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考点十一特殊句式 限时25分钟一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1It was last Saturday _ we visited the History Museum.答案that此句为强调句型，其中被强调的部分是last Saturday。2When _ (return) home, I met my old friend Paul in the street.答案returning句意：当我回家时，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保罗。return的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且二者之间是主动关系，故填现在分词形式。when returning home是when I returned home的省略。3There _ (exist) an ancient temple in this town, which attracts many visitors.答案exists地点副词位于句首时，应使用全部倒装，此句的主语是an ancient temple，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。4Did you have a good time?Certainly. I _ (do) enjoy the dishes he cooked.答案did由上下文的did, cooked可知，说的是过去的事情，因此用did强调句子中谓语动词enjoy。5Oh, that is a good one. _ do you know that hospital?The ads of course.答案How句意：噢，那家医院很好。你是怎么知道那家医院的？当然是通过广告。根据答语判断，特殊疑问句询问的是方法、方式，故填How。6I wont go to the party tonight even if _(invite)答案invited此句中even if后省略了I am，因此应用invited。7Not only _ I interested in the photography, but I took a course at university.答案am句意：我不仅对摄影感兴趣，在大学里我还上过摄影课。not only位于句首时，所在分句用部分倒装。8It was only _ I got his letter that I knew what had happened to him.答案when此句是强调句型，强调时间状语only when I got his letter。去掉强调结构，此句为“I knew what had happened to him only when I got his letter.”。9I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend._ (sound) good.答案Sounds答句为省略句，其完整形式为It sounds good。10_ by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated.答案Only句意：只有将医生的人数增加50%，病人才能得到恰当的治疗。此句是部分倒装，即由“only状语”引出的倒装句。11_ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before.答案What此句是感叹句，属于“what a/an adj. n. 主语谓语”结构。12This is not my story; nor _ it the whole story. My story plays out differently.答案isnor为否定词，位于句首时应用部分倒装的形式，结构为“nor系动词/助动词/情态动词主语”。13_ (knock) at the door before you enter my room, please.答案Knock句意：进我的房间前请你先敲门。本句为祈使句，故用动词原形。14I have no idea why it is _ he will go there with her.答案that 句意：我不知道他为什么要跟她去那里。idea后面是why引导的同位语从句，为强调句型。15Never before _ I seen such a wonderful park, where Id like to pay a visit again.答案have 句意：我从没见过这么美丽的公园，我想再参观一次。否定副词短语放在句首，句子要用部分倒装形式；never before常与现在完成时连用。 16While _ (repair) the roof, he found a great secret in the chimney.答案repairing此句是连词后“主语be”的省略。此句中while后省略了he was，因此应填repairing。17Only then _ she realize how serious the situation had been.答案did 句意：只在那时她才意识到形势有多严峻。“only副词”放在句首时，要使用部分倒装；由had been可知，该句为过去时，故填did。18Though _(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.答案surprised此句是连词后省略了“主语be”。此句中though后省略了the professor was，因此应填surprised。19Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs, _ you could have problems.答案or/otherwise句意：在关掉所有的程序之前不要关电脑，要不然你会遇到问题的。此句是并列句。or/otherwise“否则，要不然”。20Carrie laughed, nodding as if _ (say) she understood. Her eyes gleamed (闪光)答案saying此处为as if后的省略。此处as if saying相当于as if she were saying。21Little _ she care what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance.答案does句意：她不在乎自己的外表，她在乎的是自己的工作业绩。表否定意义的词位于句首，后面的句子要用部分倒装。22Ive read another book this week.Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.答案it这是一个强调句型，故用it。23Every day _ (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.答案read句意：每天大声朗读一条谚语，朗读几遍直到记住为止。此句是祈使句，应用动词原形开头，Every day是时间状语前置句首。24Before you quit your job, _ (consider) how your family would feel about your decision.答案consider句意：你在辞掉工作之前，要考虑你家人对你决定的感受。此句为祈使句，故用动词原形。25Child _ he is, he can speak three languages.答案as/though句意：尽管他还只是个孩子，但是他会说三种语言。as/though意为“尽管”时，常用于倒装句型。26Only _ he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again.答案when/if句意：只有在他为自己的无礼道歉时，我才会再理他。“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句需用部分倒装。27Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ he consider having a holiday abroad.答案did句意：直到三年前从教育行业退休以后，他才考虑到国外度假。not until位于句首，主句用部分倒装。根据时间状语three years ago, 可知应用did。28The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, _ will he even give it a thought.答案nor/neither句意：校长不会允许课程变化，他甚至也不会去考虑。“nor/neither助动词/系动词/情态动词主语”是部分倒装结构，意为“也不”。29At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialingjiang River _ (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.答案lies介词短语“At the meeting place of.”放在句首，作地点状语，句子要用完全倒装语序。30The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _ (not)答案not to句意：这个司机想把车停在路边，但被警察告知不要这么做。此处考查省略。空格处补全为not to park his car near the roadside。二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。1At home, there has a CD player in my room, and the music is on all the time._答案hasis句意：在家里我的房间里有一台CD播放器，一直播放着音乐。前一分句为there be句型。has后为名词a CD player, 故将has改为is。2That is he who often helps me with my English._答案ThatIt本句为强调句型“It is.that/who.”，强调主语he。3Well, I do think the horse is a useful animal.So it does._答案doesis句意：我认为马是很有用的动物。 的确是。分析句意可知，第二句是表示进一步的强调，肯定、赞同前面说过的话，意为“确实如此，确实是这样”，故将does改为is。4Between each of the morning classes were an interval, when the students can have a short break._答案werewas介词短语置于句首时，应用全部倒装，句子的主语是an interval，因此用was。5So loudly Nathan sing that even people in the next room could hear him._答案Nathan前加didso位于句首时，应用部分倒装，由后面的could可知，应用助动词did。6It was not the students that was angry, but their teacher._答案第二个waswere分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型。将It was和that去掉后，则不难看出was angry的主语是students，故将was改为were。7How a strange plant! Ive never seen it before._答案HowWhat前一句是一个感叹句。what修饰名词或名词短语。8I dont do much sport now, but I do play football when I was young._答案第二个dodid由when I was young可知，是对过去动作的强调，故应用did。9It was in the village where he spent much of his childhood._答案wherethat分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，故将where改为that。10Pretty although she is, she is not proud._答案althoughas/thoughas/though意为“尽管”，当as/though引导让步状语从句时句子应用部分倒装。although则无此用法。11How is it that makes her different from others?_答案HowWhat本句是带有强调结构的特殊疑问句。分析句子成分可知，该句缺主语，故将How改为What。12John did worked so hard last month that he passed the exam._答案workedwork“助动词do/does/did动词原形”可用来表示强调，故将worked改为work。13Im sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test.How can that be? I did it as tell in class!_答案第二个telltold答语中后一个句子的状语从句为省略“主语be”的形式。tell的逻辑主语为I，两者之间为被动关系，故将tell改为told。14A bit more effort, I think, so you will settle the problem._答案soand先把插入语I think去掉，则不难看出A bit more effort为省去动词的祈使句，所以此句为“祈使句and陈述句”结构。15Not until my son had entered the college he realize the importance of time._答案he前加didnot until位于句首时主句应用部分倒装；由entered可知，句子为过去时，因此用助动词did。特殊句式(一)一、强调句强调句型由“Itis/was被强调部分that/who.”构成，可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语；被强调部分是指人的名词或代词时用who和that均可，其他情况一律用that。判断方法：将It is/was和that/who去掉，若剩下的部分仍然成立，则为强调句型；若不成立，则不是。1强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他？Was it in the park that Tom lost his watch?2强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词is/was it that其他？Who was it that broke the window?3not.until.结构的强调句型其强调句式为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他。He didnt go to bed until ten oclock.It was not until ten oclock that he went to bed.注意：强调句型不能用来强调谓语，若要强调句子谓语动词，可将助动词do/does/did置于动词原形之前，用来加强语气。He does like it.I did tell you the news yesterday.二、倒装句1完全倒装(1)表示方位、地点的副词或介词短语，如：there, here, up, down, now, then, away, in, out, off等置于句首，且主语是名词时用完全倒装。Here comes the first bus.Out rushed a boy!On top of the mountain stands a temple.