英语泛读教程3--unit-3词汇表及课堂思考题

英语泛读教程3 Unit 3课前预习思考题： According to Richard Wiseman, why cant the audience perceive the secret actions performed by a magician in front of them? Could you give an example? Why are people suffering from autism less likely to be cheated by magicians? According to Wiseman, how do magicians manipulate our consciousness? Give an example to show that. What is the magic spot according to Parris? Why are scientists trying to map out how our brains are deceived? Do you think magic will lose its appeal if psychologists can find out the way magicians trick our brains? Why or why not? Words and Expressions:Text: Bursting The Magic Bubble1. tinge: verb&nounv: tinge sth with sth: to add a small amount of color to sth(轻微地给。着色，给。染色；to add a small amount of a particular emotion or quality with disapproval 使略带。感情/性质)His dark hair was just tinged with grey.他有少许白发a look of surprise tinged with disapproval带有几分不满的惊奇神情noun: a small amount of a colour, feeling or quality淡淡的色调或痕迹to feel a tinge of envy/regret/sadness感到几分嫉妒/遗憾/悲伤【形近词】：tingle: n&v: 感到刺痛；刺痛感；兴奋感The cold air made her face tingle冷空气冻得她脸发痛2. scramble: noun&verbnoun: a situation in which people push, fight or compete with each other in order to get or do sth争抢，抢占，争夺；a difficult walk or climb艰难行走，爬，攀登There was a mad scramble for best seats人们不顾一切地抢占最好的座位:verb: to move quickly, especially with difficulty, using your hands to help you in order to get or reach sth迅速而吃力地爬，攀登，争抢，抢占，争夺He managed to scramble over the wall她好不容易翻过墙The audience scrambled for the exits.观众竞相朝出口涌去 scrambled eggs with tomatoes番茄炒蛋3. surreal: adj. very strange, more like a dream than reality, with ideas and images mixed together in a strange way离奇的，怪诞的，梦幻般的，超现实的 surrealism: 超现实主义4. conjuror: noun: (also conjurer ) a person conjure: to do clever tricks such as making things to appear or disappear as if by magic变魔法，变戏法PHRV CONJURE UP: to make sth appear as a picture in your mind使。呈现于脑际，使想起 SYNEVOKEWhen we think of adventures, many of us conjure up images of larger-than-life characters trekking to the North Pole.当我们想到探险，脑海中便呈现出那些与众不同的到北极探险的英雄人物5. vanish: to disappear suddenly or/and in a way that you cant explain(莫名其妙地)突然消失to stop existing消亡，绝迹 The magician vanished in a puff of smoke魔术师在一股烟中突然不见了6. map sth out: to plan or arrange sth in a careful and detailed way(精心细致地)规划，安排Te has his career path clearly mapped out他精心规划了自己的前途7. mechanic: 机械师，技工；（the mechanics）pls the way sth works or is done方法，手段 The mechanics of some tricks by contemporary magicians同时代魔术大师的一些魔术原理8. aside from :( especially AmE) =apart from, as well as:出了。外（都）；此外，加之Ive finished apart from/aside from the last question9. in full swing: (of music) having reached a very lively level在热烈进行中；处于兴盛阶段When we arrived the party was already in full swing and the dance floor was crowded.我们赶到时，聚会已进入高潮，舞池里挤满了人swing: n&v: 摆动，摇摆，秋千10. showmanship: skills in doing things in an entertaining way and getting a lot of attention主持演出的 技巧，主持艺术、表演技能showman: a person who organizes public entertainments, especially at FAIRGROUNDS (尤指露天游乐场的)演出主持人，演出经纪人;善于引起公众注意的人，喜欢出风头的人11. implicit：adj: suggested without being directly expressed含蓄的，不直接言明的Implicit in his speech was the assumption that they were guilty.