netlogo社科模型

AIDS This model simulates the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), via sexual transmission, through a small isolated human population. It therefore illustrates the effects of certain sexual practices across a population. 艾滋病该模型模拟人类免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒），通过性传播，通过一个小的隔离人群的传播。因此，它说明了在一个人口的某些性行为的影响。Altruism This model (and Cooperation and Divide the Cake) are part of the EACH unit (Evolution of Altruistic and Cooperative Habits: Learning About Complexity in Evolution). See http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/cm/EACH/ for more information on the EACH unit. The EACH unit is embedded within the BEAGLE (Biological Experiments in Adaptation, Genetics, Learning and Evolution) evolution curriculum. (See http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/curriculum/simevolution/beagle.shtml .) 利他主义这种模式（和合作和分蛋糕）是每一个单元的一部分（“利他与合作习惯的进化：进化论的复杂性”）。看到在每个单元的更多信息http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/cm/each/。每个单元是嵌入在Beagle（生物学实验中的适应，学习和进化遗传学，进化课程）。（见http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/curriculum/simevolution/beagle.shtml。）Cooperation This model (and Altruism and Divide the Cake) are part of the EACH unit (Evolution of Altruistic and Cooperative Habits: Learning About Complexity in Evolution). See http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/cm/EACH/ for more information on the EACH unit. The EACH unit is embedded within the BEAGLE (Biological Experiments in Adaptation, Genetics, Learning and Evolution) evolution curriculum. (See http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/curriculum/simevolution/beagle.shtml .) 合作这种模式（和利他主义和分蛋糕）是每一个单元的一部分（“利他与合作习惯的进化：进化论的复杂性”）。看到在每个单元的更多信息http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/cm/each/。每个单元是嵌入在Beagle（生物学实验中的适应，学习和进化遗传学，进化课程）。（见http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/curriculum/simevolution/beagle.shtml。）El Farol El Farol is a bar in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The bar is popular - especially on Thursday nights when they offer Irish music - but sometimes becomes overcrowded and unpleasant. In fact, if the patrons of the bar think it will be overcrowded they stay home; otherwise they go enjoy themselves at El Farol. This model explores what happens to the overall attendance at the bar on these popular Thursday evenings, as the patrons use different strategies for determining how crowded they think the bar will be. El FarolEl Farol是圣达菲的一个酒吧，新墨西哥。酒吧很受欢迎，尤其是在星期四晚上，他们会提供爱尔兰音乐，但有时会变得拥挤不堪。事实上，如果酒吧的顾客认为这将是人满为患，他们呆在家里；否则他们去El Farol享受自己。这个模型探讨了在这些流行的星期四晚上，当顾客使用不同的策略来确定他们认为酒吧会有多拥挤时，会出现什么情况，这是什么样的整体出席的。Ethnocentrism This model, due to Robert Axelrod and Ross A. Hammond, suggests that ethnocentric behavior can evolve under a wide variety of conditions, even when there are no native ethnocentrics and no way to differentiate between agent types. Agents compete for limited space via Prisoner Dilemmas type interactions. Ethnocentric agents treat agents within their group more beneficially than those outside their group. The model includes a mechanism for inheritance (genetic or cultural) of strategies. 民族中心主义这个模型中，由于罗伯特阿克塞尔罗德和罗斯哈蒙德，提出“民族中心主义”的行为可以演化出各种各样的条件下，即使没有本土的“ethnocentrics”并没有办法区分代理类型。代理竞争有限的空间，通过囚徒困境的类型的相互作用。种族中心主义的”药物治疗剂在集团内更有益的比外面的群体。该模型包括一个机制，遗传（遗传或文化）的策略。