听力原文及题目答案Unit8

听力原文及题目答案Unit 8This is based on the result of a new UN study called TheState of Food In security in the World, 2002 ”.lt found that more tha n nine millio n people die each year from hunger. Six million of them are children younger than age five. Researchers also found that the nu mber of starvi ng people is grow ing in some parts of the world.The report says that about eight hundred and forty million people around the world are getting eno ugh food to eat. Nin ety-five perce nt of these people are in develop ing coun tries.Unit 8Task 1【答案】A.1) in terest rates; third time2) shr unk; first time3) A fall; employme nt4) higherB.NewsFiguresPossible Causes or EffectsItems11) The overnight bank lending rate rose by 0.25 perce nt. And the curre nt rate was 5.5 perce nt.2) The disco unt rate in creased by 0.25 perce nt to 5perce nt.The in crease would reduce the dan ger of in flati on.2The total value of goods and services produced in the US fell by four ten ths of 1 perce nt (0.4 perce nt)betwee n July and September.3US bonds fell nearly two poin ts.More jobs had been created in March than had bee n expected.4The Dow Jones In dustrial Average was up n early 1 _ perce nt or 89 poi nts at 10,205.Some an alysts believed some sig ns indicated the US inflation was under control.【原文】News Item 1The United States central bank, the Federal Reserve, has raised interest rates for the third time this year. The Federal Reserve raised the overnight bank lending rate by 0.25 percent (one fourth of one perce nt) to 5.5 perce nt. It raised the disco unt rate also by 0.25 perce nt to 5 perce nt. The Federal Reserve said it had no plans to raise interest rates again any time soon. It said the in crease today should reduce the dan ger of in flati on.News Item 2The Commerce Department says the American economy has shrunk for the first time in eight years. The total value of goods and services produced in the Un ited States fell by four tenth of one percent (0.4 percent) in the period of July through September. A recession is commonly defi ned as at least six mon ths where the economy shri nks.News Item 3A fall in the New York market had been widely predicted following Fridays better than expected US employment figures. US bonds from which the government funds long-term borrowing fell nearly two points on the news that more jobs had been created in March than had been expected. The Dow Jones Index was closed on Friday for the Easter holiday, so today was the first chance for the share market to react.News Item 4And we go straight to Wall Street where share prices closed higher. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was up nearly 1 percent or 89 points at 10,205. Shares made up for some of the losses they incurred in the past week, thanks to what was interpreted as signs the US inflation is under control.Task 2【答案】A.1) F2) F3) TB.manned; third; the Soviet Union; a person; Shenzhou v ； the Gobi Desert; Inner Mongolia; Thursday; 14; about 20; importance; modernity【原文】News Item 1China has launched a manned space flight, becoming the third country to do so 40 years after the Soviet Union and the United States. A single astronaut was on board the Shenzhou VCraft, which took off from the Gobi Desert. Its expected to go round the earth 14 times during a 24-hour period before landing in Inner Mongolia. President Hu Jintao watched the launch, a sign of the importance China attaches to its space programme. Francis Margnez reports from Beijing.Half an hour after the spacecraft blasted off, Chinas state television showed footage of the launch, the rocket climbing slowly into the clear blue sky. And many Chinese will feel their country has taken a proud step towards modernity.News Item 2Chinas first man in space has returned to Earth. Reports say Chinese officials declared the space flight a success. Astronaut Yang Liwei is also reported to be in good health. On Tuesday, China became only the third nation to send a person into orbit. Astronaut Yang and his spacecraft landed in Chinas Inner Mongolia early Thursday. He had orbited the earth 14 times in about 20 hours. The United States and Russia praised China for the launch. Russia and the United States were the first two nations to send people into space.Task 3【答案】A.1) d2) b3) a4) aB.1) ban2) tobacco taxes3) substa nee4) Health warning5) treatme nt programs6) Educati on7) sec on dha nd smokeC.1) Refere nee: Negotiati on s proposed treaty approved by the WHO meeti ngin dividualapproval by the WHO members coming into effect when at least 40 members have ratified the treaty【原文】Negotiators have agreed to the word ing of a proposed intern ati onal treaty on tobacco con trol. Delegates from more tha n 170 coun tries approved the final wordi ng earlier this mon th in Switzerland. This came after four years of negotiations. The proposed treaty is called