2022年考博英语-全国医学统考考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）套卷62

2022年考博英语-全国医学统考考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题14.问题1选项A.To take a month off work.B.To rest in bed as much as possible.C.To take some herbal medicine.D.To put on plaster.【答案】D【解析】A: Here is my X-rays.B: Ill just have a look. Everything is OK except what you can see here. There is a hemi-fracture. Its not very serious, but you should take a month off work and rest in bed as much as possible. Ill give some herbal medicine to help you heal quickly.A: Do I need to put in plaster?B: No, it isnt necessary.Q: Which of the following is not among the doctors suggestion?【解析】细节题。医生认为不需要打石膏。2. 单选题14.问题1选项A.Saturday morning.B.Saturday night.C.Sunday afternoon.D.Next weekend.【答案】D【解析】W: If you go to the football game on Saturday night and concert or play on Sunday, you wont have much time to study.M: Well, I can do that the weekend after this one.Q: When does the man plan to study?【解析】男士说：I can do that the weekend (我可以下周末再做)。3. 单选题26-30问题1选项A.Helplessness and worthlessness.B.Feeling like a loser.C.Suicidal feeling.D.All of the above.问题2选项A.It encourages the patient to be a top student at school.B.It motivates the patient to work better than others.C.It makes it easy for the patient to make friends.D.It helps the patient hold a positive attitude.问题3选项A.By encouraging the patient to do the opposite at school.B.By urging the patient to face any challenge in reality.C.By making the patient aware of his or her existence.D.By changing the patients perspective.问题4选项A.Those who stop taking antidepressants.B.Those who ask for more medications.C.Those who are on the medications.D.Those who abuse the medications.问题5选项A.Anxiousness.B.Nausea.C.Fever.D.Insomnia.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】“Most people think when they are depressed, it just means you feel sad”, says Doctor R, a psychiatrist with Cornell university medical college. In fact, the so-call commonest symptoms of depression are probably the most painful for a lot of people which are a feeling that you are useless, worthless, unlovable, no good or loser. (26) A commonest symptom and a most extreme symptom, of course, is a suicidal feeling where you feel so hopeless that you dont believe anything will get better and you are better off.Combined therapy challenges that kind of thinking. For example, say, you are a depressed teen, someone at school says something credible, typically that might lead you to think you are a completely loser. (27)(28)DoctorF says the Combined therapy help patients see all the time they have been successful, both at school and with friends. It is completely the opposite of how you feel. So you challenge them with reality. And then you correct their dysfunctional release and that will actually change the way they feel, F says. Its a sort of personal reality check that will connect experience in context. (29) Once the combination of medication and therapy work, patient may decide to stop taking anti-depressants. But they should do so with caution because they may experience side effect. They can get rebound kind of symptoms. (30) It can grow things like feeling anxious, or having insomnia, very dizzy and having Nausea.26. What is the most serious feeling for people who are depressed?【解析】根据录音可知，很多抑郁症的人会觉得自己无用、没有价值、爰无能或者有失败的感觉。但是，最严重的一种感觉是想自杀的感觉。故C为正确选项。27. From which angle can the combined therapy help?【解析】通过录音可知，这个疗法能使得抑郁症患者觉得自己很成功，由此推理可知，该疗法是通过让病人持有积极的态度来进行治疗的。故本题选D。28. How can people in depression be changed after the treatment?【解析】通过上文的解析可知，D为正确答案。29. Who are more likely to suffer from some side effects?【解析】通过录音可知，一旦药物治疗和心理治疗起作用了，病人就可以停止服用镇静药物，但极有可能遭受一些副作用（side effect）。因此本题答案为A。30. Which of the following is not the side-effects of stopping medicine?