Hotellings Law This model is a representation of Hotellings law (1929), which examines the optimal placement of stores and pricing of their goods in order to maximize profit. In Hotellings original paper, the stores were confined to a single dimension. This model replicates and extends Hotellings law, by allowing the stores to move freely on a plane. 霍特林的法这个模型是Hotelling定律的表示（1929），检查他们的商店里的商品定价的最佳位置以利润最大化。在Hotelling的原始论文，商店被局限于一个单一的维度。该模型复制和扩展Hotelling法则，通过允许商店在一个平面上自由移动。Language Change This model explores how the properties of language users and the structure of their social networks can affect the course of language change. 语言变化该模型探讨了语言使用者的属性和社会网络结构如何影响语言变化过程。Minority Game This is a simplified model of an economic market. In each time step, agents choose one of two sides, 0 or 1, and those on the minority side win a point. This problem is inspired by the El Farol bar problem. Each agent uses a finite set of strategies to make their decision based upon past record; however, the record consists only of which side, 0 or 1, was in the minority, not the actual population count of how many chose each side. 少数派游戏这是一个经济市场的简化模型。在每一个时间步，代理人选择一个双方，0或1，和那些对少数人赢得了点。这个问题是由“El Farol酒吧”问题。每个代理使用一组有限的策略，以使他们的决定根据过去的记录，但是，记录的记录只包含1或0，是在少数，而不是实际的人口数量多少选择每边。Oil Cartel HubNet This is a collaborative exploration of the economics of a market with imperfect competition. As members of a cartel, participants experience how jointly determined price and quantity decisions can be advantageous to suppliers, harmful to consumers, but also why a cartel is so difficult to sustain. In this version of Oil Cartel, cartel members face differing profit expectations, and set production and pricing strategies in an attempt to meet those expectations. They respond to each others behavior by altering their strategies. 石油卡特尔的HUBNET这是一个不完全竞争的市场经济的协同探索。作为一个卡特尔的成员，参与者的经验如何共同决定价格和数量的决定可能是有利的供应商，对消费者有害，但也为什么一个卡特尔是如此难以维持。在这个版本的石油卡特尔，卡特尔成员面临着不同的利润预期，并制定生产和定价策略，以满足这些期望。他们通过改变他们的策略对对方的行为做出反应。Party This is a model of a cocktail party. The men and women at the party form groups. A party-goer becomes uncomfortable and switches groups if their current group has too many members of the opposite sex. What types of group result? 方这是一个鸡尾酒会的典范。党的男人和女人组成团体。一方的人变得不舒服和开关组，如果他们目前的集团有异性太多的成员。小组的结果是什么？Paths This is a model about how paths emerge along commonly traveled routes. People tend to take routes that other travelers before them have taken, making them more popular and causing other travelers to follow those same routes. This can be used to determine an ideal set of routes between a set of points of interest without needing a central planner. Paths emerge from routes that travelers share. 路径这是一个关于路径如何沿着通常的路径出现的模型。人们倾向于在他们面前的其他旅客的路线，使他们更受欢迎，并导致其他旅客遵循相同的路线。这可用于确定一组感兴趣的集合点，而不需要一个中央规划的一组理想的集合。路径出现的路线，旅客分享。Rebellion This project models the rebellion of a subjugated population against a central authority. It is is an adaptation of Joshua Epsteins model of civil violence (2002). 叛乱这个项目的一个被征服的人口模型对中央权威的反叛。它是一个适应的爱泼斯坦约书亚的民事暴力模型（2002）。Rumor Mill This program models the spread of a rumor. The rumor spreads when a person who knows the rumor tells one of their neighbors. In other words, spatial proximity is a determining factor as to how soon (and perhaps how often) a given individual will hear the rumor. 谣言磨这个节目模型谣言的传播。当一个人知道这个谣言告诉他们的一个邻居。换句话说，空间的接近是一个决定因素，因为很快（或许多久）一个给定的个人会听到的谣言。