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阅读技巧 成考英语阅读理解答题技巧 1.通读全文 2.找出题干中的 关键词 3.找出会有 关键词的关键句 一、如何做主旨大意题 1. 要搞清的是问某一段还是全文的大意，可利用 文中主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳，概括 文章的主题。 2. 如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信 息。 3. 任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此， 许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现 的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它， 便容易抓住文章的中心。 1). 主题型主旨大意题的题干表现形式 : The main idea of the passage is The passage is mainly about Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? What is the passage mainly about? 2). 目的类主旨大意题 The passage is meant to . The purpose of this article is to 3). 标题类主旨大意题 The best title for the passage might be 应试技巧 如何寻找主题句 Sample 1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast-foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. （ 1）主题句在段首 Sample 2 Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. （ 2）主题句在段尾 Sample 3 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out. （ 3）在短文中间 return 二、推断题 1. (1) (2)推理的根据来自于上下文。 2. (1) It can be inferred from the text that _. (2) From the text we know that _. (3) The story implies that _. (4) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be _. (5) The writers attitude towardis _. 3.解推断 题的方法： 解推断题 最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。 Example 1 One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“ I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂 ) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well ，” replied the man，“ Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.” Q： The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was _. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects 三、细节理解题 细节理解题就是我们常见的 wh-题，它们大多是 根据 文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、 过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章 中直接找到答案，有些则要我们在理解的基础上 将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、 是非判断、图形比较等。做此类题的方法一般是 先用寻读法找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对 相关的部分进行细读，找出正确答案。 This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road， which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. The elevator goes down forty-four stories from the road to the bottom. There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco. Thousands of people worked on this dam for five years. This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936. Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States. Hoover Dam， one of the highest dams in the world， is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada. 1.直接事实题 Q： Hoover Dam lies _. A. between Arizona and Nevada B. in the Black Canyon C. between New York and San Francisco D. both A and B 2.间接事实题 : Invited by Mr. Ye Huixian, host of the well received TV programme “Stars Tonight”， Miss Luo Lin, Miss Asia of 1991， appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday. Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old， Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia. Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess. Before she took part in the competition, she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years. However， it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and other proper manners, designed by the Asia TV Station. Q： Which of the following is NOT true? A. Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai. B. Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents. C. Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991. D. Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia. return 四、词义理解题 做此类题时，应尽可能地利用生词所在的上下文 来猜测词义，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上 下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需 依靠构词法。 Example 1 Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tonnes of CO2 each year: equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year. Q The underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means_. A cleaning up B taking in C wiping out D giving out Example 2 Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day, an extremely exciting horse race. All the riders run very fast on horseback. Some riders hang off the side of their saddles(马鞍 ） . Some even ride upside down-their legs and feet straight up in the air- all at full speed. Q: The underlined word “finale” in the fourth paragraph most probably means the_ of the opening day. A first part B middle C last part D whole return I: English is clearly an international language. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the worlds radio programs are in English. EX 1 Please find out the key sentence of the following passages. 主旨题 推理题 exercise 1 Clocks and other timepieces were set ahead one hour at 2:00 AM on Sunday, May 4 so that 2:00 AM became 3:00 AM. They should turn back one hour at 2:00 AM on Sunday, September 14. Q: According to the passage, we know that _ people should turn their clocks back one hour that year. A. in 132 days B. in 133 days C. in 134 days D. in 4 months return
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