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Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Partnerships第一章总则Chapter I General Provisions第一条为了规范合伙公司的行为，保护合伙公司及其合伙人、债权人的合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，增进社会主义市场经济的发展，制定本法。Article 1 This Law is enacted in order to regulate the behavior of partnerships, to protect the lawful rights and interests of partnerships and the partners and creditors therein, to maintain social and economic order, and to promote the development of the socialist market economy.第二条 本法所称合伙公司，是指自然人、法人和其她组织根据本法在中国境内设立的一般合伙公司和有限合伙公司。 一般合伙公司由一般合伙人构成，合伙人对合伙公司债务承当无限连带责任。本法对一般合伙人承当责任的形式有特别规定的，从其规定。有限合伙公司由一般合伙人和有限合伙人构成，一般合伙人对合伙公司债务承当无限连带责任，有限合伙人以其认缴的出资额为限对合伙公司债务承当责任。Article 2 For the purposes of this Law, “partnerships” refer to both general partnerships and limited liability partnerships, both of which are established according to this Law by natural persons, legal persons or other organizations within the territory of China.A general partnership is composed of general partners who bear unlimited joint and several liability for the debts of the partnership. Where there are special provisions in this Law on the forms of liability borne by general partners, those provisions shall prevail.A limited liability partnership is composed of general partners and limited partners, with the former bearing unlimited joint and several liability for the debts of the partnership and the latter bearing liability for such debts respectively within the limits of the capital contributions subscribed for.第三条国有独资公司、国有公司、上市公司以及公益性的事业单位、社会团队不得成为一般合伙人。Article 3 A wholly State-owned company, a State-owned enterprise, a listed company, or a public welfare undertaking or public organization shall not become a general partner.第四条 合伙合同依法由全体合伙人协商一致、以书面形式签订。Article 4 A partnership agreement shall be lawfully concluded, in written form, on the basis of agreement reached by all the partners through consultation.第五条签订合伙合同、设立合伙公司，应当遵循自愿、平等、公平、诚实信用原则。Article 5 The principles of free will, equality, fairness and good faith shall be observed in concluding a partnership agreement and establishing a partnership.第六条合伙公司的生产经营所得和其她所得，按照国家有关税收规定，由合伙人分别缴纳所得税。Article 6 The partners of a partnership shall, according to the tax regulations of the State, respectively pay taxes on the partnerships incomes derived from production, business operation and other sources.第七条合伙公司及其合伙人必须遵守法律、行政法规，遵守社会公德、商业道德，承当社会责任。Article 7 A partnership and its partners shall abide by laws and administrative regulations, observe social and business ethics and shoulder social responsibility.第八条合伙公司及其合伙人的合法财产及其权益受法律保护。Article 8 The lawful property and rights and interests of a partnership and the partners therein shall be protected by law.第九条 申请设立合伙公司，应当向公司登记机关提交登记申请书、合伙合同书、合伙人身份证明等文献。 合伙公司的经营范畴中有属于法律、行政法规规定在登记前须经批准的项目的，该项经营业务应当依法通过批准，并在登记时提交批准文献。Article 9 For the application for establishment of a partnership, such documents as a written application for registration, a partnership agreement and the identity papers of the partners shall be submitted to the enterprise registration authority.Where within the business scope of a partnership there is any item for which approval is required prior to registration of the partnership, as provided for by laws or administrative regulations, such approval shall be obtained according to law and the approval document shall be submitted when applying for registration.第十条 合伙公司的经营范畴中有属于法律、行政法规规定在登记前须经批准的项目的，该项经营业务应当依法通过批准，并在登记时提交批准文献。 除前款规定情形外，公司登记机关应当自受理申请之日起二十日内，作出与否登记的决定。予以登记的，发给营业执照；不予登记的，应当予以书面答复，并阐明理由。Article 10 Where the application materials submitted for registration by an applicant are complete and conform to the statutory form, the enterprise registration authority shall, if it can, grant the registration on the spot and issue a business license.In the absence of what is prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the enterprise registration authority shall, within 20 days from the date it receives an application for registration, decide whether or not to grant registration. If it decides to grant registration, it shall issue a business license; otherwise, it shall give a written reply and state the reasons.