2021斯坦福大学校长开学讲话

斯坦福大学校长开学讲话Voyage of DiscoveryStanford Convocation addressPresident John HennessyEach fall as I prepare for Convocation and the arrival of a new class of Stanford students, I contemplate the message I want to deliver and look for inspiration, often among my recent reading.This summer, I read the first volume of Janet Brownes biography of Charles Darwin, entitled Voyaging. Most of you probably know the basics of Darwins story: his voyage on the Beagle1at the age of 22, the role of his observations in the Galapagos2, and his eventual publication of On the Origin of Species3more than 20 years after the voyage ended. What I found new and interesting in this biography was how Darwins experience and education had prepared him not only for his journey as a naturalist on the Beagle, but also subsequently as he developed the ideas that led up to his landmark publication.From Darwins earliest days, he seems to have been preparing for what would become his lifes work. As a young boy, he developed a deep passion for science and the skills of a careful and thorough observer of nature, as well as an outstanding collector of beetles. Throughout his life, Darwin remained intellectually curious.You, our newest students, have been selected not only because you have demonstrated your scholarly ability but also because of your intellectual curiosity.Like Darwin, who was a student at Cambridge University, you will have access to outstanding teachers and distinguished scholars. During his student years, Darwin met faculty members who not only taught him important new subjects but also served as mentors during his early years, and as scholarly colleagues and advisors during the later decades when he worked on his theories.During your time here, I urge you to follow Darwins example and get to know our faculty. Alumni have told us that getting to know a faculty member personally was one of the most rewarding aspects of their Stanford experience, and the university has invested heavily over the past 15 years to create many opportunities for you to do so.Use every opportunity to discover why our faculty are passionate about their scholarly pursuits. While I love giving an exciting lecture to a packed classroom, my greatest enjoyment comes when students visit my office to talk about research, ask career advice or seek help on a difficult topic.Darwin spent many days and evenings during his time as a student in the company of Professor John Henslow4, who introduced him to many other scientists and later recommended Darwin for the opening on the Beagle. Those encounters generated a passion for scientific inquiryand debate, as well as developed Darwins knowledge in biology and geology, both of which he would put to good use.Over the next few years you also will get to know students whose background, culture or beliefs are different from yours. You may find that your values and beliefs are challenged. I hope that you will discover a new understanding and appreciation of a pluralistic society and develop your skills in interacting with people quite different from you.Nowadays, we often talk about the need to prepare students to be members of a global community, but this need is not entirely new. In Darwins day, knowledge about different peo ples and cultures was still limited but was about to grow rapidly, as travel became easier. Indeed, Darwin found a number of surprises as he visited native peoples in South America and the Pacific, encountered slavery and reconsidered his own cultural biases.More than 150 years later, technology has vastly increased such global interaction. Isolation is not possible for any nationphysically, economically, environmentally or intellectually, and we must all be more knowledgeable of different cultures and societies. Stanford has been a leader in overseas studies for more than 50 years, and incorporating an overseas studies experience in your education will help prepare you to be a better global citizen.You have chosen to attend a university that is not only a great educational institution but also a great research university. At Stanford, you can take courses and attend seminars that explore the frontiers of fields where new knowledge and understanding are being created, and you can contribute to that process.For me, participating in research as an undergraduate led me from my major in electrical engineering to my graduate concentration in computer science, and it ignited a passion for being on the leading edge of discovery. Taking part in the creation of new knowledge is an immensely rewarding and life-altering experience.The joy of discovery also had been part of Darwins life since he was a small boy, but it became paramount during his time at Cambridge and on his voyage, and it continued to inspire him as he analyzed his discoveries and formulated his theories.I encourage you to experiment and take