(2)主系表结构中作表语的形容词、分词、介词短语、such等置于句首时用完全倒装。Present at the meeting were Professor Zhang and many other guests.Seated on the ground are a group of young people.2部分倒装(1)“only状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)”置于句首时用部分倒装。Only in this way can you succeed.(2)表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时用部分倒装。常见的这类词或短语有not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, by no means, in no way, in no case, at no time, not only, not until等。Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.At no time should you touch it or get it hurt.(3)so，neither, nor置于句首表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物时用部分倒装。Tom likes English. So do I.I have never seen the film. Neither has he.(4)在so/such.that.句型中，当so/such置于句首时，主句部分倒装。So moved was she that she couldnt say a word.(5)在if虚拟条件句中，当省略if时，应将were/had/should置于主语之前，形成部分倒装。Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(6)as/though意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时用部分倒装。Tired as he was, he still went on with his work.Strange though it seems, it is true.限时25分钟一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。12016江苏高考Not until recently _ they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.答案did句意：直到近期，他们才开始鼓励农村地区与旅游有关的活动的发展。not until位于句首时，句子应用部分倒装结构。此处指过去所发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故答案为did。22016天津高考You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ the coach picks up tourists.答案that句意：你等错地方了。长途汽车来宾馆接游客。后一句为强调句型：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他。本句中at the hotel是被强调部分，缺强调句式中的that，故填that。32015湖南高考Always _ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.答案keep 句意：永远记住：你的主要任务就是让这个公司顺利运作。句子没有主语且表示命令，故为祈使句，答案为keep。42015北京高考If _ (accept) for the job, youll be informed soon.答案accepted句意：如果你被录用干这份工作的话，你会很快被通知到的。条件状语从句的主语为you, accept和you为动宾关系，应用被动语态。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语部分有be动词时，状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略，补充完整为“If you are accepted for the job”，故答案为accepted。52016安徽模拟John has not yet passed the driving test, and neither _ Henry.答案has 句意：约翰还没有通过驾照考试，亨利也没有通过。否定副词neither置于句首，后面的主谓语应用部分倒装。根据上一分句中的谓语动词has.passed(现在完成时)和该分句的主语Henry可推知，设空处答案为has。62016江苏南京测试The ground is wet all over, so Im sure it must have rained last night, _ it?答案didnt句意：地面都湿了，因此我确信昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？后一分句为反意疑问句。“Im sure从句”的反意疑问部分的动词形式需根据该从句谓语动词形式而定，因为“it must have rained last night”含明显的一般过去时的时间状语last night，故答案为didnt。72017西安模拟Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon?答案that 句意：美国宇航员是在1969年成功登陆月球的吗？本句为强调句型的一般疑问句形式，即：Is/Was it被强调部分that其他？82017沈阳模拟My daughter would like to have her photos taken where _ (lie) a lake.答案lies 句意：我女儿想要在有湖泊的地方照相。当地点状语where在前时应用完全倒装。正常语序为“a lake lies where”。92014北京高考_(observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.答案Observe 句意：在实验室做实验时要仔细观察是否发生了什么变化。本句为祈使句。“if any change occurs when.”为状语从句，设空处应为动词原形构成祈使句，故填Observe。102016陕西调研I was late for the lecture last night._ come? You started early last night.答案How 句意：昨晚的讲座我迟到了。怎么会呢？昨晚你很早就动身了。How come？“怎么会呢？怎么搞的？”112015天津高考Only when Lily walked into the office _ she realize that she had left the contract at home.答案did句意：直到莉莉走进办公室她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。“only状语从句”置于句首时，主句应用部分倒装。根据题干中的had left可以推断出，设空处应该用一般过去时，故填did。122016陕西渭南模拟On the top of the hill _ (stand) a temple where the old man once lived.答案stands 句意：山顶上有座庙，这位老人曾经在那里住过。表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词时，该句的主谓部分应完全倒装。本句的主语为a temple(第三人称单数)，故设空处为stands。132015重庆高考Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _ his musical gift was fully recognized.