和tooto中的形容词意义相反。Im going to practice basketball everyday.Im going to practice basketball everyday.我准我准备每天每天练习篮球球。“begoingto+动词原形”是一般将来时态的一种表现形式,表示打算、计划做某事,be动词要根据句中主语的人称和数而变化。句中常含有表示将来的时间状语,如:tomorrow,thisafternoon,nextweek,nextyear,intwohours等。eg:Imgoingtoseemygrandparentstomorrow.明天我将去看望我的祖父母。1.be able to,can1.be able to,can两者均可表示有能力做某事,其后接动词原形,一般情况下可互换,其区别如下:词语词形用法beableto有人称和数的变化可用于多种时态,表示经过努力而有能力做某事。can没有人称和数的变化只有过去式could,could还可表示请求、允许和推测,语气比can更委婉,而beableto没有此用法。eg:Could/Canyoupleaselendmesomemoney?你能借给我点钱吗?Wewillbeabletomakeitin2020.到2020年我们就可以做到了。2.hope,wish,expect,look forward to2.hope,wish,expect,look forward to四个词都有“希望”之意,但用法有区别:(1)hopetodosth.,hopethat从句。(2)wishtodosth.,wishsb.todosth.,wishsb.sth.,wishthat从句。(3)expectsb./sth.,expectsb.todosth.,expecttodosth.,expectthat从句。(4)lookforwardtosth./doingsth.。考点精讲九八年级(上)Units78重点词汇拓展1.pollutev.pollutionpollutionn.污染2.peacen.peacefulpeacefuladj.和平的;安宁的3.believev.believablebelievableadj.可相信的;可信任的4.possibleadj.impossibleimpossible(反义词)不可能的5.finallyadv.finalfinaladj.最后的6.saltn.saltysaltyadj.咸的7.coverv.discoverdiscover(反义词)发现8.fillv.fullfulladj.满的9.papern.newspapernewspapern.报纸10.fallv.fellfell(过去式)fallenfallen(过去分词)11.digv.diggingdigging(现在分词)dugdug(过去式,过去分词)重点短语归纳1.play a partplay a part参与(某事)2.over and over againover and over again多次;反复地3.hundreds ofhundreds of许多;大量;成百的4.fall downfall down倒下;跌倒;倒塌5.look forlook for寻找;寻求6.turn onturn on接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开7.cut upcut up切碎8.pourpour intointo把倒入9.fillfill withwith用装满10.covercover withwith用盖11.one by oneone by one一个接一个12.in the futurein the future在将来13.disagree withdisagree with不同意14.take outtake out拿出15.at this timeat this time在这时16.give thanks forgive thanks for为而感谢17.putput intointo把放到里面重点句型回顾1.HowHowdoyoumakemakeabananamilkshake?你怎样做香蕉奶昔?2.TurnTurnonontheblender.打开搅拌器。3.HowHowmanymanybananasbananasdoweneed?我们需要多少个香蕉?4.HowHowmuchmuchyogurtdoweneed?我们需要多少酸奶?5.PutPutsomebutterononapiecepieceofofbread.放一些黄油在面包片上。6.ItsItstimetimetoenjoyenjoythericenoodles?到了享用米线的时候了。7.FinallyFinally,cutcuttheturkeyintointothinpiecesandeatthemeatwithwithvegetables.最后,把火鸡切成薄片,然后拌着蔬菜吃。8.WhatWhatwillwillthefuturebebelike?未来会是什么样子的?9.Citieswillbemoremorepolluted.Andtherewillwillbebefewerfewertrees.城市将有更多污染,树木将会更少。语法精要1.will表一般将来时;2.祈使句;3.可数名词与不可数名词。turn onturn on打开打开turnon意为“把(水源、煤气、电源、收音机等)打开”。【注意注意】不同的“开/关”turnon打开turnoff关闭close关闭turndown调低Open打开turnup 调高【助助记图片片】【注意注意】on,off,up,down这四个词都是副词,当宾语为代词时,只能放在两词之间,宾语是名词时,中间和后面都可放。cut upcut up切碎切碎eg:Cutupthebananas.把香蕉切碎。cutup属于“动词+副词”短语,意为“切碎”,宾语是代词放在两词之间。类似短语有:useup用完,cleanup清理干净,pickup捡起来;giveup放弃等【拓展拓展】与cut搭配的词组有:seemseemv.v.似乎似乎;好像好像seem可作系动词或行为动词,意为“好像”,其常见用法有:seem+adj./todosth./Itseemsthat从句eg:Sheseemsbusy.=Sheseemstobebusy.=Itseemsthatsheisbusy.她好像很忙。【拓展】还有系动词feel,look,sound等+adj.。hundredhundrednum.num.一百一百(1)hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等数词前面有具体数字修饰时,其后不加-s,也不与of连用。如:twohundredtrees两百棵树threethousandstudents三千名学生(2)若这些词表示一个不确定的数目时,其后要加-s,且与of连用,但其前不用数词。