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专题二十一 词汇在语篇中的运用一 选词型语篇第一组(2019广西贵港)根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、完整每词限用一次 possible play one win trainMa Long is a member of Chinese table tennis team April 28 was a big day for himHe（1） his third straight mens singles title（单打冠军） at the World Table Tennis Championships（锦标赛 in BudapestHe became the （2） man in over half a century Ma Long hurt his knee several months before the eventHis doctor said it would be almost（3） for him to play againHowever，Ma didnt give upEven with his injury （伤病），Ma kept（4） every day His coach Liu Guoliang gave him a lot of praiseHis mind and skills are unbelievable， Liu saidHe will be the greatest（5） in history【解析与答案】1won考查动词，根据his third straight mens singles title（单打冠军） at the World Table Tennis Championships，结合选项可知句意：他在世界乒乓球锦标赛上连续第三次获得男子单打冠军，根据句意可知用一般过去时，win赢得，过去式是won，故答案是won2first考查序数词，根据He became the man in over half a century，结合选项可知句意：他成为半个多世纪以来的第一人one基数词，一，first 序数词，第一，故答案是first3impossible考查形容词，根据Ma Long hurt his knee several months before the event，结合选项可知句意：他的医生说他几乎不可能再打球了possible形容词，可能的，impossible形容词，不可能的，故答案是impossible4training考查动名词，根据However， Ma didnt give up，结合选项可知句意：即使他受伤了，马龙每天都在训练train 动词，训练， keep doing sth 坚持做某事，故答案是training5player考查名词，根据 He will be the greatest，结合选项可知句意：他将是历史上最伟大的球员player名词，运动员，故答案是player第二组(2019江苏南京)请根据对话内容，从下列方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确。big cities， warm， In order to， since， howSimon： Hey Anna This is Simon， calling from the Old Town of Lijiang!Anna：Hi Simon! You are already in Lijiang! Great to hear you! So （1）howdo you like the Old Town there？Simon： Oh， we love it very much You know， it is so different from （2）big citiesAnna： Really？ How long are you staying there？Simon： Four days，（3）sincemy dad has to go back to work next Monday We arrived yesterday and visited the Old Town Tomorrow were going to Yulong Snow Mountain （4）In order tosave time，were taking the cable car up there If we still have time， were planning to see Blue Moon Valley and Yak MeadowAnna： Sounds great! Oh， dont forget its much colder on Snow Mountain Be sure to keep （5）warm!Simon： Thanks! Were bringing sweaters and coats with us， so I hope well be OK Ill see you in afew days! Talk to you soon【解析与答案】1how考查疑问词，根据答句we love it very much，结合选项可知句意：那么你觉得那里的老古镇怎么样？how怎么，如何，故答案是how2big cities考查名词短语，根据前文喜欢古镇，结合选项可知句意：它和大城市大不一样，故答案是big cities3since考查连词，根据my dad has to go back to work next Monday，结合选项可知句意：因为我爸爸下星期一必须回去工作since连词，因为，由于，故答案是since4In order to考查介词短语，根据前文We arrived yesterday and visited the Old Town Tomorrow were going to Yulong Snow Mountain，结合选项可知句意：为了节省时间in order to 为了，故答案是In order to5warm考查形容词，根据dont forget its much colder on Snow Mountain，结合选项可知句意：一定要保持暖和keep +adj，warm暖和的，故答案是warm第三组(2019德州)阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。