答案that句意：巴赫在1750年去世，但是直到19世纪初他的音乐天赋才得到完全认可。分析句子结构可知，后一分句是“It is/was.that.”强调句型，所以填that。142014天津高考Give me a chance, _Ill give you a wonderful surprise.答案and 句意：给我一次机会，我会给你一个惊喜。本句为“祈使句and陈述句”句式。故填and。152016四川四校联考The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _ dangerous a scene it was!答案How 句意：那个小男孩骑着自行车沿着机动车道全速而来。多危险的一幕啊！感叹句的句型之一是：How形容词a/an名词单数主语谓语！故填How。162016全国卷It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is, _ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.答案make句意：它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情，但是，无论它是什么，务必保证它是让你释放每天的压力而不是让你担忧的事。句中动词短语置于句首，构成祈使句，故用动词原形。172017重庆诊断_it rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the football match.答案Should 句意：万一明天下雨，我们就得取消这场足球赛。“_ it rain tomorrow”为省略了if的虚拟条件句，如果补上if则应为“If it _ rain tomorrow”。根据后面的would have to可知，设空处与将来事实相反，if从句谓语动词应为：过去式、“should动词原形”或“were to动词原形”；结合题干的句子结构可知，应填Should。182014福建高考The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, _ever, reaching 30 in summer.答案if 句意：这里的气候很宜人，夏天的气温极少达到30摄氏度。此处为状语从句的省略。当从句中的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。if ever与rarely连用，意为“如果曾有过的话，也很少”。192016黑龙江哈师大附中期中Not only _ Hunan TVs reality show Dad, Where Are We Going received high praise, but also it has made the stars and their lovely kids more popular.答案has 句意：湖南卫视真人秀节目爸爸去哪儿不但受到高度的赞扬，而且也让这些明星和他们可爱的孩子们更受欢迎了。在not only.but also结构中，not only引导的句子要用部分倒装结构；根据题干中的has made及received可知，此处应该是现在完成时，故填助动词has。202016湖南十三校联考One of my favorite sayings is, “_ (laugh) and the world laughs with you.”答案Laugh 句意：我最喜欢的一句谚语是：“欢笑，世界会与你一起欢笑。”此处采用了“祈使句and陈述句”句型，设空处为祈使句，故用动词原形。212016西安八校联考As far as I can see, _ is no possibility that he will win the tennis match this time.答案there 句意：依我看，他不可能在这次网球比赛中获胜。There is (no) possibility that.为固定句式，意为“(没有)可能”。222016广西梧州高三一模Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket money while _ (train) him.答案training句意：弗雷德在培训他期间给他提供工作和住房，并借给他零花钱。根据宾语him判断，train在此是动词，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且二者为主动关系，故填现在分词。while training him相当于while he trained him。232016咸阳模拟For a moment nothing happened; then _ (come) cheers from the excited audience.答案came 句意：片刻间什么也没发生，然后从兴奋的观众那里传来了欢呼声。then位于句首时用完全倒装。根据语境可知，填动词的过去式。242016广西南宁检测Its true, but I heard some people _ find their better half through online dating.答案did句意：这是真的，但是我听说一些人的确是通过网上约会找到他们更好的另一半。根据主句时态 I heard判断，hear的宾语从句应该用一般过去时；而空格后是动词原形find，故空格处应填助动词did，起强调作用。252016安徽六校联考_is it that he is not so friendly as he used to be?答案How/Why 句意：他怎么/为什么不如过去友好了呢？本句是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat其他？本句改为普通句型后为“_ is he not so friendly as he used to be？”262017重庆模拟Absurd _ it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.答案as/though 句意：虽然那听起来很荒诞，但是在场的每个人都被他在非洲的历险故事逗笑了。“形容词as/though主语谓语”相当于although/though引导的让步状语从句。272016重庆模拟I like this dress better than that one._ do I; but it costs almost twice as much.答案So 句意：与那条连衣裙相比，我更喜欢这条。我也是，但这条连衣裙的价格几乎是那条的两倍。此处为部分倒装。“so助动词/情态动词/be动词主语”表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或物。282014重庆高考I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _ you?答案didnt句意：去年夏天我在伦敦待了两周。那么在逗留期间，你一定参观过大英博物馆，是吧？本句是一个反意疑问句，陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must，附加问句的动词与must后的动词一致；再根据上一句中的last summer判断，故本空填didnt。292014天津高考_ he caught the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.答案Had句意：如果他赶上了早上的火车，他是不会开会迟到的。结合句意及主句谓语部分可知，从句为对过去事实的虚拟；在非真实条件句中，if可省略，句子要倒装，故填Had。302016浙江杭州一次质检A child, if actively _ (engage) in classroom activities, can be taught many things.答案engaged句意：如果一个孩子能积极参加课堂活动，他能学会许多东西。本句为省略句。将本句补全后为“If a child is actively engaged in classroom activities, he can be taught many things.”