动名词做主语和宾语的用法.ppt

Grammar,动名词作主语和宾语,教学目标,1.记住动名词做主语和宾语的基本用法 2.记住动名词的不同形式 3.能灵活使用动名词的知识解题,观察下列句子，他们的共同点是什么？,Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming It is no use arguing with him about such a matter. 动名词作主语,第一部分 动名词做主语 往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 形式： 1.玩火危险 is dangerous. 2 (read)aloud is very important in learning English. 3. (找工作)is difficult these days.,Playing with fire,Reading,Finding a job,动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。,用形式主语it，把真正的主语动名词结构移置句尾。 牢记以下句型： It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做是没用处的 It is useless doing It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得的,即学即练： 1.It is a waste of time it. (争论） 2.It is no use (等他） 3.It is worthwhile 。 (读一本好的小说）,arguing about,waiting for him,reading a good novel.,在there be结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do ” There is no doing,1)这种事开不得玩笑。,There is _ about such matter.,2)无法知道他什么时候离开。,There was _ when he would leave.,注意：There is no need to do sth 干没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doing.,没有必要告诉她。,There is no need to tell her.,no joking,no knowing,_(play)with fire is dangerous. Be careful! _(play)with fire will be dangerous.,to do or v-ing?,Playing,To play,_(swim)is good for our health. _(swim)in this river is not allowed,Swimming,To swim,表示一般或抽象的多次行为,具体的或一次性的动作,第二部分：动名词作宾语,观察下列句子： 1.Yuan longping enjoys listening to music ,swimming and reading. 2.He doest care about being famous. 3.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 4.Organic farmers prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.,(一) 有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语； (二) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式作宾语。（没有区别） (三) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式作宾语.（有区别）,一、动名词作动词宾语,(一).只能接动名词作宾语的动词,avoid consider enjoy keep finish suggest dislike delay escape imagine mind miss practise lead to focus on be fond of give up cannot stand get used to be worth pay attention to be good at devote to dream of feel like insist on look forward to ，,常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:,避免错过少延期 建议完成多练习 喜欢想象禁不住 承认否定与嫉妒 逃避冒险莫原谅 忍受保持不介意,avoid ,miss,postphone,advise,finish,practise,enjoy,imagine,cant help,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk.excuse,stand,keep,mind,注意和跟动词不定式的词的区分,决心学会有希望 同意计划莫假装 忘记拒绝会失败 准备设法来帮忙 提供请求负担起 记得阻止理应当 以上后跟不定式 劝君牢记永不忘,decide learn wish hope,agree plan pretend,forget refuse fail,prepare manage help,offer beg afford,remember stop be supposed,即学活用： 1.I often practise (speak) English. 2.I cant avoid (go)there with him. 3.He decided (experiment) with scientific methods of farming. 4.Tom looked forward to the film this weekend.,speaking,going,seeing,to experiment,(二) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式 作宾语.（没大区别）,1.一些表示喜好或开始动作的动词like,love,hate, prefer ,intend ,begin, start continue等，,1）I started (work)here two years ago. 2）I intended a poem in English.(write) 3）They prefer (spend) their summer vacation in the country.,to work /working,to write /writing,to spend/spending,2. need/want/require/deserve doing sth.=need/want/require/deserve to be done.,4 ) The bike requires (repair) The bike requires . 5 ) My hair needs (cut) My hair needs .,repairing,to be repaired,cutting,to be cut,forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, cant help,(三) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式 作宾语。（有区别）,第一类 ：forget, regret, remember 后跟动名词，表示已经发生的动作； 后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。,I forgot _to her.我忘了曾经给她写过信。 I forgot _to her about it.我忘了给她写信。 I remember_ （see） you somewhere in Beijing. Remember _me tonight.(call) He regretted_ in the exam.(cheat) I regret _that we cant stay here any longer(say),writing,to call,seeing,to cheat,to write,to say,接着做另一件事,继续做原来做的事,第二类：意义不同,go on doing go on to do,mean doing mean to do,意味着要做某事,想要做某事,stop doing stop to do,停止做某事,停下来去做某事,try to do try doing be used to do be used to doing cant help to do cant hep doing,努力，企图做某事,试着做某事,被用于做某事,不能帮忙做某事,忍不住做某事,习惯于做某事,1.He felt tired and stopped .(have a rest) 2. No one answered at the front door.Lets try _at the back door.(knock) 3.I didnt to mean _your feeling.(hurt) 4.I cant help _(clean)the room.For I am too busy. 5.I am used to _ early.(get up) 6.We have finished Part 1.Lets go on _Part2(learn),to have a rest,knocking,to hurt,to clean,to learn,getting up,二、动名词作介词宾语,1.在含有介词的动词短语之后： 2.在单个介词之后：,be interested in, be fond of, think of, be proud of, dream of,with ,of, for,without, against, to, in, besides ,after,before,by,of ,for,1.She left without (say)goodbye to us. 2.What have you been doing besides . (write) the book ? 3.Give me a call before (leave) home. 4.After (play) chess,we watched TV. 5.Only by (work) hard can you improve your English . 6. I like your way of (do) the work.,saying,writing,leaving,playing,working,doing,1.动名词的时态,一般式 doing :1.动名词表示的动作时间不明确2.与谓语动作同时或之后发生。 I enjoy playing football. He is considering going abroad next year. 完成式having done:强调动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。 Having finished the task ahead of time give the boy a good chance.,动名词的几种特殊形式,2.否定形式：在动名词前加not,即not doing 完成式的否定not having done 例：Excuse me for not coming on time. 1)不会使用电脑是一个缺点。 . how to use a computer is a disadvantage. 2)I am sorry for . (没有遵守诺言）,Not knowing,not having kept my promise,3.动名词的复合结构:逻辑主语+动名词,1.形容词性物主代词 my /his /their/her coming 2.名词所有格 Toms /the teachers coming （无生命名词不用) 3.代词宾格 me /him/her/them coming(不用做主语） 4.名词 the teacher/Tom coming（不用做主语）,逻 辑 主 语,1.Tom 去年获得一等奖使他的父母很高兴。 . the first prize made his parents very happy. 2. 你介意我现在离开吗？ Do you mind ? 3.他父亲病了，使他很担心。 . made him worried.,Toms winning,my/me leaving,His fathers being ill,4 动名词的语态,主动式 doing，having done 被动式being done, having been done He insisted on to hospital.(把她送到医院） He insisted on to work at once.（立即被派去工作）,sending her,being sent,课堂小结 动名词做主语,动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上,用形式主语it,在there be结构中,动名词作宾语,只能接动名词作宾语的词,既可后接动名词也可接不定式的词（无区别）,既可后接动名词也可接不定式（有区别）,动名词的几种特殊形式,时态,否定形式,复合结构,语态,作介词宾语,当堂测验,谢谢大家！,