many, two, it, zoo, because, what, only, China, besides, national, historyWith its black-white coat, the animal is one of the most precious (珍贵的) animals in the world. It is native to China, proudly called the (51) _ treasure. (52)_ name is Panda. The name of Panda now refers to (指的是) the giant panda. In China, (53)_ the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army, the giant panda also attracts the world-wide tourists. As the most famous animal of (54)_ , the giant panda appears in the logo(标志) of the World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF). It also has (55) _ chances than other animals to be the mascot (吉祥物) of international games held in China. And it shows up as an actor on the big screen, such as Kung Fu Panda. The giant panda is regarded as the symbol of peace. In Japanese (56) _records, the Tang Dynasty sent a couple of bears and seventy pieces of fur as national gifts to Japan. The (57)_ bears were giant pandas. One female panda usually has (58) _ one baby, and it is not easy for wild pandas to have twins anyway. If you want to see them, youd better go to Chengdu. Why? (59)_ the main breeding (繁育) centers were built around this area. Certainly some city (60)_ also have giant pandas, such as Beijing Zoo, Chongqing Zoo, etc.The giant pandas are so lovely creatures (生物) . More and more people become fans of them.【解析与答案】national, Its, besides, China, more, history, two , only, Because, zoos 51. national句子翻译为：熊猫被骄傲地称为国家national treasure ，因此答案是national。52. Its 代词考查。句子翻译为：它的名字是熊猫，要用形容词性物主代词，因此答案是Its。53. besides 句子翻译为：在中国除了长城和兵马俑之外，熊猫也同样吸引全世界的游客。“besides指包括在内”。54. China 句子翻译为：作为中国最著名的动物，因此答案为China55. more 形容词比较级考查。句子翻译为：熊猫有比其它动物更多的机会成为吉祥物。56. history 句子翻译为：在日本历史记载中提到。联系下文提到唐朝赠送了熊等礼物给日本，可推测此处是history。57. two 根据上文提到“Tang Dynasty sent a couple of bears”，a couple of 在此处指一双，一对，因此答案为two。58. only 句子翻译为：一只雌熊猫通常一胎只生一个熊猫宝宝，因此答案是only。59. Because 根据上文提出 “why”的问句，因此用“because”来回答。60. zoos 根据下文列举了“such as Beijing Zoo, Chongqing Zoo, etc”，因此答案是zoos。第四组(2019德州)阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化 (可添加助动词或者情态动词) ，填入空白处。attend, return, set, wake, know, educate, eat, sleep, not do, study, askParents are the first teachers of their children. Many people in Beijing return to school only because they have become parents. Ding Rong, a teacher from the Fourth Middle School of Beijing, said, Many parent either love their children too much or behave badly to them. They (61) _ little about home education and thus make mistakes. Because of this situation, parents school are badly needed. I (62)_ to school next month, and it will help me treat my children in better way, said Xiao Chengjun, a 40-year-old woman worker. I decided to do it when (63)_ the question Do you really know your child?, One pupil complained in a composition that his father always left so much smoke in the living room that he (64) _ his homework there. Another wrote that his father often played mahjong (打麻将) at night while he (65) _. The noise always (66) _him up. Its the fathers fault not to educate his son himself, is an old saying. But, its also the fathers fault if he (67) _ his son a bad example, said Zhen Yan. A parent said, I (68) _ in the parents school for one year. After (69) _the school, I know more about my child and she also understands me more. Do you think your parents know how (70)_ you properly? Do you want them to enter parents schools?【解析与答案】61.know 62.will return 63.was asked 64.couldnt do 65.was sleeping 66.woke 67.sets 68.have studied/have been studying 69.attending 70.to educate 61. know句子翻译为：他们不太了解家庭教育，因此在教育孩子上经常犯错误，因此答案是know。62. will return 时态考查。根据“next month”，可知“我将在下个月回到学校”，因此要用一般将来时。63. was asked 句子翻译为：我在被问到你真的了解你的孩子这个问题时，就决定要回到学校学习如何教育孩子。