【解析】从录音中可知，停药后的副作用可以是焦虑（anxiousness）、呕吐（nausea）、 失眠（insomnia），但并未提及发烧（fever），因此本题答案为C。4. 单选题16-20问题1选项A.It is a genetic disorder.B.It is a respiratory condition in pigs.C.It is an illness from birds to humans.D.It is a gastric ailment.问题2选项A.Eating pork.B.Raising pigs.C.Eating chicken.D.Breeding birds.问题3选项A.Running nose.B.Inappetence.C.Pains all over.D.Diarrhea.问题4选项A.To stay from crowds.B.To see the doctor immediately.C.To avoid medications.D.To go to the nearby clinic20.问题5选项A.It is a debate.B.It is a TV program.C.It is a consultation.D.It is a workshop.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:B【解析】W: Hello doctor Smith, (20) welcome to our program “Health Journey”. Could you tell us something about swine flu?M: Well, (16) its a common respiratory ailment in pigs that doesnt usually spread to people.W: But why are so many people infected?M: Unlike most cases, this flu virus appears to be a sub-type not seen before in humans or pigs. It has genetic material from pigs, birds and humans, according to the WHO.W: Then why is it called swine flu? Why pigs are the carriers of this virus?M: Um. Is closer to say that pigs were the mixing balls for this virus.W: What does it mean?M: I mean birds cannot pass bird flu to people. But pigs are susceptible to getting flu viruses that infected birds. The virus inside the infected pig might mutate to a form that could also infect other mammals.W: Wow, so complicated. By the way, can we catch swine flu from eating pork?M: Actually, ill pigs are not allowed to enter the market. Cooking also kills the virus. (17) Only people who work with pigs can catch the virus.W: How do they feel if infected?M: (18) The most common symptoms are fever, fatigue, lack of appetite and coughing. Although some people also develop runny nose, sore throat, vomiting or diarrhea.W: What should we do if we have these symptoms?M: (19) Stay home from work or school. Dont get on a plane. Call your doctors to ask about the best treatment. Dont simply show up at the clinic or hospital that is unprepared for your arrival.W: Say, the antiviral study. How is it going?M: This strain of swine flu does appear sensitive to the antiviral drugs Relenza(瑞乐沙) and Tamiflu(达菲), but not to Amantadine and Remantadine.W: Weve learned a lot tonight. Thanks for your coming. Doctor Smith.M: Its my pleasure.16. What do we know about swine flu?【解析】对话开始提到猪流感是“一种猪身上很常见的呼吸道疾病，通常不会传染给人”。故选B。17. What may cause people to have swine flu?【解析】对话中男士说“Only people who work with pigs can catch the virus”，只有那些在工作中跟猪接触的人才会感染病毒。18. According to the dialogue, which is among the most common symptoms of swine flu?【解析】对话中提到常见症状包括“fever, fatigue, lack of appetite and coughing”，B选项“食欲不振”正确。19. What does the speaker advice the suspects of swine flu to do?【解析】对话中男士给出的建议是不要上学或去工作，要待在家，并且打电话咨询医生如何治疗，而不是立刻去诊所或医院。20. What can be said of the dialogue?【解析】对话开头便说道“welcome to our program Health Journey”，最后又说学到很多，感谢对方到来，可以推测这是一个电视节目。5. 单选题问题1选项A.The woman needs a treatment.B.The woman didnt get paid this week.C.The man will probably pay for the dinner.D.The man will split the bill with the woman.【答案】C【解析】6. M: Lets eat out tonight, shall we?W: Im broke. Ive gone through my paycheck for the week already.M: Dont worry about it. Its my treat.Q: Whats can be inferred from the conversation.【试题答案】C【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：从这段交谈中可以得出什么？由文中“Dont worry about it. Its my treat.（不用担心，我请客）”，可知C选项“The man will probably pay for the dinner.（男士有可能买单）”符合原文。A选项“这个女人需要治疗”；B选项“这个女人这周没有拿到工资”；D选项“男士将与女士AA制”不符合原文。6. 单选题6.问题1选项A.To queue for a ticket.B.To take mans offer.C.To buy a ticket online.D.To try an agency.