中考英语总复习 第一部分 常用单词 词组用法辨析 第一节10 代词类单词、词组辨析课件

代词类单词、词组辨析 1. neither of， none of 【辨析】 两者都可表示“都不”，既可指人也可指物。neither of意为“两者(任一)都不”，其反义词组为both of。none of意为“三者或以上(任一)都不”，其反义词组为all of。 注意：(1)neither， none作主语时，通常被视为单数，但从意义上讲也可视为复数。当both of， all of作主语时，只能作复数。 (2)no one也可表示“三者或三者以上没有一个”，等于nobody，只能指人，且不能与of连用。no one可用于回答以who提问的特殊疑问句，none则用于回答以how many提问的特殊疑问句。【举例】 Neither of the cars was/were damaged. 两部车都没有受损。 None of them has/have been to Japan. 他们都没去过日本。(他们至少三个人以上) 【演练】( )1. Do you live by yourself， Mr.Wang？Yes. I have two sons. But _ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America. A. neither B. both C. none D. eitherA ( )2. _ of us is going to play basketball with you this afternoon， because weve got work to do. A. All B. Either C. None D. BothC ( )3. The twins are very hard working. _ of them are top students. A. Neither B. Both C. None D. AllB 2. another, the other, other, others, the others【辨析】 (1)another指不定数目中的“(三个或以上中的)另一个；又一个”，用来代替或修饰可数名词。注意：another+数词+时间=数词+more+时间。 (2)the other指两个中的“另一个”， 常与one连用，构成“onethe other”短语，意为“一个另一个”；the other还可表示“其余全部的”， 作定语修饰可数名词复数形式。 (3)other泛指“另外的”，后接复数可数名词或不可数名词，作定语，不能单独使用。如果前面有the，some， my等限定词时，也可以与单数可数名词连用。 (4)others 泛指“另外的人或物”，但不指其余的人或物的全部，常用在“someothers”搭配中，相当于“other复数可数名词”。 (5)the others特指某一范围内的“其余全部的人或物”，相当于“the other复数可数名词”。【举例】 This shirt is too large for me. Please show me another. 这件衬衫我穿太大了。请另外拿一件给我看看。(一般商店里不会只有两件衬衫) In another two weeks (In two more weeks)， itll be finished. 再过两个星期就可以做完了。 I have two friends. One is a policeman and the other is a teacher. 我有两个朋友。一个是警察，另一个是教师。 John did better than all the other players in the sport. 在那项运动中，约翰比所有别的运动员都出色。 I dont know about it. Please ask some other people. 我不知道这件事，请问其他的人。 Some classmates cleaned the windows, others (other classmates)mopped the floor. 一些同学擦窗户，另一些(同学)擦地板。 Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others (the other boys)will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。 【演练】( )1. Have you finished your report yet? No, Ill finish it in _ ten minutes.A. another B. other C. more D. less( )2. I dont think the coat is good enough. Can you show me _?A. another B. other C. others D. the otherAA ( )3. There are thirty books on the bookshelf. Five are mine, _ are my fathers.A. others B. the other C. the others D. another( )4. He has two sons. One is in Shanghai, _ is in Beijing.A. another B. the other C. others D. the othersCB 3. one， that， it 【辨析】 三者都可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词。 (1)one，that是同类中不同的一个，指代单数意义的名词。但one为泛指，相当于a/an名词；that为特指，相当于the名词。 (2)it用于指代上文中出现的同一个单数意义的名词，也可表示“时间；距离；天气”等，还可以用来引导强调句。此外，it可以充当句子中的形式主语、形式宾语等。 附：one有复数形式ones，用以代替复数可数名词。 【举例】 I have lost my umbrella. I think I must buy one. 我的伞丢了。我想我必须买把新的。(one在该句中表泛指，相当于an umbrella) The weather in Nanjing is hotter than that in Beijing. 南京的天气比北京的更热。(that=the weather， 但并非指南京的天气， 而是指北京的天气) Green apples often taste better than red ones. 绿苹果往往比红苹果好吃。 I have lost my umbrella. Im looking for it. 我的伞丢了。我正在找它。(该句中的it就是指前面的my umbrella，属于特指) 【演练】( )1. We find _ impossible for us to learn a foreign language well in a short time. A. that B. this C. one D. it( )2. A latest Shenzhen Daily， please！ Only one copy left. Would you like to have _， sir？A. one B. it C. this D. thatDB ( )3. Do you need a new dictionary， Susan？ No， Mom. My uncle bought me _ yesterday. A. one B. it C. the one D. another ( )4. The weather in London is different from _ in Tianshui. A. that B. one C. it D. thoseAA