他话语之中的言外之意是设定他们有罪12. blow sb away: to impress sb a lot or to make them very happy给某人留下深刻印象，使某人很高兴13dexterity：n: skill in using your hands, the ability to do sth skillfully (手) 灵巧，熟练，敏捷，技巧技能You need manual dexterity to be good at video games 完好电子游戏手要灵巧mental/verbal dexterity智能/说话技巧14. impoverish: to make sb poor; to make sth worse in quality使贫穷，使贫瘠，使枯竭impoverished peasants赤贫的农民 the impoverished areas of the city这个城市的贫民区These changes are likely to impoverish single parent families even further.这些变革很可能使单亲家庭更加贫困15. sleight: IDM sleight of hand: skillful movements of your hands that other people cannot see; an act of deceiving people in a clever way(隐蔽的)敏捷手法，灵巧手法；把戏，花招sleigh: a sledge, vehicle that slides over snow, especially one pulled by horse (尤指马拉的)雪橇16. blurred：adj, not clear, without a clear outline or shapeShe suffered from dizziness and blurred vision她饱受头晕目眩视物模糊之苦Everything is a blur when I take my glasses off. 我摘掉眼镜什么都变得模糊不清17. impair：to damage sth or make sth worse损害，削弱His age impaired his chance of finding a new job他的年纪影响了他找新工作的机会impaired: adj. damaged or not functioning受损的，损坏的，出毛病的；having the type of physical or mental problem mentioned有（身体或智力）缺陷的，有。障碍的hearing-impaired children听力受损的儿童 impairment: noun18. kinetic: adj. of or produced by movement运动的，运动引起的 psychokinetic ability意念控制能 力19. static: adj. not moving, changing or developing静止的，静态的，停滞的，静力的【OPP】DYNAMICa static population level稳定的人口水平 The balance sheet provides a static picture of the financial position at a point in time资产负债表反映出某一时间的财务状况static electricity静电20. voiceover / voice-over : information or comments in a film/movie, television program, etc thatre given by a person who is not seen on the screen（电影或电视节目的）解说，画外音；旁白She earns a lot of money doing voiceovers for TV-commercials.她为电视广告做解说收入很高21. gauge: verb&nounnoun: an instrument for measuring the amount or level of sth测量仪器，计量器verb：to measure sth accurately; to calculate sth approximately; to make a judgement about sth, especially peoples feelings or attitudes (用仪器)测量，估计，估算；判定、判断（尤指某人的感情态度）We are able to gauge the strength of the wind from the movement of the trees.我们可根据树的摇动估计风力They interviewed employees to gauge their reaction to changes他们与雇员谈判以判定他们的应变能力22. autism: a mental condition in which a person is unable to communicate or form relationships with others自闭症，孤独症23. anterior cingulate: 大脑前扣带24. incongruous: adj. strange and not suitable in a particular situation不合适的，不相称的，不协调的such traditional methods seem incongruous in our technical age此类传统方法似乎跟我们今天的科技时代格格不入【OPP】CONGRUENT: 全等的，叠合的，适合的，恰当的，相称的They want to work in an organization whose values are congruent with their own25. split second: a very short moment of time瞬间，刹那26. get / come to grips with sth: to begin to understand and deal with sth difficult开始理解并着手处理 难题27. juggle: 连续向空中抛接多个物体，玩杂耍，变戏法28. practitioner：a person who works in a profession, especially medicine or law(尤指医学或法律界的) 从业人员；（formal）a person who regularly does a particular activity, especially one that requires skill习艺者，专门人才29. fallible：able to make mistakes or be wrong会犯错误的 【OPP】INFALLIBLE All human beings are fallible. 人人都难免犯错误Human fallibility: 人容易犯的错误30. get away with sth：to do sth wrong and not be punished for it.做坏事而未受惩罚 The criminals know how to play the system and get away with it Testing Your Reading Comprehension And Speed1. encore: noun, an extra short performance given at the end of a concert(音乐会或其它结束时)加演的节目（听众/观众提出再演一个的要求） She played a Chopin waltz as an encore.她应听众的要求又演奏了一首肖邦的圆舞曲2. artifact：（also artifact in AmE）an object that is made by a person, especially sth of historical or cultural interest. 