高二英语选修7Unit 4Sharing

Unit 4 Sharing一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. imaginative/imaginable/imaginary 2. dry up/dry out 3. other wise/therefore/however词形变化1. operate v. 操作, 动手术operator n. 操作员, (电话)接线员,operation n. 运转, 操作, 实施2. donate v. 捐赠, 赠予donation n. 捐赠品, 捐款, 贡献3. arrange v. 安排, 排列,arrangement n. 排列, 安排4. adjust v. 调整, 调节adjustable adj.可调整的adjustment n. 调整, 调节, 调节器5.participate v. 参与,分享, participant n. 参与者,participation n. 分享, 参与重点单词1. adjust vt.&vi.调整；使适合. 2. participate vi.参与；参加.3. otherwise adv.用别的方法；其他方面. Adv & conj.否则；不然4. arrangement n.安排；排列. 5. donate vt.捐赠.6. purchase vt.&n.买；购买.7. distribution n.分配；分发；分布状态.8. relevant adj. 有关的, 相应的9. operate v. 操作, 运转, 开动, 起作用重点词组(be) dying to. 极想；渴望. the other day 几天前stick out. 伸出 in need. 在困难中；在危急中.重点句型1. When I reach the school grounds there are lots of “good morning” for me from the boys.2. You asked whether Im getting to know any local people.3. The gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages.重点语法限制性定语从句 (见语法专题) II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). imaginative/imaginable/imaginary adj.【解释】imaginative富有想象力的，创新的imaginable可想象得到的imaginary想象中的，虚构的【练习】选择imaginative/imaginable或imaginary并用其适当的形式填空1) Although the main characters in the novel are so true to life, they are _. 2) Its _ for such an _ writer to create _ stories.3) This is the only solution _. 4) The famous poem was from an _ poet.Keys: 1) imaginary 2) imaginable; imaginative ; imaginary 3) imaginable 4) imaginative2). dry up/dry out 【解释】dry up使完全变干；（河流，湖泊等）干涸dry out变干，干透(不及物短语)【练习】选择dry up或dry out，并用其适当的形式填空1) The farmers pumped water to their fields to stop the soil _.2) The pool _ in the late autumn.3) The villagers had to wait for the sun to _ the dirt road.4) Dont leave the vegetable on the table, or it will _.Keys: 1) drying out 2) dries up 3) dry up 4)dry out3) otherwise/therefore/however【解释】otherwise否则；不然therefore adv.因此, 所以however无论如何, 可是【练习】选择otherwise/therefore或however并用其适当的形式填空1) He didnt work hard at English_ he wouldnt find it difficult to learn now 2) We do not have enough money_we cannot afford to buy the new car 3) The first part was easy；the second，_，took hours 4) He is noisy， but _a nice boy5) We were going to play football，but it was so hot that we decided to do_Keys: 1)otherwise 2)Therefore 3)however 4) otherwise 5)otherwiseIII 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1. operate v. 操作, 动手术operator n. 操作员, (电话)接线员,operation n. 运转, 操作, 实施2. donate v. 捐赠, 赠予donation n. 捐赠品, 捐款, 贡献3. arrange v. 安排, 排列,arrangement n. 排列, 安排4. adjust v. 调整, 调节adjustable adj.可调整的adjustment n. 调整, 调节, 调节器5.participate v. 参与,分享, participant n. 参与者,participation n. 分享, 参与【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) They encouraged the _ to _ in the singing performance after the contest.(participate)2) The doctor are _ on an _ of a factory who got injured when _a machine, and the _ is said to last over ten hours.(operate)3) The seats in the plane are _ , and you can _ them to a certain angle. The _ is not difficult to make. (adjust)4) The drinks were _ to them by coca cola company and they received _from other companies as well. (donate)5) Our department will be in charge of _the conference. Would you please give us some suggestions on the _ for it? (arrange)keys:1) participants; participate 2) operating; operator; operating ; operation 3) adjustable; adjust; adjustment 4) donated; donation 5) arranging; arrangementIV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. adjust vt.