Scatter This model simulates students ideas about scattering, which takes place just before exercising in gym. The students in a class start out all bunched up, and the teacher asks them to spread out or scatter. This simulation shows the spread of the group when the individual students follow simple rules to decide whether to move and where. The scatterers move according to rules that were gleaned from several interviews with sixth-grade students. 散射该模型模拟了学生在体育运动中所需要的散射问题的思想。在一个班的学生一开始都挤在一起，和老师要求他们分散或分散。这一模拟结果显示，当个别学生遵循简单的规则来决定是否移动和在哪里时，该组的传播。根据规定，从第六年级学生访谈收集的散射体的移动。Segregation This project models the behavior of two types of agents in a neighborhood. The red agents and green agents get along with one another. But each agent wants to make sure that it lives near some of its own. That is, each red agent wants to live near at least some red agents, and each green agent wants to live near at least some green agents. The simulation shows how these individual preferences ripple through the neighborhood, leading to large-scale patterns. 隔离该项目模型的行为的2种类型的代理在附近。红剂和绿剂彼此相处。但每个代理都要确保它生活在“它自己的”附近，也就是说，每一个红色的代理商都希望至少能有一些红色的代理商，而每一个绿色的代理商都希望生活在至少一些绿色的代理商附近。仿真结果表明，这些个人喜好纹波通过附近，导致大规模的模式。Simple Birth Rates This is a simple model of population genetics. There are two populations, the REDS and the BLUES. Each has settable birth rates. The reds and blues move around and reproduce according to their birth rates. When the carrying capacity of the terrain is exceeded, some agents die (each agent has the same chance of being selected for death) to maintain a relatively constant population. The model allows you to explore how differential birth rates affect the ratio of reds to blues. 简单出生率这是一个简单的群体遗传学模型。有2个群体，红色和蓝色。每个设置的出生率。红色和蓝色的移动，根据他们的出生率。当地形的承载能力被超过时，某些代理死亡（每个代理都有相同的机会选择死亡），以保持相对恒定的人口。该模型可以让你探索如何差分出生率影响的比例，红色的蓝色。Sugarscape 1 Immediate Growback This first model in the NetLogo Sugarscape suite implements Epstein & Axtells Sugarscape Immediate Growback model, as described in chapter 2 of their book Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up. It simulates a population with limited, spatially-distributed resources available. 1立即SUGARSCAPE了厚度不均匀在Netlogo Sugarscape套件实现了爱泼斯坦和阿克斯特尔Sugarscape立即了厚度不均匀模型这一模型，在他们的书越来越多的人工社会2章：社会科学从底部。它模拟了一个有限的，空间分布的资源可用的人口。Sugarscape 2 Constant Growback This second model in the NetLogo Sugarscape suite implements Epstein & Axtells Sugarscape Constant Growback model, as described in chapter 2 of their book Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up. It simulates a population with limited, spatially-distributed resources available. It differs from Sugarscape 1 Immediate Growback in that the growback of sugar is gradual rather than instantaneous. SUGARSCAPE 2恒了厚度不均匀在Netlogo Sugarscape套件实现了爱泼斯坦和阿克斯特尔Sugarscape定了厚度不均匀模型第二模型，在他们的书越来越多的人工社会2章：社会科学从底部。它模拟了一个有限的，空间分布的资源可用的人口。它不同于直接了厚度不均匀，Sugarscape 1糖了厚度不均匀是渐进的而不是瞬时。Sugarscape 3 Wealth Distribution This third model in the NetLogo Sugarscape suite implements Epstein & Axtells Sugarscape Wealth Distribution model, as described in chapter 2 of their book Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up. It provides a ground-up simulation of inequality in wealth. Only a minority of the population have above average wealth, while most agents have wealth near the same level as the initial endowment. SUGARSCAPE 3财富分配在Netlogo Sugarscape套件实现了爱泼斯坦和阿克斯特尔Sugarscape财富分布模型这第三个模型，在他们的书越来越多的人工社会2章：社会科学从底部。