因此此处含有被动，要用一般过去时的被动语态。64. couldnt do 句子翻译为：父亲总是在客厅抽烟，因此孩子在客厅无法认真写作业，因此答案为couldnt do。65. was sleeping 句子翻译为：父亲总是在他睡觉时打麻将。连词while后常和进行时态连用，因此此处要用过去进行时was sleeping。66. woke 句子翻译为：麻将的声响总是吵醒了他，因此答案为woke。67. sets 句子翻译为：父亲的错误是给孩子树立了一个不好的榜样，人称为三单，因此动词也有用三单形式sets。68. have studied/have been studying 句子翻译为：我已经在父母学校学习了一年了，因此可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。69. attending 句子翻译为：在参加了父母课堂后，介词后用动词ing形式，因此答案是attending。70. to educate 句子翻译为：你认为你的父母知道如何正确地教育你吗，此处考查了疑问词后加动词不定式。第五组(2019哈尔滨市)(A)tomysurprise,dress,he,second,make,neighbor,beauty,windItwasearlymorning.Igot_61_quickly.Itwasstillautumnbutcolderthanusual.Itsnowedfor _62_days.Iforgottochecktheweatherreporttoday,soIwentoutinajacket.Itwasstilldark,coldand_63_.Atthattime,IknewI_64_awrongdecision.I shookalittle bit.Suddenly,acarstoppedand oneofmy_65_gotout ofit.Wegreeted eachotherandtalkedabout thebadweather._66_ hetook off his coatandhandedittome.Hesmiled andsaid, “Itstoocold.Put iton.”Looking atthe warmcoatinmyhands.Iwastouchedand thanked_67_.Afterthat, he drove away. WhenIlookedupatthesky,Inoticedtheskywas_68_andpeaceful. Ifelt warmthinside meandIdidntshakeanymore. Theworldisfullofkindness.loveisalwaysthere.【解析与答案】61. dressed解析：根据上下文内容可推知，此处指早起快速地穿好衣服。get dressed意为“穿好衣服”。62. two 解析：此处指雪下了两天，故此空要用序数词second对应的基数词two。63. windy 解析：and在此连接三个并列的形容词dark, cold和名词wind的形容词windy。64. made 解析：短语make a decision意为“做决定”，又因为主句使用了一般过去时，故宾语从句也要用一般过去时，故用made。65. neighbors/neighbours 解析：one of后面跟可数名词的复数形式。66. To my surprise解析：结合上下文可推知，此处指让我惊讶的是邻居把外套脱下来给了我，又因为在句首，所以填To my surprise。67. him 解析：此处指我很感动并感谢他。空格处做动词thanked的宾语，故用人称代词he的宾格形式him。68. beautiful解析：and在此连接并列的两个形容词，故用名词beauty的形容词形式beautiful。此处指天空是美丽且平静的。第六组(2019宁夏) 从下面方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填入短文中，使短文通顺正确（每ticket，also，interesting，as a result，send，once，think about，of，such as，difference个词或短语只用一次）。When I was tidying up my room yesterday，I found an old box of my fathers.He gave it to me two years ago.It was really（66） to discover something about my fathers life as a child.He （67） told me about his hobbies as a child.He wrote to people from all over theworld，and they（68） him letters back.（69） he had a book（70） interesting stamps.People（71） gave him things from（72） countries，（73） a silk fan from China，a little model car from Germany and a small model ship from Australia.My father even kept the （74） from his first football match.The box made me（75） my hobby.I want to keep my old picture books and magazines for a long time too.【解析与答案】（66）interesting考查形容词，根据It was really interestingto discover something about my fathers life as a child可知发现我父亲小时候的生活真的很有趣，结合系动词was后加形容词有趣的故填：interesting（67）once考查副词，根据He once told me about his hobbies as a child 可知，他曾经告诉我他小时候的爱好结合句意，是过去时因此用曾经 故填once（68）sent考查动词，结合前文He wrote to people from all over the world，and they sent him letters back 可知，他给世界各地的人写信，他们给他回信给某人寄信用send sb letters ，and 表示并列，由此用过去时故填sent（69）Asaresult考查固定短词，结合前文：他给别人写信并收到别人的回信可知，他有了一本有趣的邮票书，这是经常写信的结果 故填Asaresult（70）of 考查代词，根据As a result he had a book of interesting stamps结果他有了一本有趣的邮票书表示的用of即a book of一本样的书故填of（71）also考查副词，根据前文，人们不仅给他回信结合本句 People also gave him things from different countries，人们还送给他一些来自不同国家的东西表示也，还因此用also 故填also（72）different考查形容词，根据本句People also gave him things from different countriescountries为名词复数，前用形容词来修饰不同的国家因此用different 