&vi.调整；使适合.重点用法 adjustment n 调整；修正adjustable adj 可调节的；可调整的adjust(sthoneself)(to sth)使适应；适应。注意：该词作不及物动词时，其意思是“适应于”，后常跟介词to。典例 1) I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning我通常早上上班前校准我的表.2) It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1新来的同学看来适应了学校生活。3) He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。4)The desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child这些桌子和凳子能被调整到适合任何孩子的高度。练习 汉译英1) 他很快就适应了这种生活方式，从此幸福地生活着。_2) 许多新兵没能很快适应军中生活，结果病倒了。_Keys: 1) He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since2) Quite a few new soldiers could not adjust themselves to army life and fell ill.2. participate vi.参与；参加; 分享重点用法 participant n. 参与者，共享者participate in a discussion参加讨论participate in profits分享利润participate in sb. s sufferings分担某人的痛苦；与某人共患难 典例1) If only I could participate in your good fortune. 要是我能分享你的好运就好了2) When in grief, you need some friends to participate in your suffering.悲伤时，你需要朋友帮你分担痛苦。练习根据括号里所给的中文意思补全句子。1) I managed to get in touch with my old schoolmates graduated in 2003 _ (参加校庆100周年)2) If only_(分享你的好运).3) He is an _ (积极参加社会活动的人).Keys: 1)to participate in the hundredth anniversary of schoo1 Day of our high schoo12)I could participate in your good fortune 3)active participant in social work3. otherwise adv.用别的方法；其他方面. adv & conj.否则；不然重点用法 and otherwise等等；其他but otherwise然而在别的方面却or otherwise或相反典例1) He is slow but otherwise he is a good worker他虽慢，但在其他方面却是个好工人。2) He reminded me of that; I should otherwise have forgotten 幸亏他提醒了我，要不然我就忘了。3) You should go now，otherwise youll miss the bus你现在该走了，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。4) He thinks otherwise他是另外一种想法。练习 汉译英1) 今天我身体不舒服，否则我会去机场接你了。2) 房租贵了些，但其他方面还挺令人满意的。3) 我们得到达那儿，搭乘飞机或者其它方式。Keys: 1) Im not feeling well today; otherwise I would meet you at the airport. 2) The rent is a bit high, but otherwise the house is satisfactory. 3) Well get there somehow, by plan or otherwise.4. arrangement n.安排；排列.典例 1) He arranged the books on the shelf他把书架上的书整理了一下。2) We have arranged a party我们准备了一个晚会。 3) Arranged with her to meet at 8和她商定8点钟见面。重点用法 arrange v安排, 排列, 协商come to an arrangement谈妥；达成协议make arrangement for为做好准备；为做好安排make arrangement with sb与(某人)商定或约好，(和某人)达成协议；做好准备；做出安排练习根据括号里所给的中文意思补全句子。1) The secretary has _ (为这次会议时间和地点做好了安排)the meeting2) The flower shop provided flowers and saw to _. (这花店提供花卉并保证为他们的典礼作好布置。) 3) The doctors had _(为外科手术做好了准备) before the patient was carried inKeys: 1) made the arrangement of a time and place for 2) their arrangement for the ceremony3)made arrangements for surgery5. donate vt.捐赠.重点用法 donation nC捐赠物；nU捐赠，赠送donator n捐赠者donate sth(to sbsth)捐赠，赠送(钱、物等)make a donation(donations)l提示：donate虽然是及物动词，常与介词to搭配，但位于直接宾语前的介词to不能省略。类似用法的词语还有：introduce sbto sb；explain sthto sb等。典例 1) All the teachers and schoolmates donate blood to the nation annually全校师生每年都向国家献血。2) Would you like to make a donation to our charity appeal? 你愿意响应我们慈善团体呼吁来捐物吗?3) Donation is the act of giving to a fund or cause捐赠是对某一基金或事业的赠送行为。练习用donate的相关介词或正确形式填空。