资源描述
考点九定语从句限时25分钟一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。1Can you lend me the novel _ you talked about the other day?答案which/that分析句子成分可知，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词为novel，因此用关系代词which/that。2A football fan is a person _ has a strong interest in football.答案who/that句意：球迷是对足球有强烈兴趣的人。分析句子成分可知，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词，指人可用that/who。3Is there anyone in your class _ family is in the country?答案whosewhose引导定语从句，在从句中作主语family的定语。4The reason _ Tom invented for his being late made no sense to the boss.答案that/which空格处在定语从句中作invented的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导。5His best movie, _ won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.答案which空格前有逗号与主句分开，是非限制性定语从句的标志，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。6I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the farmers.答案when句意：我永远也不会忘记和农夫一起住在农场的那些年。years是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语。7Is this the school _ some German friends went last week?答案where改为陈述语序为：This is the school where some German friends went last week. 不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。因为空格处在从句中作状语，所以应用关系副词where。8We all know that this is the second book _ he has ever written.答案that句意：我们都知道这是他曾经写的第二本书。当先行词前有序数词修饰时，要用that引导定语从句。9_ is often the case in China, foreign firms will face big barriers.答案As此处为as引导的定语从句，as在从句中作主语，指代逗号后面的内容。10Those _ have six or more close friends are described as “very happy”答案who句意：那些有六个或更多亲密朋友的人常被认为是非常幸福的。此处用关系代词who代指先行词those，并作定语从句的主语。11Facebook provides a networking platform _ communic- ation is faster and easier.答案where空格处在从句中作地点状语，因此应用关系副词where引导定语从句。12Michel Croz, with _ help Daisy passed the exam, was one of the straight A students of the school.答案whose句意：米歇尔克罗是学校全优生之一，在他的帮助下黛西通过了考试。根据题干结构和句意可知，本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Michel Croz，并且与从句中的名词help之间构成所属关系，故用关系代词whose。13The house, the roof of _ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.答案whichthe roof of which相当于whose roof，意思是“房子的房顶”。14Li Lei, for _ English was once difficult, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker.答案whom句意：曾经英语对李磊而言还有点难，而现在李磊可以流利地说英语，好像他是一个以英语为母语的人。根据题干结构和句意可知，介词for后面是一个非限制性定语从句，从句的主语是English，先行词为Li Lei，空格处在从句中作for的宾语，故用宾格whom。15I am looking for a position _ my research and writing skills can be made good use of.答案where句意：我正在找一份能充分利用我的研究和写作才能的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a position，在从句中作抽象地点状语，因此应用关系副词where。16They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _ sat a small boy.答案whichin front of which还原即in front of the farmhouse。in front of which在从句中作状语。17I want to use the same tools _ were used in your factory a few days ago.答案asas引导定语从句时通常构成such.as或the same.as结构，其中such和the same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语。18My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them.答案whichwhich代替前面整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语。19In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _ are women.答案whomtwo thirds of whom即two thirds of the 2,000 workers。关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，因此用宾格whom。20Perhaps each of us has moments in our lives _ we desperately search for something everywhere but it is just under our noses.答案when分析题干可知，moments是先行词， “we desperately search for something everywhere”是其定语从句，定语从句中缺少时间状语，因此应用关系副词when作为引导词。21This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere _ many others are short of.答案which/that句意：这家饭店有一种其他饭店所缺少的吸引人的、像家一样的氛围。根据题干结构和句意可知，空格处引导的句子是定语从句，用来修饰先行词atmosphere，并且在从句中作are short of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which/that。22He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder _ had been his teacher.答案who/that空格处代替先行词an elder，引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，故用who/that。23I dont know the reason _ he came so late.答案why句意：我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。先行词为the reason，且定语从句中缺少原因状语，故用why。24Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.答案which“_ is a bad habit” 是非限制性定语从句，空格处在从句中作主语，因此用which。25Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?答案that先行词gas被only修饰，关系词要用that，而不用which。26Suddenly I heard a man shouting at a driver, _ car was blocking the street.答案whose句意：突然我听到一个人对一个司机喊了起来，那个司机的车挡住了路。whose引导定语从句，在从句中作car的定语，修饰先行词a driver。whose car也可改写成：the car of whom。27The way _ he looks at problems is wrong.答案that先行词是way且定语从句中缺少方式状语时，定语从句的关系词可以是that, in which或者略；若先行词是way且定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，则关系词用that或which，作宾语时也可省略关系词。28Last summer we visited the West Lake, for _ Hangzhou is famous in the world. 答案which空格处在定语从句中作介词for的宾语。for which 引导定语从句，使用介词for，是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for “以而闻名”。