the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. It will be presented in May at the yearly meeting of the World Health Orga ni zati on, a UN age ncy. The final version approved there will also require in dividual approval by WHO members. Once 40 n ati ons have approved it, the treaty will go into effect in those coun tries.Member states cannot make any ame ndme nts once the WHO approves a final vers ion of the treaty. They must either accept or reject the agreeme nt as it is writte n. The proposed Framework Conven tio n on Tobacco Con trol is part of the efforts to reduce deaths and diseases from smok ing.The WHO estimates that almost five million people die each year from lung cancer and other tobacco-related diseases. That nu mber could rise to ten milli on a year by 2020. Develop ing n atio ns are the biggest growth areas for tobacco-related diseases. These n ati ons are calli ng for the stro ngest laws possible to con trol tobacco. The treaty would ban advertis ing and other marketi ng campaig ns for tobacco products, where doing so would not violate a coun trys con stituti on .It also calls for high tobacco taxes. It would even require companies to make public all the substances they use to make cigarettes.In addition, tobacco companies would have to place health warnings on at least thirty perce nt of their products. These warnings could not in clude in formati on that might lead people to believe that some cigarettes are less harmful than others. In addition, governments would have to support treatme nt programs to help people stop smok ing. And, there would have to be educati on campaigns to get people not to start. The proposed treaty also calls for measures to protect non-smokers from sec on d-ha nd smoke, that is, smoke from other peoples tobacco.Task 4Thank you. And tha nk you for ask ing me to share in your weekly address to the America n people.Britai n and America have so much in com mon: Ian guage, values, belief in family and com mun ity, in a real sense of national pride. We share many problems, too. And it has bee n clear from our discussi ons that we are agreed, in gen eral terms, about some of the solutions.You took the tough decisions needed for Iong-term economic stability. We are doing so. You have focused on educati on, welfare reform, a new approach to crime. So are we. Together, we are breaking down boundaries of left and right and creating a new politics of the radical centre.Task 5【答案】A.1) b2) cB.1) e)2) f)3) b)4) d)5) a)6) c)C.1) The award recog ni zes wome ns actions in build ing peace, protect ing wome ns huma n rights and supporting community life during and after war.2) Because wome n can play a very importa nt role in re-establish ing no rmal com munity life after peace has bee n reached【原文】Each year, the Nobel Committee in Oslo, Norway announces the winners of its famous Nobel Prizes. Most winners of the Nobel Peace Prize have been men. Only ten percent have been women since the prize was first presented in 1901.Now the United Nations Development Fund for Women and the human rights group International Alert have presented a new award to honor women peacemakers. It is called the Mille nnium Peace Prize for Wome n. Officials will prese nt the award every three years. The award recog ni zes wome ns acti ons in buildi ng peace, protect ing wome ns huma n rights and support ing community life during and after war.Experts say wome n are usually not as in volved in the peace process as men are. However, their work to re-establish no rmal com munity life after peace has bee n reached is very importa nt. Because of this, Intern ati onal Alert says wome n also n eed to be recog ni zed as leaders in peace buildi ng.Earlier this month, six women and organizations received the Millennium Peace Prize for Women. One of the win ners is the Colombian group“ Ruta Pacifica de las MojeWsmensRoad to Peace. This group has orga ni zed protests aga inst the viole nee betwee n rebel groups and the Colombia n gover nment.The group “ LeitanaNehan Womens Development Agency ” also won the peace prize. It helped in the peace process between the military and rebel forces in Papua New Guinea. Another winner is the group Women in Black. It is an international organization that organizes protests aga inst viole nee, aggressi on and war.Flora Brovi na also received the peace prize. She orga ni zed the League of Alba nian Wome n of Kosovo. Doctor Brovi na has taught emerge ncy medical skills to people in Kosovo.Asma Jahangir and Hina Jilani are also peace prize winners. They worked to support human rights and womens rights in Pakistan. And the leader of the womens movement in Rwanda also won the Millennium Peace Prize, after her death. Veneranda Nzambazamariya helped re-build Rwanda after the mass killings in 1994. She died in a plane crash last year.Task 6【答案】A.1) Because of the outbreak of dengue fever.2) More than 80,000.3) Severe headaches, fever and vomiting.4) He considers it his government s biggest political weakness.B.1) The EU has banned all imports of animal products from the Netherlands.2) The Dutch government has confirmed four cases of foot-and-mouth disease.3) Only Britain and France have been affected by the disease.4) Officials have seized some sheep suspected of having mad cow disease.