intellectual risks. Challenge yourself with courses in disciplines that are new to you. And should you occasionally not succeed, do not become disillusioned. Use it as an opportunity to learn how to overcome adversity. The only people I know who succeed at everything they undertake are those who have been timid in setting their goals.Going on the Beagle was a big risk for Darwin. He went, not as the appointed naturalist, but as an educated companion for Captain FitzRoy5. Darwin effectively earned the position of naturalist by demonstrating superior skills.Darwin also faced adversities; for example, he never overcame being seasick, and spent many hours below deck in his hammock. In fact, he seriously contemplated leaving the Beagle early on in his voyage while in the waters off Spain. But he persevered, and driven by the desire toexplore, Darwin traversed thousands of miles in South America exploring the fauna and the geology of Argentina and Patagonia6.Darwins geological observation of how land evolved over time eventually led him to ask: If the Earth can evolve why not its inhabitants? This theory was radical; the conventional wisdom was that the Creator specifically designed each species for its environment. But the Galapagos Islands are a very dynamic environment, driven by active volcanic change, so Darwin asked the key follow-up question: If the land was changing, would not the flora and fauna have to change as well?The creatures of the Galapagos inspired Darwin. Even today, the Galapagos is a magical place with incredible species from marine iguanas to flightless cormorants to giant tortoiseseach uniquely adapted to its environment and preserved by the isolation of the islands. If you ever get a chance to go to this remarkable place, my advice is simple: Do it!The search for knowledge, which inspired Darwin, continues at universities around the world. Today, you join a university community created and bound by a commitment to lofty ideals, a community of scholars dedicated to the pursuit of truth, knowledge and understanding. It is a community rooted in principles established by the universitys founders and early l eaders: By Jane and Leland Stanford7, whoafter the tragic death of their only son at the age of 15founded this university to benefit other peoples children and, as it saysto exercise an influence on behalf of humanity and civilization.By S tanfords first president, David Starr Jordan8, who chose the motto The Wind of Freedom Blows to remind us of the importance and privilege of free and open inquiry.And by Stanfords first faculty and students, who in 1896 created the Fundamental Standard9, which emphasizes personal integrity and respect for each and every member of the scholarly communitya standard still in effect more than 100 years later.As you begin your time at Stanford and plan your years here, I urge you to remember that your undergraduate education is much more than a ticket to your first job. When Darwin went to study at Cambridge, he enrolled for a general arts degree with the idea that it would lead to further studies and eventually a career as a minister. Of course, his time at Cambridge and his interactions with Professor Henslow led to a lifelong career as a scientist.As it was for Darwin, your undergraduate education is an opportunity to develop the skills and passion for being a lifelong learner in areas related to and outside of your future career. It is the foundation not just for your first job but also for your whole life.Students, as you begin your time at Stanford, think about Darwin standing on the dock of the Beagle in England, contemplating the next five years, wondering what he would learn and discover. The voyage went far beyond his imagination, not just because of the lands the Beagle visited but also because Darwin was committed to making the most of the trip, and that trip transformed him.I hope you will be similarly committed to the journey you are about to begin, and that your time here transforms your life just as it has transformed the lives of thousands of alumni before you.Culture NotesBeagle小猎犬号，又译做“贝格尔号”（英国海军考察船。1831年12月，22岁的达尔文以博物学家的身份，随“小猎犬号”开始了为期五年的环球旅行。）Galapagos Islands加拉帕戈斯群岛（它由19个火山岛组成，从南美大陆延入太平洋，被人称作“独特的活的生物进化博物馆和陈列室”。1835年查尔斯达尔文参观了这片岛屿后，从中得到感悟，为进化论的形成奠定了基础。）On the Origin of Species物种起源。（达尔文首次提出进化论的重要著作。他使用自己环球科学考察中积累的资料，试图证明物种的演化是通过自然选择的方式实现的。）John Henslow(1796 1861) 约翰亨斯洛。（英国著名植物学家，达尔文的导师。他将达尔文捉虫猎鸟的个人兴趣和爱好引上了真正的科学道理，又推荐达尔文以博物学者的身份参加“贝格尔号”航程，进行了历时五年的环球考察，而这是达尔文写物种起源不可缺少的前提）Captain FitzRoy(18051865) 费茨罗伊( “贝格尔号”的舰长。他还于1843到1845年间作新西兰政府官员。）Patagonia巴塔哥尼亚(位于阿根廷及智利之南部）Lel and Stanford利兰斯坦福(美国实业家、政治家，斯坦福大学创始人。1884年，利兰年仅15岁的爱子小斯坦福随父母在欧洲旅行时，感染了伤寒不幸病逝。悲痛的斯坦福夫妇决定将他们的2021万美元的积蓄和帕拉托的土地用来创建一所宏伟的大学，这就是后来享誉世界的斯坦福大学。）David Starr Jordan戴维乔登(著名教育家、和平运动活动家，曾任印第安纳大学和斯坦福大学校长。）Fundamental Standard 1896年制定的斯坦福大学学生基本行为准则。(其内容为：“斯坦福大学的学生不论在校内还是校外都要遵守纪律道德要求，尊重个人荣誉和他人权利，否则予以开除学籍的处分”。）