如:hundredsofbirds成百上千只鸟thousandsofvisitors数以千计的游客It s time to enjoy the rice noodles!It s time to enjoy the rice noodles!该是享用米是享用米线的的时候了。候了。该做某事了/做某事的时间到了。eg:Itstimeforfootballmatches.=Itstimetowatchfootballmatches.观看球赛的时间到了。Will people use money in 100 years?Will people use money in 100 years?一百年后人一百年后人们还使用使用钱吗?(1)助动词will+动词原形,构成一般将来时,其否定形式为:wont+动原;其疑问形式直接把will提前即可。(2)in意为“在之后”,常用于一般将来时,用howsoon(多久以后)对其提问。(3)辨析in与after单词用法句子时态in表示以现在为起点的将来某一段时间之后,后接时间段用于将来时after可接时间点,也可接时间段用于将来时或过去时(after+时间段)eg:TheyllleaveforLondonintwoweeks.两周后他们将前往伦敦。Wellcomebackaftersixoclock.我们将在六点之后回来。Shegotthereafterthreedays.她三天后到达了那里。1.such,so1.such,sosuch修饰名词或名词短语;so修饰形容词或副词;两词都可与that句型连用,具体用法如下:(1)such+(2)so+eg:WangLinissuchacleverboy.Hehassomanyfriends.王林是个很聪明的男孩。他有很多的朋友。【注意注意】当little表示“年纪小的”之意时,可用于“such+little+名词”结构。eg:Theyweresuchlittlechildrenthattheycouldn tcleanthehouse.这些孩子那么小,不能打扫房间。2.fall,drop2.fall,dropdrop既是及物动词也是不及物动词,而fall是不及物动词。(1)表示“掉下,落下”时,两者可互换。Anappledropped/fellfromthetree.一个苹果从树上掉下来了。(2)表示无意或故意“扔下”某物用drop。TheClass2runnerdroppedhisstickontheground.二班的运动员把接力棒掉在了地上。(3)在表示气温、价格“下降”时,drop和fall可通用。Thepriceoftomatoeshasdropped/fallenbyfivecents.西红柿的价格已经降了五分钱。(4)fall可用作连系动词,意为“变得”,后常接形容词asleep,ill等作表语。ShefellillassoonasshegottoLondon.她一到伦敦就生病了。(5)fall还有“跌倒,摔倒”之意,其固定短语有:falldown倒下,倒塌;falloff从上倒下;fallinto掉入;陷入(6)drop还有“放弃”之意,相当于giveup(7)drop还可作名词,意为“滴”。Weshouldsaveeverydropofwater.我们应该节约每一滴水。考点精讲十八年级(上)Units910重点词汇拓展1.preparev.preparationpreparationn.准备2.invitev.invitationinvitationn.邀请;请柬3.normaladj.normallynormallyadv.通常;正常情况下4.catchv.catchescatches(单三式)caughtcaught(过去式)caughtcaught(过去分词)5.openingn.openopenv.打开6.advicen.adviseadvisev.建议7.certainlyadv.certaincertainadj.某种;某事;某人8.travelv.&n.travelertravelern.旅游者9.himselfpronthemselvesthemselves(复数)他们自己重点短语归纳1.prepare forprepare for为做准备2.another timeanother time其他时间;别的时间3.hang outhang out闲逛4.look afterlook after照料;照顾5.turn downturn down拒绝6.take a triptake a trip去旅行7.look forward tolook forward to盼望;期待8.hear fromhear from接到(某人的)信,电话等9.keepkeep to oneselfto oneself保守秘密10.in halfin half分成两半11.the day before yesterdaythe day before yesterday前天12.the day after tomorrowthe day after tomorrow后天13.travel around the worldtravel around the world周游世界14.run away fromrun away from逃避15.be afraid to dobe afraid to do不敢做16.make mistakesmake mistakes出错17.worry aboutworry about为而担心18.make moneymake money挣钱19.get an educationget an education受到教育20.get into a fight withget into a fight with和闹别扭21.say sorry tosay sorry to向道歉重点句型回顾1.CanCanyoucomecometomyparty?你能来参加我的晚会吗?SureSure.I dI dloveloveto.当然,我很乐意。Sorry,Imnotavailableavailable.对不起,我没空。2.Samisn tisn tleavinguntiluntilnextwednesday.Sam直到下个星期三才会离开。3.Ilooklookforwardforwardtohearinghearingfromfromyouall.我盼望着你们所有人的来信。4.Whatwillwillhappenhappenif iftheyhavehavethepartytoday?如果他们今天开晚会会怎样?5.Sometimestheyhaveproblemsproblemswithwiththeirschoolwork.有时候他们有功课方面的困难。6.Whoelseelsecanyougetgetadvicefromfrom?你还能从其他谁那儿得到建议呢?7.It sIt sbestbestnottorunawayawayfromfromourproblems.最好不要逃避我们的问题。