第十一条合伙公司的营业执照签发日期，为合伙公司成立日期。合伙公司领取营业执照前，合伙人不得以合伙公司名义从事合伙业务。Article 11 The date of issuance of the business license to a partnership shall be the date of establishment of the partnership.Before a partnership obtains the business license, no partner therein shall engage in any partnership activities in the name of the partnership.第十二条合伙公司设立分支机构，应当向分支机构所在地的公司登记机关申请登记，领取营业执照。Article 12 Where a partnership intends to set up a branch, it shall apply for registration to the enterprise registration authority at the place where the branch is to be located, in order to obtain a business license.第十三条合伙公司登记事项发生变更的，执行合伙事务的合伙人应当自作出变更决定或者发生变更事由之日起十五日内，向公司登记机关申请办理变更登记。Article 13 Where a registered item of a partnership needs to be altered, the managing partner shall, within 15 days from the date a decision on alteration is made or the cause for alteration arises, apply to the enterprise registration authority for registration of alteration.第二章一般合伙公司第一节合伙公司设立Chapter II General PartnershipsSection 1 Establishment of a Partnership第十四条设立合伙公司，应当具有下列条件：（一）有二个以上合伙人。合伙人为自然人的，应当具有完全民事行为能力；（二）有书面合伙合同；（三）有合伙人认缴或者实际缴付的出资；（四）有合伙公司的名称和生产经营场合；（五）法律、行政法规规定的其她条件。Article 14 For establishment of a partnership, the following conditions shall be met:（1） having two or more partners. If a partner is a natural person, he shall have full capacity for civil conduct;（2） having a written partnership agreement;（3） having capital subscribed for or actually contributed by partners;（4） having a name for the partnership as well as production and business premises; and（5） other conditions provided for by laws and administrative regulations.第十五条合伙公司名称中应当标明“一般合伙”字样。Article 15 The words “general partnership” shall be clearly indicated in the name of a partnership.第十六条合伙人可以用货币、实物、知识产权、土地使用权或者其她财产权利出资，也可以用劳务出资。 合伙人以实物、知识产权、土地使用权或者其她财产权利出资，需要评估作价的，可以由全体合伙人协商拟定，也可以由全体合伙人委托法定评估机构评估。合伙人以劳务出资的，其评估措施由全体合伙人协商拟定，并在合伙合同中载明。Article 16 A partner may make capital contributions in cash or in kind, or in the form of intellectual property rights, land-use right or other property rights, or labor services.Where a partner makes capital contributions in kind or in the form of intellectual property rights, land-use right or other property rights, the value of which needs to be assessed, the value may be determined by all the partners through consultation, or be assessed by a statutory assessment institution authorized by all the partners.Where a partner makes capital contributions in the form of labor services, the method of assessment shall be determined by all the partners through consultation and be clearly stated in the partnership agreement.第十七条合伙人应当按照合伙合同商定的出资方式、数额和缴付期限，履行出资义务。以非货币财产出资的，根据法律、行政法规的规定，需要办理财产权转移手续的，应当依法办理。Article 17 A partner shall fulfill the obligation of capital contributions in compliance with the form, amount and time limit for contribution, as are specified in the partnership agreement.Where capital contributions are made with non-monetary property and, according to the provisions of laws or administrative regulations, formalities for transfer of the said property need to be completed, such formalities shall be completed according to law.第十八条合伙合同应当载明下列事项：（一）合伙公司的名称和重要经营场合的地点；（二）合伙目的和合伙经营范畴；（三）合伙人的姓名或者名称、住所；（四）合伙人的出资方式、数额和缴付期限；（五）利润分派、亏损分担方式；（六）合伙事务的执行；（七）入伙与退伙；（八）争议解决措施；（九）合伙公司的解散与清算；（十）违约责任。