人工制品，手工艺品（尤指有历史或文化价值的）3. curator：（博物馆或美术馆的）负责人，馆长4. luminary: a person who is an expert or a great influence in a special area or activity专家，权威，有 影响的人物leading luminaries of the art艺术上最杰出的人物5. custom-made: adj. also custom-built: designed and built for a particular person为某人设计建造的， 定做的6. stunning： extremely surprising or shocking extremely attractive or impressive 令人惊奇的，极有魅力的 a stunning woman魅力四射的女人 a stunning view of the lake无比优美的湖光水色she suffered stunning defeat in the election她在选举中惨败7. ingenious: adj. (of a person) having a lot of clever ideas and good at inventing things；(of an object, a plan, an idea, etc) very suitable for a particular purpose and resulting from clever new ideas（物体、计划、思想等）精巧的，新颖的，巧妙的 （人） 心灵手巧的，机敏的，善于创造发明的an ingenious device / invention / experiment 精巧的装置；新颖的发明/实验8. underlie: (formal) to be the basis or cause of sth构成。的基础；作为。的原因they try to figure out what feeling underlies your anger.underlying: adj. important in a situation but not always easily noticed or stated clearly根本的，潜在的，隐含的The unemployment may be an underlying cause of the rising crime rate.失业可能是犯罪率攀升的潜在原因9. prospect：noun&verb: the possibility that sth will happen; the chances of being successful可能性，希望；前途，前景；成功的机会verb: to search an area for gold, minerals, oil, etc 探矿，勘探，淘金good career prospects美好的事业前途 At 25 he was an unemployed musician with no prospects. 25岁的他是个没有工作，前途渺茫的乐师Traveling alone around the world is a daunting prospect. 想象着只身走遍世界颇令人心悸10. abdominal pain腹痛 abdomen: （肠道）腹部11. coronary: connected with the heart, particularly the ARTERIES that take hold of the heart冠状动脉的12. catheter: a thin tube that is put into the body in order to remove liquid such as URINE导管（导尿管）13.discernible: adj. (of sth) that can be recognized, understood or identified可识别的，可以觉察到的，能分辨出的There is often no discernible difference between rival brands.相互竞争的品牌之间往往看不出明显的区别14. tangible: that can be clearly seen to exist; that you can touch and feel有形的，实际的，真实的；可触摸的，可感知的We cant accept his findings without tangible evidence没有确凿的证据，我们不能接受他的调查结果15. vessel：a large ship or boat; a tube that carries blood through the body of a person or an animal or liquid through the parts of a plant大船，轮船；（人或动物的）脉管，血管（植物的）导管16. spleen：a small organ near the stomach that controls the quality of blood脾17. quip：a quick and clever remark俏皮话，妙语 to make a quip讲俏皮话18. insanity: the state of being insane精神失常，精神错乱 【形近词】insanitary: (unsanitary in AmE) dirty and likely to spread disease不卫生的，不清洁的19. disdain：noun &verbnoun: the feeling that sb/sth is not good enough to deserve your respect鄙视，鄙弃She disdained his offer of help.他提出要帮助，遭到她的鄙弃20. malign: adj&verb. adj: (formal) causing harm 有害的，引起伤害的a malign force / influence / effect 有害的势力/影响/作用verb: (written) to say bad things about sb/sth publicly(公开地)诽谤，毁谤，中伤She feels she has been much maligned by the press她觉得她遭到了新闻界的恣意诽谤21. benign: adj: (formal)(of people) kind and gentle; not causing any harm; (medical)(of tumor) TUMORS，growing in the body not dangerous or likely to cause death.善良的，和善的，慈祥的；【医】（肿瘤）良性的22. pathology: the scientific study of disease; an aspect of sbs behavior that is extreme and unreasonable and that they can not control病理学；变态，反常23. turn sth around/round （使企业经济、局面等）扭转，好转If the economy turned around, the prime ministers authority would quickly increase.如果经济好转，首相的威信会大增24. totem pole图腾柱25. cynicism：愤世嫉俗26. deflate：to let air or gas out of a tyre, balloon, etc, to become smaller because of air or gas coming out; to make sb feel less confident放掉轮胎气球等的气；使瘪下来，使泄气，挫。