1)The Hope Project_ which everyone at work donates a days pay is significant2)Almost a third of the best seats are set aside for members，who have made_ to the opera3)The activity of charity_ is due at 8 tomorrow morning4)The_ refused his name after_ a large sum of money. (donate)Keys: 1)to 2)donations 3)donation 4)donator; donating6. purchase vt.& n.买；购买; (以某种代价)换得；(经过努力)取得，赢得(常与with连用)典例 1) The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house这对新婚夫妇花费了一些钱购买新房子里必需的家具。2) The farm was sold at ten years purchase. 这农场以相当于10年间土地收入的价钱售出。重点用法 made a purchase买件东西leave sbto his purchase让某人自谋生路live on ones purchase 自谋生计，自找活路purchase freedom with blood以血的代价赢得自由purchase and sale买卖 练习根据括号里所给的中文意思补全句子。1) It is _(我前几天买来的一件东西。).2) You cant_(你不努力什么也不能得到).3) He gave his son some money_ (买课本)Keys: 1)a recent purchase of minewhat I purchased the other day 2)get any purchase without effortspurchase anything if you dont make any effort 3)for the purchase ofto purchase his school books7. distribution n.分配；分发；分布状态.重点用法 distribute v. vi. 分配; 散布distribute sth. to把某物分配, 发给.distribute sth. among把某物分配, 发给.典例 1) At present, the distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people.目前利润的分配未能满足大多数人民。2) Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the street.超市开业前，一些工作人员被派去街上散发传单。练习 汉译英1) 幼儿园的老师正在给小朋友们派发礼物。_2）救援物资的发放依然在讨论中。_Keys: 1) The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the small gifts to the children. 2) The distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.8. relevant adj. 有关的, 相应的典例1) More relevant details have been found out.找到了更多有关的细节2) He refused to say anything not relevant to the present question他拒绝回答和目前的问题无关的内容。练习 汉译英1) 要了解更多信息，请登陆相关网站。_2) 你有关于健康饮食的书吗？_Keys: 1) For further information, please refer to relevant website. 2) Have you got any book relevant to healthy diet?9. operate v. 操作, 运转, 开动, 起作用典例1) The medicine operated quickly.这药很快就起作用了。2) He is operating a patient on the head他正在给病人头部做手术3) He helped his father with operating a business.他帮他的父亲经营着一家企业练习 汉译英1) 起初发动机工作正常.2) 这家公司在30多个国家开了快餐店。3) 时下许多小孩擅长于操作电脑。Keys: 1) At the beginning, the motor operated smoothly. 2) The company operates fast-food restaurants in over 30 countries. 3) Nowadays many kids are good at operating computers. V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. be dying for sthto do sth迫切想要；渴望短语归纳be thirsty for sthto do sth渴望典例1) Im dying/thirsty for something to eat.我极想吃点东西。2) She is dying/thirsty to know where you have been。她极想知道你去了哪儿。3) After a long dry season the trees are dying/thirsty for water.经过一个漫长的旱季，树木迫切需要水分。 练习 汉译英1) 我姐姐非常渴望能在外企工作。_2) 我和我的同学们都迫切想看电影马达加斯加 II_Keys: 1) My sister is dying for a chance to work in a foreign enterprise. 2) My classmates and I are dying to see the movie Madagascar II2. the other day 几天前典例1) I came across my old friend in the street in the other day.我几天前在街上碰见一个老朋友。2) I heard of the news in the other day, but I dared not tell you.几天前我就听说这个消息了，但不敢告诉你。练习 汉译英1) 前几天通过的决定已经被执行了。 _2) 几天前发生的车祸让这对老夫妇依然心有余悸。_keys: 1) The decision passed the other day has been carried out. 2) The traffic accidence happening the other day still frightened the old couple.3. stick out. 伸出,突出，坚持到底短语归纳stick to sth. 坚持(to是介词)stick with sbsth继续支持某人某事提示：stick(stuck，stuck)不规则动词典例1) Dont stick your head out of the car window.不要把头伸到车窗外。