【原文】News Item 1Brazils new Health Minister Hosein Selar has sacked two senior health officials in Rio de Janeiro amid growing concern about the epidemic of dengue fever. More than 80,000 people in southeast Brazil have caught the mosquito-born disease which causes severe headaches, fever and vomiting. In some cases, it can be fatal. Our Brazil correspondent Steven Switch reports that President Fernando Henrique Cardoso regards the issue of health care as his governments biggest political weakness.News Item 2In agriculture news. The European Union has banned all imports of animal products from the Netherlands. The ban was ordered after the Dutch government confirmed four cases of foot-and-mouth disease there. Dutch officials have had all infected animals destroyed. Until now, only Britain and France have been affected by the animal disease. Also, in the American State of Vermont, officials seized some sheep suspected of having mad cow disease. More than 230 sheep were taken from a farm. The animals will be destroyed and tested for the disease.Task 7【答案】A.1) correspondent2) a Jamaican town3) the cruise liner4) an island in the Caribbean5) the Royal Navy vessel6) the hurricaneB.1) F2) F3) T4) T5) TC.Reference: In this exercise, students can use their own imagination and guess what might happen next.D.1) Yes。2) They had thought the ship would sink, so they went there for shelter.3) No.4) The Royal Navy frigate Steadfast would take them off the island.5) No. Apart from a few minor injuries there were no casualties.【原文】Part OneAnnouncer: . in Garderers Question Time at 2 oclock. And now over to Gordon Chartwell in the newsroom.Newsreader: Here is the news, read by Gordon Chartwell. The cruise liner, Princess of Wales, which ran aground last night off the island of St. Catherine in the Caribbean, is reported to be sinking. Heres a report from our correspondent in Jamaica, Graham Smith.Graham Smith: A weak radio signal was received here in Kingston a few hours ago from the radio operator on the 28,000-ton luxury cruise ship, the Princess of Wales. According to this message, the ship is taking in water and is starting to sink. All the passengers have been ordered into the lifeboats and told to make for the nearby island of St. Catherine, the coast of which is some 20 miles from the scene of the accident. In normal circumstances this would be an easy 3-hour trip, but with Hurricane Zelda approaching fast and blowing away from the island, its feared that some boats may not make it in time to the safety of the island. Once on the island, it would be possible for passengers and crew to shelter from the wind and await rescue. The Royal Navy frigate Steadfast is heading for St. Catherine at full speed but it may take her up to 24 hours to get there. So things look pretty grim for the 700 passengers and 420 crew at the moment. This is Graham Smith in Kingston, Jamaica.Newsreader: As soon as we have any further news we, will interrupt our programmes to bring it to you. And now the rest of the news. In Liverpool today the Prime Minister said in a speech.Part TwoAnnouncer: We interrupt this programme to take you over to the newsroom for a newsflash.Newsreader: This is Gordon Chartwell in the newsroom with a further report from our correspondent Graham Smith in Jamaica about the stranded liner, Princess of Wales.Graham Smith: A further signal has been picked up from the Princess of Wales within the past few minutes. According to this, the ship is now out of danger. Apparently the damage to the liner is not as serious as was originally thought and she is still completely seaworthy and out of danger. However, before this was realized, 5 of the lifeboats had bee n laun ched and about 200 passe ngers and crew had made their way to the island of St. Catherine where they are reported to be safe. For the time being they are likely to rema in on the isla nd. The rema ining 920 people are still on board the liner and in no dan ger. Although Hurrica ne Zelda has reached the isla nd, the wind seems to have blown itself out to some extent and although there are heavy seas, there is no dan ger for a ship of the size of the Prin cess of Wales. The ship is now clear of the rocks. The passengers and crew sheltering on the island will be brought off by the Royal Navy frigate Steadfast, which is now close to the area. Apart from a few mi nor injuries there are no casualties. This is Graham Smith retur ning you to the studio.Newsreader: There will be a further report in our main n ews at one oclock. And now back to Dow n Your Way.Task 8【答案】A.1) c2) c3) aB.Coun triesAttitudes Towards the TreatyThe USIt was one of the first countries that signed the treaty, but has withdrawn from it on the grounds that the treaty would weake n/harm America n economy.The EUIt strongly supports the treaty, and is also trving to push/persuade other countries to accept it.Jap anIt wants flexible rules allowing it to plant more trees rather than cut its pollutiongreatly, and to impose weaker penalties if it fails to fulfill its obligations.RussiaIt has not made the final decision, but wants firm guarantees of foreign investment in clea n tech no logy before ratifyi ng it.