的锐气【OPP】INFLATEDEFLATION:通货紧缩；泄气，放气；INFLATION:充气，通货膨胀27. unambiguous: clear in meaning; that can only be understood in one way意思清楚的，明确的，毫不含糊的an unambiguous statement/definition明确的陈述/定义Home Reading: what is so funny about humor1. wire sth up: to join things together using wire用金属丝把连接在一起2. mirth: (written) happiness, fun and laughter欢乐，欢笑the performance produced much mirth among the audience这场演出使观众笑声不断3. interdisciplinary：adj. involving different areas of knowledge or study多学科的，跨学科的interdisciplinary research跨学科研究4. fellowship：friendship；伙伴关系，友谊an organized group of people sharing an interest, aim or belief具有共同利益、目的或信仰的团体、协会、联谊会；the state of being a member of an academic or professional organization（学术或专业团体的）会员资格5. empirical: adj: based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories以实验（或经验）为依据的，经验主义的empirical evidence/knowledge/research实践经验的证明/从经验中获得的知识/ 以实验为基础的研究6. caption: noun&verb: noun：words that are printed underneath a picture, cartoon, etc, that explain or describe it(图片、漫画等的)说明文字verb: to write a caption for a picture, photograph, etc给图片照片等加说明文字，为。配字幕【近义词】：subtitle字幕The film-makers have captioned all of the songs in the movie电影制片人给影片中所有的歌曲配了字幕7. hereditary: adj. (of illness) given to a child by its parents before it is born;遗传的，遗传性的 that is legally given to sbs child, when that person dies.世袭的，有世袭头衔的Epilepsy is hereditary in her family癫痫是她家的遗传病8. readout：(of computing)a display of information on a computer screen(计算机)信息读出；目视读出9. serotonin: 血清素10. dilation: 膨胀，扩大 dilate: to become or make sth larger, wider or more open扩大，使膨胀，扩张 dilated pupils / nostrils 扩大了的瞳孔，张大了的鼻孔Red wine can help to dilate blood vessels.红葡萄酒有助于扩张血管。【形近词】dilute 稀释11Correlate: if two or more facts, figures, etc. correlate or if a fact, figure, etc. correlates with another, the facts are closely connected and affect or depend on each other A high-fat diet correlates with a greater risk of heart disease. Stress levels and heart disease are strongly correlated (= connected) . correlate with：be connected with Poverty and poor housing correlate with a shorter life expectancy. Lack of prenatal care correlates strongly with premature birth. 12. resonance: ( formal ) ( of sound ) the quality of being resonant 声音回响，响亮；共鸣，共振； Her voice had a strange and thrilling resonance. Resonant: adj. ( formal ) ( of sound ) deep, clear and continuing for a long time 嘹亮的，响亮的，回响的，悠扬的，谐振的a deep resonant voice 深沉而响亮的声音a violin made of fine resonant wood用共鸣质良好的木材制作的小提琴13adaptive：able to change when necessary in order to deal with different situations有适应能力的14Indulge in sth：to allow yourself to have or do sth that you like, especially sth that is considered bad for you; to be too generous in allowing sb to have or do whatever they like 沉湎，沉迷，沉溺于。放纵，听任They went into town to indulge in some serious shopping. 她们进城去大肆购物She has never been one to indulge in gossip. She did not believe in indulging the children with presents. 她认为不能惯着孩子们要什么就给什么I occasionally indulge a cigarette.我偶尔抽支烟享受下15grim：looking or sounding very serious; unpleasant and depressing严肃的，坚定的，阴冷的，令人不快的，令人沮丧的The outlook is pretty grim前景令人担忧The house looked grim and dreary in the rain这房子在雨中显得阴森凄凉 a grim-faced policeman表情严肃的警察We face the grim prospect of still higher unemployment我们面临着失业率进一步攀升的黯淡前景16rudimentary： a rudimentary knowledge or understanding of a subject is very simple and basic，not fully or highly developed or advanced；rudimentary equipment, methods, systems etc are very basic and not advanced : 【OPP】 SOPHISTICATED : 未充分发展的，原始的，简单的，基本的； Gradually, I acquired a rudimentary knowledge of music. 