故填different（73）suchas考查固定短语，根据such as a silk fan from China，a little model car from Germany and a small model ship from Australia 比如一个中国的丝绸扇子，一辆德国的小模型车，一艘澳大利亚的小模型船可知这些都是举的一些例子故填suchas（74）ticket考查名词，根据本句My father even kept the ticket from his first football match我的父亲甚至把他第一场足球赛的票留了下来可以推测，足球赛的肯定是门票 故填ticket（75）thinkabout 考查动词短语，根据The box made me think about my hobby这个盒子让我想到了我的爱好再结合下文， 我也想把我的旧图画书和杂志放很长时间可知，这是作者以后的打算，他现在想到了 故填thinkabout第七组(2019四川成都）短文填空从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。bad British consider fun hope pleasure power they total understand we winIs it true that we British people have a different sense of humor from people in other countries? Lets have a look at what we laugh at in 1 .To us British people, 2 and important people often cause laughter. Its not just politicians (政客) who make us laugh, but anyone whose job is to tell other people what to do and who takes 3 too seriously.We laugh at the power, but also, pitifully, at anyone who is treated 4 . We know they cannot win, but if they do win sometimes, its even 5 . Our clowns (小丑) are often silly people doing silly things, while in America, they are often clever people doing clever things-and 6 at last.The fact that we laugh when other people might feel 7 is one of the strangest things to learn about British humor. We do have a strong sense of irony (反讽). After some terrible experience, we might say, “Not very 8 .” And we might say in the middle of a typhoon, “Its a bit windy today.” Or “There is a tiny problem,” when something has gone 9 wrong. We dont like to express strong feelings, but just “keep calm and carry on”.Another things that can make it difficult 10 British humor is that we dont always laugh or even smile when we say something funny. We often keep a straight face or use an unsmiling expression when were making a joke.Do you think the British sense of humor is special?【解析与答案】1.Britain 解析：此题考查语境，即上下文语义。前文出现“British people”，且本空在介词后考查国籍，所以填Britain。2. powerful 解析：此题考查语义理解。后文出现important且有and连接，所以填形容词且表身份重大，所以填powerful。3. themselves解析：此题考查句意理解。“不仅仅是政客，凡是那些以告诉人们该做什么为工作的人，还有那些让他们自己感到紧张的人都是取笑的对象”。此题对学生来说比较难理解，也可以通过句子结构的分析和排除法来突破。who指代people且为第三人称复数，且表示自己进行某个动作，所以填themselves。4. badly解析：此题考查语境。整个句子完整，缺副词，且前文出现pitifully，后文出现cannot win，此意表示没有被很好地对待，所以填badly。5. funnier解析：此题考查形容词比较级。even是明显的修饰词，修饰比较级，且前文有系动词is，所以后文应该填形容词，下文有（clowns）小丑提示，所以应填funnier。6. winning解析：此题考查语境和语法结合。and后词与前文doing动词短语形成并列关系，上文出现cannot win，后文while in America表明情况相反，填winning。7. hopeless解析：此题考查文意，根据上下文语义，laugh提示嘲笑的是不好的人，feel后跟形容词，故填hopeless。8. pleasant解析：此题同样考查语义。在经历糟糕的经历之后，会说“不太愉快”，而在经历一次中级台风时，会说“小微风”，“小问题”而已。根据句意故填“pleasant”。9. totally解析：此题较简单，句子结构完整，缺副词，并在此句中修饰形容词“wrong”，故用副词totally表程度。10. to understand解析：此题考查语境。“我们在讲笑话的时候不会大笑甚至不会微笑，我们经常拉着一张脸，即使我们是在讲笑话。”这是英国式幽默让人很难理解的另一个情况。根据句型“make it difficult ”,填“to understand”。第八组(2019凉山州)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次。