，把相同的主语a child和be动词省去，故为engaged。二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。12016四川成都二次诊断It was just then when I began to worry about my safety._答案whenthat句意：就在那时我开始担心我的安全了。本句为强调句型，被强调部分为just then，故将when改为that。22016湖南质量检测How an interesting country to live in!_答案HowWhat句意：一个多么有趣值得居住的国家啊！根据后面的名词country可知，应用what引起感叹句。32016四川联考In front of the stadium stand a long queue waiting for the stars arrival._答案standstands介词短语置于句首时，应用全部倒装，句子的主语是a long queue，因此谓语动词应用单数形式。42015四川高考How do you think I should do?_答案HowWhat句意：你认为我该怎么办？此句为双重疑问句，特殊疑问词位于句首，而事实上是从句do的宾语，而how为副词不能充当宾语。52016山西调研Only when the war was over in 1918 he able to get back to work._答案he前加was“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装结构。62016湖南四校联考There has a big library in our school._答案hasis句意：我们学校有一个很大的图书馆。本句为there be句型，be动词后为名词单数，故用is。72016湖南调研Thats all. Thank you. Some questions?_答案SomeAny“Some questions？”为省略句，补全后为“Do you have some questions？”由此可见，本句为一般疑问句，故将some改为any。some作“一些”讲时，常用在肯定句中，而any常用在疑问句中。82016江苏十校联考It was not until the last operation was completed when Bethune left the battle hospital._答案whenthat本句是not until的强调句型，结构是“It was/is not until 被强调部分that.”。92016陕西全真模拟In a word, success is important, and so does failure, because its the mother of success._答案doesis句意：总之，成功很重要，失败也很重要，因为失败乃成功之母。因为“success is important”的谓语动词是系动词be，故将does改为is。102016山东潍坊一模My dear friends, dont afraid of problems, but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves._答案dont后加be句意：我亲爱的朋友，不要害怕问题，而要充分利用问题使我们自己成为最佳。“dont afraid of problems”为祈使句的否定形式，形容词afraid前应加上系动词be。112016南昌三校联考When was it he made up his mind to take this lesson?_答案it后加that本句为强调句型的特殊疑问句，结构为“特殊疑问词was/is itthat其他？”。122016辽宁期末Tom doesnt believe Jack will win the game, will he?_答案第二个willdoes这是一个复合句，但反意疑问句应与主句一致，故用does。132017宁波联考Little girl although she is, she has been able to communicate directly to the hearts of audiences through her music. _答案althoughas/thoughas或though“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，应把被强调的部分提前。although无此用法。142016河北联考It was him who showed me how to smile through the rough times._答案himhe本句采用了强调句型。被强调部分为句子主语，故将him改为he。152016河北质检I asked Charles to see the movie, but he didnt want._答案want后加to此处为to do不定式的省略。to do不定式在省略时，可以省略动词但是必须保留不定式符号to。特殊句式(二)三、省略1当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或状语从句的主语为it，且从句中含be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。While (I was) in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.Ill buy a TV set if (it is) necessary.2单独使用不定式符号to，代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常用在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后面。否定形式用not to。I asked him to see the film, but he didnt want to.Shall I go instead of him?I prefer you not to.如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，则通常保留。Are you a sailor?No, but I used to be.注意：定语从句中充当宾语的关系代词可以省略；多个宾语从句中的第一个连词that也可省略。四、反意疑问句1形式：陈述句简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时，附加问句用否定形式，反之亦然。附加问句的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定，且主语必须是代词。Your parents had a long talk with you last night, didnt they?Everything that he says is true, isnt it?He is never late for school, is he?2陈述部分是祈使句时，反意疑问句用will you或wont you。以lets开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we；以let us/me开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you。Look at the blackboard, will/wont you?Dont make any noise, will you?Lets go to school, shall we?3陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词must时，反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。They must be sleeping then,
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