渐渐地我对音乐有了一个基本了解Subsistence farming in its most rudimentary form 最原始方式的自给式耕作The classroom equipment is pretty rudimentary.教室里的设备相当简陋17Pathetic: making you feel pity or sadness; weak, useless and unsuccessful可怜的，可悲的，令人怜惜的，无力的，无用的The starving children were a pathetic sight看到饥饿的儿童是一副凄惨的景象18subsume：to include sth in a particular group and not consider it separately将。归入或纳入All this phenomena can be subsumed under just two broad categories.所有这些不同现象均可归入两大类19gadfly：a person who annoys or criticizes other people in order to make them do sth为使别人做某事而对其进行批评或骚扰的；讨人厌者20varsity：【英口语】大学 【美】（体育运动）大学或学院的代表队21omen: a sign of what is going to happen in the future预兆，征兆a good omen吉兆a happy omen喜兆22anthology: a collection of poems, letters, etc that have been written by different people and published together in a book.(不同作家作品的)选集23sexual stereotyping性别模式化 stereotype：a fixed idea or image that many people have of a particular type of person or thing but which is often not true in reality.模式化观念或形象，老一套，刻板印象24gender / racial / cultural stereotype 有关性别、种族、文化的旧框框He doesnt conform to the usual stereotype of the businessman with a dark suit and briefcase他不同于人们一般印象中穿黑色西装、提公文包的商人形象25sexual harassment：性骚扰26geezer：a man, an old man especially who is rather strange男人，怪老头，老家伙27staple：food that is used and needed all the time基本食物，主食；the main product that is produced in a country一国的主要产品 STAPLER:订书机28wield: to hold sth ready to use it as a weapon or tool挥操使用（武器、工具等）to have and use power, authority, etc.拥有，运用，行使、支配权力等 She was wielding a large knife他挥舞着一把大刀She wields enormous power within the party她操纵者党内大权Terrorists wielding automatic weapons and hand grenades手中挥舞着自动武器和手榴弹的恐怖分子29. rolling pin 擀面杖30mutate：to develop or make sth develop a new form of structure, because of a genetic change使变异，突变 Rhythm and blues mutated into rock and roll.节奏布鲁斯演变成为摇滚乐31the grim reaper：an imaginary figure who represents death and it looks like a skeleton, wearing a long cloak and carries a scythe.狰狞的收割者（指骷髅状死神，身披黑衣斗篷，手持长柄大镰刀）32pestilence: any infectious disease that spreads quickly and kills a lot of people瘟疫33chronologically: (of a number of events)arranged in the order in which they happened（事件）按照时间顺序排列的The facts should be presented clearly and in chronological order.这些事实应按照时间先后顺序陈述清楚 chronology：年表 a chronology of Mozarts life 莫扎他生平年表34vector:向量，矢量35gag：noun&verb noun：(informal) a joke or a funny story, especially one told by a professional comedian（尤其指专业喜剧演员的）插科打诨、笑话36outlandish：adj. (usually disapproving)strange or extremely unusual outlandish costumes/ideas奇装异服，古怪的想法37levity: behavior that shows a lack of respect for sth and treats it in an amusing way轻浮，轻率，轻佻的举止 【SYN】FRIVOLITY38. elusive：difficult to find, define or achieve难找的；困难的；难以表述或解释的She managed to get an interview with that elusive man. She enjoys a firm reputation in this country but wider international success has been elusive. For me, the poem has an elusive quality. 39dissect: 解剖（人或动植物）；仔细研究，详细评论，剖析Her latest novel was dissected by critics.她最近出版的一本小说受到了批评家的详细剖析40 variegated：having differently colored spots or marks; consisting of many different types of things or people.(植物叶子等)杂色的斑驳的；多样化的9