2) Stick with me and youll be all right有事你来找我就没问题了练习选择填空1) He wore shoes that looked 30 years old, too small for his feet，with holes all over them，his toes_ out Astuck Bcame Cwent Drushed 2) Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _ his opinion.A. stuck at B. stuck to C. stood for D. stuck outKeys: 1) A 【解析】考察短语记忆 B “出来；长出; 出现” C “出去; 熄灭” D “冲出去“2) B【解析】 对固定短语的记忆和句意的理解是解题的关键。A“不断地认真做了顾虑、犹豫（指坏事）；C“主张，容忍，代表，象征”。4. in need. 在困难中；在危急中.短语归纳in need/want of需要the need for sth.对的需要at ones need在某人困难时satisfy/meet ones needs满足某人的需要典例1) After the lack of water for a long tie, crops are in great need of water; 长时间缺水后, 庄稼急需要水.2) As we all know, everyone in the world has a need for affection.我们大家都知道,每个人都有对感情的需要练习 汉译英1) 无论孩子们提出什么要求，家长们总是设法满足他们的需要。_2) 勤奋工作是成功的需要。_Keys: 1) No matter what requirements are raised by children, the parents would manage to satisfy their needs.2) Hard work is the need for success.VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back totheir villages after Year 8 anyway. 有时候，我真想知道化学对这些孩子究竟有多大的用处。他们中大多数学完八年级以后就回到他们的村庄去了。解释名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom引导定语从句典例1) She has two sons, both of whom are serving in the army.她有两个儿子，都在部队服役。2) Today my mother bought several shirts, one of which is for me.今天妈妈买了几件衬衣，其中一件是给我的。练习 汉译英1) 他有许多朋友，但没一个能帮他解决问题。_2) 他向震区孩子捐赠了许多衣物，其中有些是全新的。_Keys: 1) He has many friends, none of whom can help him out of problems. 2)He donated many clothes to the children in earthquake area, many of which are completely new.2. You asked whether Im getting to know any local people.你问我是否了解当地的老百姓。解释get to+喜好/认识，表示渐变的过程。典例1) I got to realize how important the happy life was as I grew older.随着年龄的增长，我逐渐意识到幸福生活的重要性。2) I got to like the flat we were going to move in.我逐渐地喜欢上我们即将搬进去的公寓。练习 汉译英1) 他渐渐地知道了为什么他奶奶那么小心地保存这张相片的原因。_2) 莎莉逐渐意识到她母亲为她做的一切。_Keys: 1) He got to know why his granny kept the photo so carefully. 2) Sally got to realize what her mother did for her.二、课文要点1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：Jo worked at a bush school 1 classroom were made from bamboo and grass. Theres no electricity or water there. It 2 the students about two hours 3 (get) to the school. Jo hoped to make some difference to the Childrens lives by teaching them. The other day, Jo visited Tombes home. When they arrived 4 the village, Tombes mother who 5 (work) in the garden , started crying “ieee ieee”. Tombes father led them to his house, 6 low bamboo hut with grass 7 (突出) out of the roof, 8 he could only see a few tin plates and cups and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept on a 9 (新近地) made platform. They left the village the next morning 10 many goodbyes and shaking of hands. 答案：1. whose2. took3. to get4. at5. had been working6. a7. sticking8. what9. newly10. after2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，试着用30个单词概括课文大意，再比较答案故事讲述了Rosemary作为一名志愿教师在一个遥远的地区工作的经历，并且详细地描述了他第一次到Tombe家探访的故事。 The passage tells us abou_答案：The passage tells us about Rosemarys experience as a volunteer teacher in a poor remote area and also gives us a description of her unforgettable first visit to Tombes family. 3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）1.【原句】The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere. 有一天，我正在给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了。模仿要点 句子结构: when + 时间状语从句+before +时间状语从句【模仿1】陈凯歌，电影梅兰芳的导演，正在为这部电影做大量准备的同时，甚至在它公演前，他都承受着巨大的压力。_答案：Chenkaige, director of MeiLanfang , was making quantities of preparations for the movie when, even before it was put on , he suffered from great stress. 