【答案】C【解析】W: Im finding it difficult to get the train to get home for the Spring Festival. Last year, I stood for 24 hours from Beijing to Chengdu. So, I need a seat this year. Any ideas?M: You can try going online. I know there are a few sites that offer tickets.W: Thats worth the try. Thanks.Q: What is the woman going to do next?【解析】态度方向题。男士推荐网上购票，女士说：Thats worth the try，因此女士可能会采纳建议。7. 单选题21-25问题1选项A.He is a man who has a gene of longevity.B.He is a professor at Boston University.C.He is the owner of the website T.D.He is the creator of a website on longevity.问题2选项A.Women dont like red meat as much as men.B.The high estrogen level in women makes the differences.C.Women develop cardiovascular disease much later than men.D.The incidence of cardiovascular disease is much lower in women.问题3选项A.in their 50s and 60s.B.in their 60s and 70s.C.in their 70s and 80s.D.in their 80s and 90s.问题4选项A.Calcium.B.Lodine (骨关节炎).C.Zinc.D.Iron.问题5选项A.The reason why red meat is harmful to health.B.The reason why vegetarian food is so popular.C.Another possibility for womens longevity.D.The important role iron plays in cellular reactions.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】Across the industrialized world, women still live 5 to 10 years longer than men. Among people over 100 years old, 85% are women, (21) according to Tom Perls, founder of the New England Centenarian Study at Boston University and creator of the website Living to . T asks him why.Why do women live longer than men?(22)One important reason is the big delayand advantagewomen have over men in terms of cardiovascular disease, like heart attack and stroke. (23) Women develop these problems usually in their 70s and 80s, about 10 years later than menwho develop them in their 50s and 60s. For a long time, doctors thought the difference was due to estrogen. But studies have shown that this may not be the case, and now we know that giving estrogen to women post-menopause can actually be bad for them. Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE (24)(25) One reason for that delay in onset of cardiovascular disease could be that women are relatively iron-deficient compared to menespecially younger men, those in their late teens and early 20sbecause of menstruation. Iron plays an very important part in the reactions in our cells that produce damaging free radicals, which glue onto cell membranes and DNA, and may translate into aging the cell. In fact, in our diets, red meat is the main source of iron, and lack of iron is probably one major reason that being vegetarian is healthy for you. There was a very good study looking at the intake of red meat and heart disease in Leiden in the Netherlands: in regions where people didnt eat red meat, those populations had half the rate of heart attack and stroke compared to the populations that did eat red meat. 21. According to the passage, what is true about Tom Perls, founder of the New England Centenarian Study?【解析】细节题。此人是波士顿大学某个研究中心的，但并未说他是教授。故选D22. According to Tom Perls, which of the following might be an important reason that women live longer than men?【解析】细节题。根据文中所述，女性比男性普遍寿命长的原因是女性患心脑血管疾病的年纪比男性晚。23. According to the passage, when do men usually develop cardiovascular disease?【解析】细节题。文中说到女性通常在七八十岁时出现问题，比男性晚10年左右，而男性则在六七十岁时出现问题。24. Compared to men, which of the following is women relatively deficient in?【解析】细节题。文中说到女性因为例假造成铁元素缺乏。25. What might the next paragraph discuss?【解析】细节题。本文主题讲到one of the reasons证明下文还要讲其它原因，故选C。8. 单选题12.问题1选项A.He was unhappy.B.He was feeling a bit unwell.C.He went to see the doctor.D.The weather was nasty.【答案】B【解析】W: Why didnt you come to work yesterday? M: I was feeling a little under the weather. W: Did you go to see the doc? M: No, nothing serious. Q: Why didnt the man go to work yesterday? 【解析】固定词组。男士说：I was feeling a little under the weather，即他没去上班是因为身体不适。9. 单选题9.