29They talked about the persons and things _ they remembered at school.答案that当先行词既有人又有物时，应用that引导该定语从句。30He said that he had never seen her before, _ was not true.答案which句意：他说以前从未见过她，这不是真的。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代“he had never seen her before”这件事。二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。1We still remember the day on which we spent in the old house._答案去掉on关系代词which在从句中作spent的宾语，因此去掉介词on。2Nancy enjoyed herself very much last week where she visited her friends in Sydney._答案wherewhen先行词last week是表示时间的名词，因此用表时间的关系副词when来引导定语从句。3That scientist who work is successful has been made a model worker._答案whowhose先行词为scientist，且关系词后面是work，为名词，因此应用形容词性的关系代词whose来引导定语从句。4His new car, for it he paid 7,000 pounds, has already had to be repaired._答案itwhich中间部分为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用which。5In our school there are 200 computers, of them 60% need replacing._答案themwhich逗号后为定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语，指代物computers，因此用关系代词which。6Mr. Green is a man with rich experience, that, obviously, makes others respect him._答案thatwhichthat不能引导非限制性定语从句，应该用which，指代整个主句的内容。7The Voice of China has set up a stage which some people can achieve their dreams._答案whichwhere先行词stage意为“舞台”，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词where。8She brought with her three friends, none of them I had met before._答案themwhom先行词为人，关系词作介词of的宾语，故应用whom。9That weekend, what I have more to tell you about, I ended up with a happy hike._答案whatwhich这是个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作宾语且指先行词That weekend，因此用关系代词which。what不能引导定语从句。10Cheer up! Everyone may have periods in their lives that everything seems tough._答案thatwhen先行词为period，关系词在从句中作状语，因此用关系副词when。11My friend showed me around the town, where was very kind of him._答案wherewhich从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which，指代前面提到的整件事情。12Which we know, China is a country with a long history._答案WhichAswhich引导非限制性定语从句，一般跟在主句之后，所以此处应用As。as we know“众所周知”。13English is the only one of the subjects which I am interested in._答案whichthat先行词subjects前有the only one修饰，且从句中缺少宾语，故定语从句应用that来引导。14In seven years, she wrote four scripts and a play, none of that has seen the light of day._答案that which先行词为物，故应用which引导定语从句且充当介词of的宾语。15The eggs you bought them are bad._答案去掉them先行词为the eggs，指物，故定语从句中应用that或which充当动词bought的宾语，且可以省略。故去掉them。定语从句(一)一、关系词的用法引导定语从句的关系词(也称为引导词)包括关系代词和关系副词两类。关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语成分。关系词被修饰的先行词关系词在从句中充当的成分that指人或物的词主语、宾语、表语which指物的词或整个主句主语、宾语who指人的词主语、宾语whom指人的词宾语whose指人或物的词定语as指人或物的词或整个主句主语、宾语when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语why表示原因的名词reason原因状语The work that/which has just been finished is very important.She is the girl who/that lives next door.This is the house whose window broke last night.Tom was late for work again this morning, which made the boss angry.As is known to all, China is the biggest developing country in the world.I still remember the day when (on which) I first came to this school.This is the small village where (in which) he was born.The reason why (for which) he refused the invitation is not clear.注意：关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但作介词的宾语时不能省略；关系副词一般可用“介词关系代词”来代替。二、只能用关系代词that的几种情况1当先行词既有人又有物时。They are talking about the director and his films that I like best.2当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时。It is the first/best film that I have ever seen.3当先行词被the only/the very修饰时。This is the only book that is worth reading.4当先行词是不定代词，或先行词被不定代词修饰时。Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?5当主句是以which或who开头的疑问句时。Who is the man that is standing there?三、只能用关系代词which的几种情况1“介词关系代词”结构中指物的关系代词只能用which(指人时用whom)。This is the school in which I studied 10 years ago.2在非限制性定语从句中指物的关系代词只能用which。The meeting was put off, which was actually what we wanted.限时25分钟一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)。12016全国卷Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC., influenced the development of chopsticks.答案who句意：一些人认为生活在大约公元前551年到479年之间的中国的伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展进程。所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指人，所以填who。22016北京高考I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.答案whose句意：我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们家的孩子们总是很喧闹。此处用关系词whose在定语从句中作定语修饰children。32016天津高考We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.答案when句意：我们将把在公园里进行野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能更好。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少状语，先行词是表示时间的名词next week，故用when引导。42015北京高考Opposite is St. Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music.