它为财富的不平等提供了一个模拟的基础。只有少数群体的财富超过平均水平，而大多数的代理人拥有财富接近同一水平的初始禀赋。Team Assembly This model of collaboration networks illustrates how the behavior of individuals in assembling small teams for short-term projects can give rise to a variety of large-scale network structures over time. It is an adaptation of the team assembly model presented by Guimera, Uzzi, Spiro & Amaral (2005). The rules of the model draw upon observations of collaboration networks ranging from Broadway productions to scientific publications in psychology and astronomy. 团队组装这种协作网络模型说明了如何在组装小团队的短期项目，个人的行为可以产生各种大型网络结构随着时间的推移。它是由吉梅拉，乌西的团队提出了装配模型的一种适应，螺和阿马拉尔（2005）。模型得出的规则，从百老汇的作品，在心理学和天文学的科学出版物的合作网络的意见。Traffic Basic This model models the movement of cars on a highway. Each car follows a simple set of rules: it slows down (decelerates) if it sees a car close ahead, and speeds up (accelerates) if it doesnt see a car ahead. 交通基础该模型模型的汽车在公路上的运动。每辆车都遵循一个简单的规则：它减慢（减速）如果看到车近未来，并加快（加速）如果见不到一辆车前面。Traffic Grid This is a model of traffic moving in a city grid. It allows you to control traffic lights and global variables, such as the speed limit and the number of cars, and explore traffic dynamics. 交通网格这是一个在城市网格中移动的交通模型。它允许你控制交通灯和全局变量，如速度限制和汽车的数量，并探讨交通动力学。Voting This model is a simple cellular automaton that simulates voting distribution by having each patch take a vote of its eight surrounding neighbors, then perhaps change its own vote according to the outcome. 投票这个模型是一个简单的元胞自动机模拟投票分配，每一个补丁采取“投票”的八个周围的邻居，然后可能改变自己的投票结果。Wealth Distribution This model simulates the distribution of wealth. The rich get richer and the poor get poorer is a familiar saying that expresses inequity in the distribution of wealth. In this simulation, we see Paretos law, in which there are a large number of poor or red people, fewer middle class or green people, and many fewer rich or blue people. 财富分配这个模型模拟财富的分配。”富人越富，穷人越穷，这是一种常见的说法，表达了财富分配的不平等。在这个模拟中，我们看到了帕累托定律，其中有大量的“穷人”或红色的人，较少的“中产阶级”或绿色的人，和许多较少的“富人”或蓝色的人。Artificial Anasazi This model simulates the population dynamics in the Long house Valley in Arizona between 800 and 1400. It is based on archaeological records of occupation in Long House Valley and shows that environmental variability alone can not explain the population collapse around 1350. The model is a replication of the work of Dean et al. (see references below). 人工阿纳萨齐人该模型模拟了在亚利桑那州的1400和800之间的长屋谷的人口动态。它是基于在漫长的房子山谷的占领的考古记录，并显示，环境的变化不能解释人口崩溃约1350。该模型是一个复制的院长等人的工作。（见参考文献）。Bank Reserves This program models the creation of money in an economy through a private banking system. As most of the money in the economy is kept in banks but only little of it needs to be used (i.e. in cash form) at any one time, the banks need only keep a small portion of their savings on-hand for those transactions. This portion of the total savings is known as the banks reserves. 银行准备金这个项目通过一个私人银行体系在经济上创造了资金。由于经济中的大部分资金被存放在银行里，但在任何一个时间里，它都需要使用（即以现金形式），银行只需要在手上留一小部分的钱来进行交易。这部分的储蓄总额被称为银行的储备。Cash Flow This model is a simple extension of the model Bank Reserves. The purpose of the model is to help the user examine whether there is a relationship between the reserve ratio that banks must keep and the degree of equality in the distribution of the money that exist in the system. 现金流该模型是一个简单的扩展模型的“银行储备”。该模型的目的是帮助用户检查是否有存款准备金率之间的关系，银行必须保持和在系统中存在的钱的分配的平等程度。