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人身体中最重要的器官是什么？大多数人会认为应当是心脏和大脑，有日本学者却认为，大脑会本能地追求快感，是将人们逼入肥胖境地的“笨蛋”。相比大脑，我们的肠道要显得更优异且值得人们去重视。日本免疫学者藤田玄一郎向大家介绍50岁以后该如何吃才能让肠道更健康，免疫力更出众！让人感到幸福的源头不是大脑而是肠道有说法称“肠道是第二大脑”，其实肠道比大脑更加出众，它是对于人体来说极为重要的脏器。肠内细菌不但具有消化功能，还肩负着合成维生素、激活免疫力将病原菌排出体外的重要功能。甚至，让人们产生幸福感的“幸福物质”多巴胺和血清素，其前驱物质也是由肠道细菌来合成并送入大脑的。可以毫不夸张地说，肠道才是让们保持年轻、预防疾病、感受幸福的器官。现代人因为饮食习惯的不断偏离，导致场内细菌数量急速减少，对于40-50岁男性来说，肠内细菌的数量仅仅为60年前的三分之一。这是因为人们对蔬菜的摄入量大大减少，导致膳食纤维的摄入量减少，膳食纤维的缺乏让肠内细菌缺乏饵食进而大量死亡。另外，现代食品工业中的食品添加剂、人们生活压力的日益增加等都是导致肠内细菌减少的主要原因。近年来，根据研究还发现，大气污染、电磁波、压力等都会导致体内产生活性氧，这些活性氧会攻击肠内细菌，对肠道健康产生负面影响。肠道不喜欢碳水化合物，应多吃膳食纤维50岁左右正是改变饮食习惯，体贴肠道的重要时期。这是因为人体在50岁左右时会改变对能量摄入的模式。人体体内，有两种提供能量的“引擎”，一种是将碳水化合物转换为糖类的“糖代谢引擎”，它属于快速产生能量的能量供给方式；另一种则是以氧气为源动力的“线粒体引擎”，它属于持续性提供能来拿个的能量供给方式。人在3、40岁时，这时能量提供模式仍以糖代谢模式为主，这种代谢模式以米饭、面包等碳水化合物为主。而到了50岁，人的能量提供模式会逐渐转换为线粒体代谢模式，这时就会以氧气作为主要的能量来源。但是如果到了50岁还大量摄入碳水化合物，人体的糖代谢模式会始终保持在活跃状态，而线粒体代谢模式则相对偏弱，此时摄入的氧气就会转换为活性氧，对肠道造成一定的伤害。因此，其实肠道对碳水化合物的需求并不大，而肠内细菌对膳食纤维的需求却很大，到了50岁以后，应当减少对碳水化合物的摄入，如减少白米饭、糕点、面包的摄入，而增加对膳食纤维的摄入，如多吃富含膳食纤维的绿叶蔬菜，选择性地多摄入一些富含膳食纤维的食材如豆类、全谷类食物，同时也可以多摄入部分含丰富可溶性膳食纤维的食物如菌藻类食物。藤田表示：“大脑会对性欲及食欲产生忠实的快感。一旦大脑发现某种食物很好吃，就会发出多吃点的需求指令，这就是为什么大多数人都不加控制地吃，最终导致生活习惯病全面爆发的根本原因。现代人应当学会拒绝大脑的诱惑，聆听肠道的需求，才能吃得更加健康。”观察粪便判断肠道健康，有针对性地吃人的粪便有80%都是水分，剩下的物质中，三分之一是肠内细菌，三分之一是被淘汰的肠道细胞，还有三分之一是不可消化的食物残渣。臭味少、金黄色的粪便可以说是最健康的粪便，它表示你的肠道健康处于良好状态。反之，如果粪便臭不可闻甚至粪便处于黑色、干涩状态，则是肠道在向人们发出警讯：你该重视自己的肠道健康了。这时候，应当多摄入富含膳食纤维的蔬菜和水果，富含乳酸菌的酸奶、腐乳等发酵类食品，尤其是深色蔬菜还能够帮助人体去除体内的活性氧，多吃深色蔬菜可谓是一箭双雕的行为。另外，藤田表示，尽管人们需要保持卫生，但从免疫学的角度来说，生活环境不要太干净或许会更有利于人们的身体健康。让自己的身边保持一定的细菌能够让肠道更加健康，过分清洁会使肠道细菌减少，人体免疫力降低，进而导致容易生病、容易过敏等。Whatisthehumanbodyisthemostimportantorgan?Mostpeoplewouldthinkthatshouldbetheheartandbrain,Japanesescholarsbelievethatthebrainwillinstinctivelyseekpleasure,isthesituationofobesepeoplehornsstupid.Comparedtothebrain,ourguttoappearmoreexcellentandworthypeopletopayattention.JapaneseimmunologistHyunIchiroFujitatoldyouhowtoeataftertheageof50tomakemorehealthyintestinalimmunityismoresuperior!PThereareclaimsthatthegutisasecondbrainisactuallymoresuperiorthanthegutbrain,itisextremelyimportantforthehumanbodyorgans.Notonlyhastheintestinalbacteriadigestivefunction,butalsoshoulderthesyntheticvitamin,activatetheimmunesystemtodischargetheimportantfunctionsofpathogensinvitro.EvenallowpeopletoproducehappinessHappinesssubstanceofdopamineandserotonin,whichisalsotheprecursorsynthesizedbytheintestinalbacteriaandintothebrain.Itisnoexaggerationtosaythatthegutistoletthemstayyoung,diseaseprevention,feelingsofhappinessorgans.Becausethemoderndietcontinuestodeviate,resultinginrapidreductioninthenumberofbacteriainsidefor40-50yearoldmen,thenumberofintestinalbacteriaisonlyone-third60yearsago.Thisisbecausepeopleonvegetableintakeisgreatlyreduced,resultinginreducedintakeofdietaryfiber,lackofdietaryfibersothatthelackofintestinalbacteriaandthusalargenumberofdeadprey.Inaddition,themodernfoodindustryfoodadditives,increasingpressureonpeopleslivesandsoarethemainreasonleadingtoreducedintestinalbacteria.