答案where句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你能听到一些美妙的音乐。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，故填where。52015福建高考China Today attracts a worldwide readership, _shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.答案which本句使用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，其中which指代前面整个句子的内容。62016天津高考When walking down the street, I came across David, _ I hadnt seen for years.答案whom先行词为David，且非限制性定语从句中缺少宾语，故填whom。72016四川高考One important biological factor _ helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women.答案that/which先行词为factor，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故应用that/which引导该定语从句。82016天津高考I wrote down all the reasons _ this problem could not be solved.答案why句意：我写下了问题不能得以解决的所有原因。先行词为reasons，定语从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。92015江苏高考The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.答案as 句意：正如报道的那样，吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。本句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为整个主句的内容，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填as。as is reported“正如报道的那样”。102015四川高考The books on the desk, _covers are shiny, are prizes for us.答案whose句意：桌子上的那些封面闪亮的书是为我们准备的奖品。先行词为books，它与定语从句的主语covers是所属关系，所以用关系代词whose引导定语从句。112016福建龙岩质检At the request of some English learners, he has published a lot of books, one of _ is about English idioms.答案which句意：应一些英语学习者的要求，他出版了许多书，其中有一本是关于英语习语的。先行词为books，将先行词代入从句后为“One of the books is about English idioms.”。由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，故答案为which。122016绵阳三校联考Peter talked about the books and teachers _ influenced him greatly in the school.答案that先行词为the books and teachers，在定语从句中作主语，既有人又有物，所以用关系代词that引导定语从句。132015湖南高考It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.答案which 句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，它看上去和100年前的样子一样，有蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的村舍。本句为非限制性定语从句。先行词为place，将先行词代入定语从句后为“The place looks the same as.”。由此可见，关系词在定语从句中作主语且指事物，故用which。142015陕西高考As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time_he should be able to be independent.答案when句意：作为家里孩子中最小的一个，亚历克斯一直渴望着他能够独立的时间。根据句子结构来判断，此句中the time后面是一个定语从句，且空格处在从句中作状语，表示时间，所以要用关系副词when。152017合肥质检The mother thanked the young man again and again, without _ help her son would have been killed by the passing car.答案whose 句意：这位母亲一次又一次地感谢这个年轻人，如果没有他的帮助，她的儿子就被经过的汽车撞死了。分析句子成分可知，此处应用whose修饰名词help，引导非限制性定语从句。162016南昌三校联考Where did you meet Mr. Green?It was in the hotel _ he stayed.答案where 句意：你是在哪里见到格林先生的？在他住的那家宾馆。先行词为the hotel，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。172017绵阳诊断We expect you to become someone of _ well feel very proud in the future.答案whom 句意：我们期望将来你能成为我们为之骄傲的人。先行词为someone，关系词在定语从句中作of的宾语，且指人，故填whom。182016重庆南开月考According to Beijing Review, Beijing was attacked by such a sandstorm _ few citizens have experienced before.答案as 句意：据北京周报报道，北京遭受了沙尘暴的袭击，没有多少市民以前经历过这样的沙尘暴。由such可知，此处应用as引导定语从句。192016潍坊模拟Life is like an onion, _ sometimes makes you weep when you try opening it.答案which 句意：生活就像一个洋葱，当你尝试着剥开它时，它有时候会让你流泪。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词an onion，在从句中作主语。202016浙江高考Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved.答案which句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个是被证实的。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句用“代词介词关系代词which”引导。212016浙江高考When the time came to make the final decision for a course, I decided to apply for the one _ reflected my interest.答案that句意：当到了最后决定课程的时候，我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。先行词为the one，所以关系词要用that。222014陕西高考Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.答案that句意：请你把你手头的有关这个职位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为all the information，由于先行词有all修饰，故必须填that。232014四川高考Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.答案which句意：直到现在，我们已经为贫困的孩子筹集到了五万英镑，这真的出乎意料。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的关系词，指代上文提到的整件事情，故填which。242016江苏高考Many young people, most of _ were welleducated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.答案whom句意：许多年轻人都前往边远地区去追逐梦想，他们中的大多数都受过良好的教育。先行词为young people，故填whom作介词of的宾语。252016福建福州期中Once there lived a rich man _ wanted to do something for the people of his town.答案who/that句意：城里曾经有个想为市民做些事情的富翁。根据空格处前后的结构分析可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰a rich man，由于从句中缺少主语，故用who/that引导。262017四川联考He was educated at the local high school, after _ he went on to Peking University.答案which句意：他在当地一所高中接受教育，后来考上了北京大学。指代“he was educated at the local high school”，且作after的宾语，应用which。272016全国卷But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, _ I was the first Western TV reporter.答案when先行词为the mid1980s，空格处在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用when。