问题1选项A.She is an odd character.B.She is very pick.C.She is very easy-going.D.She lies fashion.【答案】A【解析】M: There is one girl at my school whom everybody picks on. W: Why? M: Because she doesnt wear what everybody else wears. Q: What can be inferred about the girl in question? 【解析】推断题。男士说：Because she doesnt wear what everybody else wears（她的穿着从来都是与众不同），由此推断她的个性与常人迥异。10. 单选题12.问题1选项A.To go to Susan for advice.B.To try to think like Susan.C.To break up with Susan.D.To have a date with Susan.【答案】A【解析】M: Men are from Mars, and women are from Venus. Its really hard for me to understand Emily.W: Susan is the best friend of Emily, why dont you pick her brain?Q: What does the woman advice the man to do?【解析】细节题。女士提议：Susan is the best friend of Emily, why dont you pick her brain? 即建议去找Susan了解一下。11. 单选题7.问题1选项A.He is a big-wave surfer.B.He is a trouble maker.C.He is a nice guy.D.He is very weird.【答案】B【解析】W: Joe is always trying to make waves.M: Right. He is really a jerk.Q: What do the speakers think of Joe?【解析】细节题。男士说：He is really a jerk(他是一个不折不扣的混蛋)。12. 单选题13.问题1选项A.It is only a cough.B.its a minor illness.C.It started two weeks ago.D.Its extremely serious.【答案】C【解析】M: How long could you have these symptoms? W: Oh, I have the cough for two weeks, but feeling ill just seem to past a few days. Q: What do we know about the womans illness? 【解析】女士说：I have the cough for two weeks，即咳嗽是两周前开始的。13. 单选题11.问题1选项A.Sea food.B.Dairy products.C.Vegetables and fruit.D.Heavy food.【答案】D【解析】W: How long does the pain last when you get it? M: It comes and goes! Sometimes I hardly feel anything, other times it can last up to half an hour or more. W: Is there a type of food that seems to cause stronger pain than other types? M: Um, heavy foods like steak or lasagna usually brings it on, Ive been trying to avoid those. Q: What type of food seems to cause stronger pain to the man? 【解析】细节题。男士说heavy food通常会造成这种疼痛。14. 单选题Passage One问题1选项A.Robots will take over the world.B.Robots will render them jobless.C.Robots can be overused in homes.D.Robots can be controlling their lives.22.问题2选项A.It is well developed for home use.B.It still has technical obstacles to overcome.C.It can work in dangerous places or situations.D.It has the potential to be built with a laser device.23.问题3选项A.Rising cost of labor.B.Increasing amount of wealth.C.Growing number of aged people.D.Pressing needs for modernization.24.问题4选项A.Enthusiastic.B.Indifferent.C.Doubtful.D.Resentful.25.问题5选项A.Peoples affordability.B.Peoples acceptance.C.Technical advances.D.Market promotion.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:C第5题:B【解析】Robots have been in the news a lot lately. And a recent poll found that 1/3 of the UK public is concerned that robots will take over their jobs. But what about robots in the home? One of the most popular robots for the home is a robot vacuum cleaner, which can also massively clean your home with very little human input. Anita robotics is a company started by a group of robotics engineers from Stanford University. They wanted to use robots to perform human chores at an affordable price. The technology they developed for their vacuum cleaners uses a laser Guide system to map out the home in 360 degrees. This enables the machine to avoid obstacles and dangers like stairs. A lot of southern European countries are embracing this category and also in Scandinavia.The Scandinavian market has been very interesting. Theyve done a lot of research in trying to modernize their wealth, where they have a growing aging population. And they are looking to deploy robotic vacuum cleaners in old peoples homes to actually do the cleaning. And now, almost 30 % of the users are over 55 years of age. Its a very broad spectrum of people. In the UK, there has been a relatively slow adoption of robots in the home. I think maybe as a culture, were a bit more skeptical on how good can these rebels really perform and take the place of doing my vacuuming? I believe this will take a while before robots are able to do everything for us, at least in the UK. It also depends on peoples willingness to allow these machines into our daily lives.21. What was the concern in the recent poll?