Divide The Cake This model (and Cooperation and Altruism) are part of the EACH curriculum: Evolution of Altruistic and Cooperative Habits: Learning About Complexity in Evolution. See http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/cm/EACH/ for more information. 分蛋糕这种模式（和合作和利他行为）是每一个课程的一部分：“利他与合作习惯的进化：进化论的复杂性”。更多信息见http:/ccl.northwestern.edu/cm/each/。El Farol Network Congestion El Farol is a bar in Santa Fe. The bar is popular, but becomes overcrowded when too many patrons attend. Patrons are happy when less than a certain amount of patrons attend, say 60 for example, but they are unhappy when more than some other amount of patrons attend, say 70. What will happen as time passes and people have pleasant or unpleasant experiences? El Farol网络拥塞El Farol酒吧是圣达菲。酒吧很受欢迎，但当太多顾客参加的时候，就变得拥挤不堪了。顾客们很高兴，当不到一定数量的顾客参加，例如60，但他们不高兴时，超过了一些其他的顾客参加，说70。当时间流逝，人们会有愉快或不愉快的经历，会发生什么？Prisoners Dilemma Basic You and your partner have been arrested for robbing a bank and find yourselves in the classic prisoners dilemma. The police place each of you into separate rooms and come to you with the following proposal. 囚徒困境你和你的同伴因为抢劫银行而被逮捕，发现自己处于进退两难的境地。警察将你们每个人分到不同的房间里，然后向你提出以下建议Prisoners Dilemma Basic Evolutionary One of the most prominently studied phenomena in Game Theory is the Prisoners Dilemma. The Prisoners Dilemma, which was formulated by Melvin Drescher and Merrill Flood and named by Albert W. Tucker, is an example of a class of games called non-zero-sum games. 囚徒困境的基本进化一个博弈论中最突出的现象是研究的“囚徒困境”。囚徒困境，这是由梅尔文Drescher和美林洪水制定和艾伯特W.塔克命名，是一类游戏的称为非零和游戏的一个例子。Prisoners Dilemma N-Person Iterated This model is a multiplayer version of the iterated prisoners dilemma. It is intended to explore the strategic implications that emerge when the world consists entirely of prisoners dilemma like interactions. If you are unfamiliar with the basic concepts of the prisoners dilemma or the iterated prisoners dilemma, please refer to the PD BASIC and PD TWO PERSON ITERATED models found in the PRISONERS DILEMMA suite. 多人重复囚徒困境这个模型是一个多人版本的重复囚徒的困境。它的目的是探索的战略意义，出现时，世界完全由囚徒的困境，如相互作用。如果你不熟悉囚徒困境的基本概念和重复囚徒困境，请参阅囚徒困境中的局部放电和局部放电模型。Prisoners Dilemma Two Person Iterated This model is an iterated version of the prisoners dilemma. If you are unfamiliar with the basic concepts of the prisoners dilemma, please refer to the PD Basic model found in the Prisoners Dilemma suite. 囚徒困境2人反复这个模型是一个重复的囚徒困境的版本。如果你对囚徒困境的基本概念不熟悉，请参考囚徒困境中的局部放电基本模型。Traffic 2 Lanes This project is a more sophisticated two-lane version of the Traffic Basic model. Much like the simpler model, this model demonstrates how traffic jams can form. In the two-lane version, drivers have a new option; they can react by changing lanes, although this often does little to solve their problem. 交通2车道这个项目是一个比较先进的双车道版本的“交通基本”模式。很像简单的模型，这个模型演示了如何交通拥堵可以形成。在双车道的版本中，驾驶者有一个新的选择，他们可以通过改变车道做出反应，虽然这往往不能解决他们的问题。Traffic Intersection In this model the turtles are cars traveling through an intersection. The user has the ability to control the frequency of cars coming from each direction, the speed of the cars, and the timing of the light at the traffic intersection. Once the frequency and speed of cars is selected, the user should run the simulation and adjust the timing of the traffic light so as to minimize the amount of waiting time of cars traveling through the intersection. 交通路口在这个模型中，海龟是通过交叉口行驶的汽车。用户有能力控制来自每个方向的汽车的频率，汽车的速度，和在交通路口的光的时间。一旦选择汽车的频率和速度，用户应该运行模拟和调整的时间，交通灯，以尽量减少等待时间的车辆通过交叉口行驶。