282016陕西渭南模拟Im sorry not to have replied to your letter earlier, for _， I must say, I apologize.答案which句意：很抱歉没能早点给你回信，对此我必须道歉。关系词在从句中充当for的宾语，指“not to have replied to your letter earlier”这件事，应用which。292015天津高考The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere_his employees enjoy their work.答案where句意：公司老板正在尽力营造一个员工们可以在其中快乐工作的轻松的氛围。空格处替代先行词atmosphere，且在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。在定语从句中，如果先行词为case, point, situation, stage, activity, occasion等表示抽象意义的名词作先行词，定语从句多用关系副词where引导。302015安徽高考Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon_ school education depends.答案which句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。在名词skill之后是一个由“介词upon关系代词”引导的定语从句，此处应填入关系代词which。二、改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)。12016四川高考The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite._答案whatthat/which或去掉what句意：我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故应用that，which或省略关系词。22014安徽高考The exact year when Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008._答案whenthat/which或去掉when句意：安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切的年份是2008年。本句中先行词是the exact year，关系词在定语从句中作spent的宾语，故应用关系代词that/which或省略关系词。32016重庆模拟I cant find my diary, what is a real headache for me._答案whatwhichwhat不能用来引导定语从句。由逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句内容，在从句中作主语。42017怀化模拟The men their names were called left the room and were taken to the village._答案theirwhose先行词men和names为所属关系，而their不能引导定语从句，故将their改为whose。52017绵阳诊断I was lucky enough to have a teacher which did not take my bad grades as a judgment of my abilities._答案whichthat/who先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，而which不能指人，故将其改为that或who。62016重庆模拟This isnt the train on that I normally travel._答案thatwhich“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，先行词指物，故介词后用which不用that。72016成都月考The letter that I opened it wasnt for me._答案去掉it关系代词that替代先行词the letter在定语从句中作open的宾语，故将多余的it去掉。82016陕西模拟The reason because I didnt know was that no one had told me._答案becausewhybecause不能引导定语从句，故将其改为why，why在定语从句中作状语。92016南昌三校联考I didnt know the name of the man helped me._答案helped前加who/that关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省，故应补出此定语从句的主语。102017河北调研He was the only one of those students who were learning Chinese at that time._答案werewas定语从句的先行词是“one of复数名词”时，该定语从句的谓语动词用复数；当one由the only修饰时，定语从句谓语动词用单数。112013湖南高考Happiness and success often come to those whom are good at recognizing their own strengths._答案whomwho先行词是those，指人，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词who引导定语从句。122013四川高考Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment which they live._答案which前加in或whichwhere先行词是the environment, 指地点，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where/in which引导定语从句。132013陕西高考It is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived._答案ItAsas is often the case with sb. “某人情况经常如此”。142013山东高考Finally he reached a lonely island where was completely cut off from the outside world._答案wherewhich/that先行词是a lonely island，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。152016福建南平质检I have an American friend, Marianne, she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky._答案shewho句意：我有一位美国朋友，Marianne，她独自生活却养了一条宠物狗Sparky。两句子之间无连词，由此可见，“she lives alone but has a pet dog, Sparky”应为非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故将she改为who并在从句中作主语。定语从句(二)四、“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句1介词的选择该结构中的介词可用两种方法来选择：与定语从句的谓语动词的习惯搭配；与先行词的搭配。Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands？(根据shake hands with.确定)The room in which we took the photos was very dusty.(根据先行词来确定，即in the room)2关系代词的选择在“介词关系代词”结构中，指物时关系代词用which，指人时关系代词用whom，作定语时用whose。This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.The woman to whom I talked just now is my English teacher.This is the boy without whose help I couldnt have passed that difficult exam.3“不定代词/数词of which/whom”结构该结构常在定语从句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。Tom has many books, some of which are from his father.The old man has three sons, two of whom are doctors.4whose名词the名词of which/whomof which/whomthe名词We saved the boy whose hands were badly injured.We saved the boy the hands of whom were badly injured.We saved the boy of whom the hands were badly injured.五、which和as的用法区别当先行词为整个主句时，关系代词用which或as均可，但二者的用法也有区别。1当先行词前面有the same, such, so, as等词修饰时，关系词常用as。Ive never heard such stories as he tells.She is so nice a girl as we all like.2which通常意为“这，这一点”，as通常表示说话人的态度、看法、解释等，意为“正如，正像”。He sold his bicycle, which surprised me.As we know, smoking is harmful to our health.Smoking is harmful to our health, as we know.3which引导的非限制性定语从句一般跟在主句之后，而as引导的从句可在主句前、主句后，也可以
展开阅读全文