【试题答案】B【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：最近的民意调查关注的是什么？由文中“And a recent poll found that 1/3 of the UK public is concerned that robots take over their jobs.（最近的一项民意调查表明三分之一的英国民众对机器人会取代他们的工作表示关注。）”，可知B选项“Robots will render them jobless.（机器人会使他们失业。）”符合原文。A选项“机器人会统治世界”；C选项“机器人在家会被过度使用”；D选项“机器人可以控制他们的生活”不符合原文。22. What can we learn about the robot vacuum cleaner?【试题答案】A【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：关于机器人吸尘器，我们能了解到什么？由文中“They wanted to use robots to perform human chores at an affordable price.（他们想使用机器人以合理的价格承担人们的家务）”，可知A选项“It is well developed for home use.（很好地在家庭中使用）”符合原文。B选项“它仍然有技术障碍要克服”；C选项“它可以在危险的地方或情况下工作”；D选项“它在用激光设备建造方面有潜力”不符合原文。23. What is the major reason behind the popularity of the cleaner in the Scandinavian market?【试题答案】C【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：清洁器在斯堪的纳维亚市场受欢迎的主要原因是什么？由文中“The Scandinavian market has been very interesting. Theyve done a lot of research in trying to modernize their wealth, where they have a growing aging population. And they are looking to deploy robotic vacuum cleaners in old peoples homes to actually do the cleaning.（斯堪的纳维亚市场非常有趣。他们在使财富现代化方面做了很多研究，在这里老龄化人口较多。而且，他们希望运用机器人真空吸尘器在老人家中帮他们从事实际的清洁打扫工作）”，可知在斯堪的纳维亚地区吸尘器流行的一个原因是老龄化，所以C选项“Growing number of aged people.（增长的老年人口）”符合原文。A选项“劳动成本上升”；B选项“财富的增长”；D选项“现代化的迫切需求”不符合原文。24. How do people in the UK react to the robot vacuum cleaner?【试题答案】C【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：英国人对机器人吸尘器有什么反应？由文中“In the UK, there has been a relatively slow adoption of robots in the home. I think maybe as a culture, were a bit more skeptical on how good can this rebels really perform （在英国，家庭对于机器人的接受还是相对较慢的。我想可能是因为文化的原因，我们对如何运用好这一新事物持有一点怀疑态度）”，可知C选项“怀疑”符合原文。A选项“乐观”；B选项“漠不关心的”；D选项“气氛”不符合原文。25. What is important to the wide use of robots in the future?【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：什么对未来机器人的广泛应用是重要的？由文中“It also depends on peoples willingness to allow these machines into our daily lives.（这取决于人们是否愿意让这些机器人进入我们的日常生活）”，可知机器人在未来的使用在于B选项“Peoples acceptance.（人们的接受度）”符合原文。A选项“人们的负担能力”；C选项“技术进步”；D选项“市场推广”不符合原文。15. 单选题 In medical terminology, the words history and physical almost always appear together in that order. As a physician, you do not engage a patient in the neurological examination until youve gathered the details of his or her debilitating headaches. But at one time in our medical careers, we are instructed to perform the most thorough physical examination possible without learning so much as the patients name. All we are given is an anatomy table number, an age, and a cause of death. We work our way through the anatomy labinspecting, searching, and feeling every muscle, bone, and organ-and we write our patients histories ourselves. To better understand the life of the woman who had donated her body for my education, I created the Obituary (讣告) Writing Program at Georgetown University during my first year of medical school. I worked with an obituary writer, Emily Langer, to develop a workshop to help interested medical students reflect on the lives that their corpses may have lived. She instructed us on the art of weaving disconnected memories into a single story. A series of creative writing prompts resulted in one students story of a dramatic football injury occurring in the middle of a competitive match. This moment in his corpses life was imagined from a pink prosthetic (假体的) hip beneath massive lay