8.UnlessUnlesswetalktosomeone,we llcertainlycertainlyfeelworseworse.如果我们不与别人交谈,当然我们会感到更糟糕。语法精要1.情态动词can(表邀请)和haveto的用法;2.条件状语从句。unlessunlessconj.conj.如果不如果不;除非除非unless相当于ifnot,其引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。eg:Youllfailtheexamunlessyouworkharder.=You llfailtheexamifyoudontworkharder.如果不更加努力,你将会考试不及格。untiluntilconj.&prep.conj.&prep.直到直到之之时;在在之前之前;到到为止止(1)until后既可以跟具体时刻或时间短语,也可以跟从句。用于从句中,主句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词,表示主句的谓语所表示的动作一直延续到状语表示的时间为止,常见延续性动词有:live,wait,last,stay,work等。(2)notuntil“直到才”,主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词,表示主句的谓语所表示的动作一直到状语表示的时间才发生,也可以理解为“在某时间之前不做某事或在某个时间之后做某事。”所以notuntil=notbefore=after。eg:IlivedinthisvillageuntilIwenttocollege.我在这个村庄一直居住到我上大学为止。=Ididntleavethisvillageuntil/beforeIwenttocollege.adviceadvicen.n.建建议advice,“建议”,是不可数名词,其同义词为suggestion,但suggestion是可数名词,其固定结构有:takeadvice采纳建议giveadvice给出建议getadvice得到建议【拓展拓展】advice的动词为advise,其用法为:advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事。eg:Headvisedmetogothisway.他建议我走这条路。advisesb.nottodosth.建议某人不做某事Can you come to my party?Can you come to my party?你能来参加我的晚会你能来参加我的晚会吗?Sure,ISure,I d love to.d love to.当然能当然能,我很我很乐意。意。I I m sorry,I canm sorry,I can t.I have to prepare for my exam.t.I have to prepare for my exam.对不起不起,我不能。我得我不能。我得为考考试做准做准备。此句情态动词can表示邀请或征求意见。若接受邀请,回答为:OK./Allright./Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Yes(Sure),Idloveto.若不接受,回答为:Sorry,Icant.(+原因)If you go to the party,youll have a great time.If you go to the party,youll have a great time.如果你去参加聚会如果你去参加聚会,你会玩得开心。你会玩得开心。(1)if条件状语从句中的时态应遵循“主将从现”的原则,即主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。eg:Ifhegoesfishingtomorrow,Illgowithhim.如果他明天去钓鱼,我将和他同去。(2)当if引导宾语从句(意为“是否”)时,与whether同义,可互换,其时态通常取决于主句的时态。eg:Idontknowifhewillcome.我不知道他是否能来。(if引导的从句是宾语从句,谓语动词可用将来时)Bring Ms.Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.Bring Ms.Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.把把steensteen小姐小姐带到聚会到聚会现场,但不要告但不要告诉她她,这样她会大吃一惊。她会大吃一惊。(1)without是介词,“没有;缺乏;不;无”,之后接名词、代词或动名词。(2)sothat引导目的状语从句,意为“以便,为了”,相当于“inorderthat”,从句中常含有can,could,beableto,may,might,will,would等词,此时可以与inordertodo或todo互换。eg:Shegotupearlysothatshecouldcatchtheearlybus.=Shegotupearlyinordertocatchtheearlybus.她早起是为了能赶上早班车。1.accept,receive1.accept,receive词汇acceptreceive用法“接受”,主观乐意接受只表示客观上接收到,不表示主观上是否愿意接受。例句Ican taccepthisidea.我不能接受他的观点。Later,thefamilyacceptedthenewmember.不久,这一家人接受了这个新的成员。Ireceivedaletterfrommyoldfriendyesterday.昨天我收到了一位老朋友的信。2.reply,answer2.reply,answer词汇词性结构说明replyn.&v.replytosth./sb.(v.)thereplytosth.(n.)reply比answer要正式,reply指经过思考,有针对性answern.&v.answersth./sb.(v.)theanswertosth.(n.)【注意注意】reply作名词不能指练习题的答案,作动词不能对电话、敲门作出应答,而answer可以。3.else,other3.else,other(1)else通常用在疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词后作定语。(2)other常用在名词、代词前作定语。eg:Whatelsewouldyoulikeforbreakfast?=Whatotherfoodwouldyoulikeforbreakfast?早餐你还想吃点别的吗?感谢亲观看此幻灯片，此课件部分内容来源于网络，感谢亲观看此幻灯片，此课件部分内容来源于网络，如有侵权请及时联系我们删除，谢谢配合！如有侵权请及时联系我们删除，谢谢配合！
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