Article 18 In a partnership agreement, the following items shall be stated clearly:（1） the name of the partnership and the location of its principal premises for business;（2） the objectives of partnership and the scope of business of the partnership;（3） the names or titles, and domiciles of the partners;（4） the form, amount and time limit for capital contributions to be made by the partners;（5） the way of distributing profits and sharing losses;（6） the management of partnership affairs;（7） the entering into and retiring from the partnership;（8） the method of dispute settlement;（9） the dissolution and liquidation of the partnership; and（10） the liability for breech of agreement.第十九条合伙合同经全体合伙人签名、盖章后生效。合伙人按照合伙合同享有权利，履行义务。修改或者补充合伙合同，应当经全体合伙人一致批准；但是，合伙合同另有商定的除外。合伙合同未商定或者商定不明确的事项，由合伙人协商决定；协商不成的，根据本法和其她有关法律、行政法规的规定解决。Article 19 A partnership agreement shall become effective after all the partners have signed or affixed their seals to it. A partner shall enjoy rights and undertake liabilities in accordance with the partnership agreement.Amendment and supplement to the partnership agreement shall be subject to agreement reached by all the partners, unless otherwise stipulated in the partnership agreement.For a matter which is not included in the partnership agreement or which is not clearly stated in the agreement, it shall be decided on by the partners through consultation; where consultation fails, it shall be handled according to the provisions of this Law and of other laws or administrative regulations.第二节 合伙公司财产Section 2 Property of a Partnership第二十条合伙人的出资、以合伙公司名义获得的收益和依法获得的其她财产，均为合伙公司的财产。Article 20 All the capital contributions made by the partners, the incomes derived, and other property lawfully obtained, in the name of the partnership constitute the property of the partnership.第二十一条合伙人在合伙公司清算前，不得祈求分割合伙公司的财产；但是，本法另有规定的除外。合伙人在合伙公司清算前擅自转移或者处分合伙公司财产的，合伙公司不得以此对抗善意第三人。Article 21 Prior to liquidation of a partnership, no partner may request to divide the property of the partnership, unless otherwise provided for in this Law.Where, prior to liquidation of a partnership, a partner privately transfers or disposes of the property of the partnership, the partnership shall not set it up against a bona fide third party.第二十二条除合伙合同另有商定外，合伙人向合伙人以外的人转让其在合伙公司中的所有或者部分财产份额时，须经其她合伙人一致批准。合伙人之间转让在合伙公司中的所有或者部分财产份额时，应当告知其她合伙人。Article 22 When a partner intends to assign all or part of his shares of the partnership property to anyone other than the partners therein, he shall obtain consent of all the other partners, unless otherwise stipulated in the partnership agreement.When a partner intends to assign all or part of his shares of the partnership property to another partner, he shall notify the rest of the partners.第二十三条合伙人向合伙人以外的人转让其在合伙公司中的财产份额的，在同等条件下，其她合伙人有优先购买权；但是，合伙合同另有商定的除外。Article 23 Where a partner assigns his shares of the partnership property to anyone other than the partners therein, the other partners shall, under equal conditions, enjoy first priority in purchasing his shares, unless otherwise stipulated in the partnership agreement.第二十四条合伙人以外的人依法受让合伙人在合伙公司中的财产份额的，经修改合伙合同即成为合伙公司的合伙人，根据本法和修改后的合伙合同享有权利，履行义务。Article 24 When anyone other than the partners lawfully obtains a partners assigned shares of property of a partnership, he shall, upon amendment made to the partnership agreement, become a partner in the partnership, and enjoy the rights and undertake the liabilities in accordance with this Law and the amended partnership agreement.第二十五条合伙人以其在合伙公司中的财产份额出质的，须经其她合伙人一致批准；未经其她合伙人一致批准，其行为无效，由此给善意第三人导致损失的，由行为人依法承当补偿责任。Article 25 Where a partner intends to put his shares of property in a partnership to pledge, he shall obtain consent of all the other partners; without such consent, his act in question shall be invalid and, if losses are caused to a bona fide third party, he shall be liable for the losses according to law.第三节合伙事务执行Section 3 Management of Partnership Affairs第二十六条合伙人对执行合伙事务享有同等的权利。按照合伙合同的商定或者经全体合伙人决定，可以委托一种或者数个合伙人对外代表合伙公司，执行合伙事务。作为合伙人的法人、其她组织执行合伙事务的，由其委派的代表执行。