【原文】News Item 1The Europea n Union has officially approved the Kyoto Treaty on climate cha nge. Officials from all 15 EU states atte nded a ceremony Friday at the Un ited Nati ons in New York. However, the treaty still needs the approval of more countries to come into effect. The treaty limits the release by In dustrial coun tries of gases blamed for trapp ing heat in the atmosphere. The Un ited States was one of the first coun tries to sig n the Kyoto Treaty, but has since withdraw n. Preside nt Bush says the treaty could harm the America n economy.News Item 2Welcome to BBC World News, rm Nick Gowing. Environment ministers from 180 coun tries will start tryi ng to rescue the Kyoto Treaty on global warmi ng shortly. They join their officials who have bee n meet ing all week in the Germa n city of Bonn. The 1997 Kyoto agreeme nt commits industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The protocol was undermined in a major way in March when US President George W. Bush said it would weaken Americas economy.Its Beethoven who dominates the town square here and its unlikely that hell have to give up his place to a monument celebrating a conference which halted global warming. Ministers from over 180 countries have already agreed to global cuts in emissions of greenhouse gases 5 percent below the 1990 levels. But here they must decide how this will be achieved. Since George Bush pulled out of the deal, the argument is between Japan and Europe. The Japanese want flexible rules allowing them to plant more trees in place of steep cuts in pollution and weaker penalties for missing targets. Europe doesnt like it but really wants a deal.News Item 3A major international conference on climate change is to open in Moscow shortly with Russia coming under renewed pressure to sign the Kyoto Protocol. Thats the agreement to limit the industrial pollutants that are believed to contribute to global warming. The Kyoto Protocol of 1997 can only come into force when 55 percent of countries have signed up to it.With UnitedStates refusing to sign, ratification by Russia is crucial to the treatys success. From Moscow our environment correspondent Tim Hersch reports.President Putin himself called this conference in his own capital to discuss the latest signs of climate change and it had been thought he might use the opportunity to announce that his government was finally prepared to sign up to Kyoto, but comments from senior Kremlin officials have played down expectations, saying Russia wanted firm guarantees of foreign investment in clean technology before pressing ahead with ratification. The European Union and UN bodies have been putting pres-sure on Mr. Putin to end the delays so that international action against global warming could finally start six years after the Kyoto agreement was signed.Task 9【答案】I. September 19th; three days; child activists; non-government organizations A. actions2. a good education for all children3. the chance for all children to become an important part of their communities B. the progressII. seventy-one heads of state and government; a treaty aimed at improving the lives of children around the world; the rights of childrenIII.(former) world leaders; creators A. educating children B. protecting them from warC. fighting AIDS get involved; take action; work for change 【原文】The United Nations General Assembly will hold a special session on children beginning September Nineteenth. The meeting will bring together government leaders, child activists, non-government organizations and many young people. The three-day gathering will give officials a valuable chance to change how the world thinks about children.Eleven years ago, the U-N held a similar meeting called the World Summit for Children. During that conference, seventy-one heads of state and government signed a treaty aimed at improving the lives of children around the world. Efforts to reach the goals established in that treaty have made the rights of children an important issue.The UN agency for children, UNICEF, is supporting the special session. Officials are expected to produce a plan of action to guarantee that three important goals are reached. The goals are the bes