Inrecentyears,accordingtothestudyalsofoundthatairpollution,electromagnetic,pressurewillcausethegenerationofreactiveoxygeninvivo,thesereactiveoxygenwillattacktheintestinalbacteria,Intestinalnotlikecarbohydrates,dietaryfibershouldeatItisabout50yearsoldtochangetheireatinghabits,thoughtfulintestinalimportantperiod.Thisisbecausethebodywillchangethemodeofenergyintakeisabout50yearsold.Humanbody,therearetwoenergyprovidingengine,oneistoconvertcarbohydratestosugarssugarmetabolicengines,whichbelongstothefastwayofsupplyingenergytogenerateenergy;oxygenasanalternativesourceofpowerisbasedthemitochondrialengine,whichbelongstocontinuingtoprovideenergysupplycouldcomegetaway.3,40peopleage,whenenergydeliverymodelisstillthemainmodeofglucosemetabolism,themetabolicpatterninrice,breadandothercarbohydrate-based.Bytheageof50,thehumanenergydeliverymodelwillgraduallybeconvertedtomitochondrialmetabolicmode,thenitwillwithoxygenasthemainsourceofenergy.Butifthe50-year-oldisalsoahighintakeofcarbohydrates,thebodysglucosemetabolismpatternwillremaininanactivestate,andmitochondrialmetabolicpatternisrelativelyweak,oxygenintakeatthistimewillbeconvertedtoreactiveoxygenspecies,causingintestinalsomedamage.So,infact,thedemandforintestinalcarbohydrateisnotlarge,butintestinalbacteriademandfordietaryfiberisgreat,to50yearsofage,shouldreducetheintakeofcarbohydrates,suchasreducingwhiterice,pastries,breadintake,increasingdietaryfiberintake,eatfoodsrichindietaryfibersuchasgreenleafyvegetables,selectiveintakeofdietaryfiber-richfoodsuchasbeans,wholegrains,Fujitasaid:Thebrainwillproduceloyallibidoandappetitefindsomekindofpleasureoncethebrainfoodgoodtoeat,willsendeatneedsinstruction,whichiswhymostpeopledonotuncontrolled.eat,eventuallyleadingtotherootcausesoftheoutbreakoflifestyle-relateddiseases.modernbrainmustlearntoresistthetemptationtolistentotheneedsoftheintestine,toeatmorehealthy.Judgeobservedfecalintestinalhealth,targetedtoeatHumanfecesare80%water,therestofthematerial,thethirdistheintestinalbacteria,one-thirdoftheintestinalcellsareeliminated,aswellasone-thirdofnon-digestiblefoodresidue.Lessodor,goldenstoolisarguablythemosthealthystool,itmeansthatyourintestinalhealthingoodcondition.Conversely,ifthefecaldroppingsstinkeveninblack,drystate,itistowarnpeopleinthegut:Youshouldpayattentiontotheirguthealthier.Atthistime,itshouldberichindietaryfiberintakeofvegetablesandfruitsrichinlacticacidbacteriafermentedyogurt,fermentedbeancurdandotherfoods,especiallydarkvegetablescanalsohelpthebodytoremovethebodyofreactiveoxygenspecies,eatvegetablescanbedescribedasdarkdouble-edgedswordbehavior.Inaddition,Fujitasaid,despitetheneedtomaintainhealth,butfromtheperspectiveofimmunology,lifeisnottoocleanenvironmentmaybemoreconducivetopeopleshealth.Lethissidetomaintainacertaingutbacteriacanmakemorehealthy,toocleanwillreduceintestinalbacteria,reducingthebodysimmunesystem,leadingtoeasytogetsick,pronetoallergiesandsoon.www.hp-
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