Article 26 All partners shall enjoy equal right in the management of partnership affairs.One or more partners may, in accordance with the partnership agreement or through decision by all the partners, be authorized to represent the partnership in its relations with people outside the partnership and to manage partnership affairs.Where a legal person or any other organization manages partnership affairs in the capacity of a partner, it shall send its representative to manage such affairs.第二十七条根据本法第二十六条第二款规定委托一种或者数个合伙人执行合伙事务的，其她合伙人不再执行合伙事务。不执行合伙事务的合伙人有权监督执行事务合伙人执行合伙事务的状况。Article 27 Where one or more partners are authorized to manage partnership affairs, as provided for in the second paragraph of Article 26 of this Law, no other partners shall manage such affairs.The partners not managing partnership affairs shall have the right to supervise the management of such affairs by the managing partners.第二十八条由一种或者数个合伙人执行合伙事务的，执行事务合伙人应当定期向其她合伙人报告事务执行状况以及合伙公司的经营和财务状况，其执行合伙事务所产生的收益归合伙公司，所产生的费用和亏损由合伙公司承当。合伙人为理解合伙公司的经营状况和财务状况，有权查阅合伙公司会计账簿等财务资料。Article 28 Where partnership affairs are managed by one or more partners, the managing partner（s） shall, at regular intervals, report to the other partners the state of management and business operations and the financial status of the partnership and the incomes derived from management of partnership affairs shall belong to the partnership and the expenses or losses entailed shall be borne by the partnership.Partners shall have the right to consult such financial data as the accounting books of the partnership in order to become acquainted with the state of business operations and the financial status of the partnership.第二十九条合伙人分别执行合伙事务的，执行事务合伙人可以对其她合伙人执行的事务提出异议。提出异议时，应当暂停该项事务的执行。如果发生争议，根据本法第三十条规定作出决定。受委托执行合伙事务的合伙人不按照合伙合同或者全体合伙人的决定执行事务的，其她合伙人可以决定撤销该委托。Article 29 Where partners manage partnership affairs separately, one managing partner may raise objections to the management done by another. In that event, management of the affairs in question shall be suspended. If any dispute arises, a decision on the matter may be made according to the provisions in Article 30 of this Law.Where a partner authorized to manage partnership affairs fails to do it according to the partnership agreement or the decision made by all the partners, the other partners may decide to revoke the authorization.第三十条合伙人对合伙公司有关事项作出决策，按照合伙合同商定的表决措施办理。合伙合同未商定或者商定不明确的，实行合伙人一人一票并经全体合伙人过半数通过的表决措施。本法对合伙公司的表决措施另有规定的，从其规定。Article 30 Where the partners intend to adopt a resolution on a matter relating to the partnership, the method of vote stipulated in the partnership agreement shall be used. Where no such method is stipulated or clearly stipulated in the partnership agreement, the method whereby one person has one vote and a resolution is adopted by a majority vote of all the partners shall be used.Where this Law provides otherwise with respect to the method of vote for a partnership, such provisions shall prevail.第三十一条除合伙合同另有商定外，合伙公司的下列事项应当经全体合伙人一致批准：（一）变化合伙公司的名称；（二）变化合伙公司的经营范畴、重要经营场合的地点；（三）处分合伙公司的不动产；（四）转让或者处分合伙公司的知识产权和其她财产权利；（五）以合伙公司名义为她人提供担保；（六）聘任合伙人以外的人担任合伙公司的经营管理人员。Article 31 Unless otherwise stipulated in the partnership agreement, the following matters relating to a partnership shall be subject to consent of all the partners:（1） alteration of the name of the partnership;（2） alteration of the business scope or the main business premises of the partnership;（3） disposal of the immovables of the partnership;（4） assignment or disposal of the intellectual property rights or other property rights of the partnership;（5） provision of guaranty for another person in the name of the partnership; and（6） appointment of persons other than the partners as managers of the partnership.第三十二条合伙人不得自营或者同她人合伙经营与本合伙公司相竞争的业务。除合伙合同另有商定或者经全体合伙人一致批准外，合伙人不得同本合伙公司进行交易。合伙人不得从事损害本合伙公司利益的活动。Article 32 No partner may, by himself or through cooperation with another person, engage in business in competition with the partnership in which he is a partner.No partner may conduct business transactions with the partnership in which he is a partner, unless otherwise stipulated in the partnership agreement or consented by all the partners.No person may engage in any activities that harm the interests of the partnership in which he is a partner.