【模仿2】八月的时候我们收到了他的一封信，在此之前我们不知道他已经入伍了。_ 答案：It was August , before we knew he had joined the army, when we received a letter from him. 三、单元自测 1完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2130各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数：215完成时间：14分钟难度：*One very cold, wet night, there was a knock on my front door. A young man, wet from 21 to toe, explained that he had run out of petrol. He had left his pregnant(怀孕的) wife and his two children 22 at the car and said that he would hitchhike(搭便车) back.Once I had 23 a can with petrol, I took him back to his car. Once the car had started, I suggested that he follow me back.Before leaving, I had turned the heater on so that it was nice and 24 . While the little ones played and ran around, I prepared bread and butter for the children, and hot chocolate for the 25 .The young fellow asked me how much he owed me and I told him that the petrol pump(加油泵) had 26 $15. He offered to pay “call-out fee”, but I wouldnt accept it.About a month later, I received a 27 from Interstate, a large bus company. It 28 out that the young fellow I had helped was its general manager, the most 29 person in the company.In his letter, he thanked me again and 30 me that, from then on, all their buses would stop at my service station. In this case, a little bit of kindness was rewarded with a huge amount of benefits.21. A. fingerB. shoulderC. headD. hand22. A. awayB. behindC. overD. out23. A. suppliedB. pouredC. equippedD. filled24. A. neatB. hotC. warmD. attractive25. A. driversB. guestsC. customersD. adults26. A. appearedB. exhibitedC. calculatedD. shown27. A. callB. letterC. checkD. notice28. A. pointedB. turnedC. workedD. found29. A. generousB. successfulC. seriousD. powerful30. A. praisedB. persuadedC. informedD. convinced答案本文主要讲述作者在多年前的一个寒冷的冬天帮助了一家人，没想到令他获得了巨大的利润。21. C 那个年轻人从头到脚都湿了。22. B 固定搭配，leavebehind意为“把留下”，他把他怀孕的妻子和两个孩子留在车里。23. D 固定搭配，fillwith，用装满，作者把油箱装满汽油。24. C 作者把暖气打开了，因此会感到温暖舒适。25. D 上文说为孩子们准备面包和黄油，下文则讲为成年人准备热巧克力。26. D 作者告诉他加油泵显示是15美元。27. B 根据下文提示，作者收到了一封信。28. B 结果证明这位年轻人是这家公司的总经理。29. D 总经理当然是公司里最有权势的人。30. C 他告诉作者他公司里所有的车将会停留在作者的服务站。2语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。词数：147完成时间：7分钟难度：* The origins of the music are as 31 (interest) as the music itself. Jazz 32 (invent) by American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, 33 were brought to the Southern states as slaves. They were sold to farm owners and 34 (force) to work long hours in the cotton and tobacco fields. 35 a Negro died, 36 friends and relatives would gather and carry the body to have a ceremony 37 they buried him. There was always a band with them. On the way to the ceremony the band played slow, solemn music 38 （suit) for the situation. But on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Everyone was happy. Death 39 (remove) one of their members, but 40 living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music. This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of Jazz.答案：31interesting 32was invented 33who 34forced 35When 36his 37before38suitable 39had removed 40the 31interesting令人有趣的 32was invented. Jazz是过去被黑人发明的，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 33who引导一个定语从句，指代前面的American Negroes，or blacks，在从句中作主语。 34forced与前面的“they