第三十三条合伙公司的利润分派、亏损分担，按照合伙合同的商定办理；合伙合同未商定或者商定不明确的，由合伙人协商决定；协商不成的，由合伙人按照实缴出资比例分派、分担；无法拟定出资比例的，由合伙人平均分派、分担。合伙合同不得商定将所有利润分派给部分合伙人或者由部分合伙人承当所有亏损。Article 33 The profits or losses of a partnership shall be distributed among or borne by the partners according to the partnership agreement; where such matter is not stipulated or not clearly stipulated in the partnership agreement, it shall be decided on by the partners through consultation; where consultation fails, the profits or losses shall be shared pro rata by all the partners on the basis of their actual capital contributions; where the proportions of the capital contributions made by the partners cannot be determined, the profits or losses shall be equally shared by all of them.A partnership agreement may not stipulate that all the profits are distributed among part of the partners or all the losses are borne by part of the partners.第三十四条合伙人按照合伙合同的商定或者经全体合伙人决定，可以增长或者减少对合伙公司的出资。Article 34 A partner may, in conformity with the partnership agreement or the decision by all the partners, increase or reduce his capital contributions to the partnership.第三十五条被聘任的合伙公司的经营管理人员应当在合伙公司授权范畴内履行职务。被聘任的合伙公司的经营管理人员，超越合伙公司授权范畴履行职务，或者在履行职务过程中因故意或者重大过错给合伙公司导致损失的，依法承当补偿责任。Article 35 A manager appointed by a partnership shall fulfill his duties within the scope of power authorized by the partnership.Where a manager appointed by a partnership causes losses to the partnership by performing his duties beyond the scope of power authorized by the partnership, or by intentional acts or through gross negligence in the course of performance of his duties, he shall be liable for the losses according to law.第三十六条合伙公司应当根据法律、行政法规的规定建立公司财务、会计制度。Article 36 A partnership shall establish its financial and accounting systems in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.第四节合伙公司与第三人关系Section 4 Relationship of a Partnership to a Third Party第三十七条合伙公司对合伙人执行合伙事务以及对外代表合伙公司权利的限制，不得对抗善意第三人。Article 37 A partnership may not use restrictions, which it places on the rights of the partners in managing partnership affairs and representing the partnership in its relations with people outside the partnership, against a bona fide third party.第三十八条合伙公司对其债务，应先以其所有财产进行清偿。Article 38 A partnership shall first pay off its debts with all of its property.第三十九条合伙公司不能清偿到期债务的，合伙人承当无限连带责任。Article 39 Where a partnership cannot cover its debts due, the partners shall bear unlimited joint and several liability.第四十条合伙人由于承当无限连带责任，清偿数额超过本法第三十三条第一款规定的其亏损分担比例的，有权向其她合伙人追偿。Article 40 Where the amount of debts paid off by a partner, due to his unlimited joint and several liability, exceeds the proportion of the losses he should bear as prescribed in the first paragraph of Article 33 of this Law, he shall have the right to claim recovery from the other partners.第四十一条合伙人发生与合伙公司无关的债务，有关债权人不得以其债权抵销其对合伙公司的债务；也不得代位行使合伙人在合伙公司中的权利。Article 41 Where a partner happens to owe debts which are unrelated to the partnership, the creditor concerned may not use his claim against the said partner to offset the debts he owes to the partnership, nor may he exercise in subrogation the rights enjoyed by the said partner in the partnership.第四十二条合伙人的自有财产局限性清偿其与合伙公司无关的债务的，该合伙人可以以其从合伙公司中分取的收益用于清偿；债权人也可以依法祈求人民法院强制执行该合伙人在合伙公司中的财产份额用于清偿。人民法院强制执行合伙人的财产份额时，应当告知全体合伙人，其她合伙人有优先购买权；其她合伙人未购买，又不批准将该财产份额转让给她人的，根据本法第五十一条的规定为该合伙人办理退伙结算，或者办理削减该合伙人相应财产份额的结算。Article 42 Where a partners personal property is not sufficient to pay off his debts unrelated to the partnership, he may use the proceeds distributed to him by the partnership to clear off his debts; and the creditor, on his part, may, according to law, apply to a peoples court for compulsory execution of the partner
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