deep thank give one or be whole until work peopleLei Feng Spirit Carrying on “It is not hard to do one good deed, but it is hard to do good deeds all your life.” Chairman Mao 81 said. And he called on people to learn from him. Do you know who the man is? He is Lei Feng. Lei Feng was born in a poor family in a little mountain village of Hunan Province, on December 18th, 1940. He didnt go to school 82 he was 10 years old. At the age of 18, he became a steel 83 . He was often praised for his good job. On January 8th, 1960, he joined the army and several months later, he joined the Communist Party. He loved the Party and the people, and kept doing something good for others. When he got 84 , he always said, “Its my duty and its just that some people need some help, there should be someone standing out 85 them a hand.” He became a model soldier one year later. To our sadness, Lei Feng died in an accident in 1962. March 5th 86 a “Learn from Lei Feng Day” since 1963. When Lei Fengs Diary came out, People began to know more about him than before. Now the term “Living LeiFeng” has become a name for anyone who is brave, anyone who has 87 love for his country, anyone who works hard, 88 anyone who is always ready to help others. Lei Fengs spirit will live in 89 hearts. Lei Fengs spirit will be remembered by the 90 nation forever. And we will surely practice his spirit in life as he did.【解析与答案】1 once 考查副词根据语境毛主席曾经说过，考虑选择副词once，意为曾经，故答案为 once；2until 考查连词根据语境他直到10岁才上学，考虑选择词until，构成notuntil句型，意为直到才，故答案为 until；3worker 考查名词根据语境18岁时，他成为了一名钢铁工人，考虑选择动词work，由空前的冠词a推断此处填名词形式worker，意为工人，故答案为 worker；4thanks 考查名词根据语境当他得到谢谢时，他总是说，考虑选择名词thank，意为感谢，此处填的是复数形式，故答案为 thanks；5to give 考查动词根据语境应该有人站出来给予帮助，考虑选择动词 give，构成短语give sb a hand，意为帮助某人，因此处属于动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为 to give；6has been 考查动词根据语境3月5日自1963年以来就成为学雷锋日，考虑选择be动词，由since 1963推断此处填现在完成时形式，故答案为 has been；7deep 考查形容词根据语境现在，活雷锋这个词已经成为任何勇敢的人，任何为国家奋斗的人的代名词，考虑选择形容词deep，意为深深的，故答案为 deep；8or 考查连词根据语境努力工作的人，或总是乐于助人的人，考虑选择词or，意为或者，故答案为 or；9our 考查代词根据语境雷锋的精神将活在我们心中，考虑选择代词our，意为我们的，故答案为 our；10whole 考查形容词根据语境雷锋精神将永远被全民族铭记，考虑选择词whole，意为整个的，故答案为 whole第九组(2019河南)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。The summer holiday was coming but Zach was a little sad. He would have to move 66 the holiday, leaving his friends and his tree house. The tree house was Zachs favorite place to go to when he wanted to be alone. He also liked 67 his friends there. They would play for 68Zach told his mom, “I dont want to move. Im going to miss my friends. Im also going to miss my tree house. I want to take it with me.” “Zach，but we have to 69 your fathers changed his job. He is already 70 waiting for us. You will have a much 71 bedroom, and you will meet new friends at your new school,” 72 his mom. Zach wasnt so sure.When Zach and his mom arrived, Dad took Zach to the backyard. There, Zach saw a big tree house. “Wow!” Zach shouted. “This is great!” All of a sudden, Zach heard a 73 voice. “Are you moving in? My name is Joey and I live next 74 Can I have a look at your tree house?”“I think Im going to 75 it here after all!” Zach told his mom and dad that night.【解析与答案】66.during【解析】句意：在暑假期间,他将不得不搬家。during”在期间67.taking【解析】根据题目要求，每空限填一词。故like后用只能v - ing形式。又根据句意:他也喜欢带朋友来这里。故用taking68.hours【解析】for后接一段时间。hour用复数。69.because【解析】空缺处前后句表示因果关系，故用because70.there!解析】此处应填表示地点的词。句意:他已经在那里等着我们了。71.bigger【解析】much后接形容词的比较级，故用big的比较级bigger,“一个更大的房间”。72.promised【解析】根据上文可知,Zach的母亲许诺了许多事情，且事情发生在过去，故用promise的过去式promised73.boys【解析】句意:Zach听到一个男孩的声音。用boy的所有格形式“boys”。74.door解析固定搭配next door“隔壁”。75.like【解析】句意:我想我终究会喜欢上这里的。故用like符合题意。第十组(2019广西河池)选词填空 阅读下面短文,从方框中选择单词,根据实际情况用其适当形式填空,使短文意思完整、通顺。每空一词,每词只能用一次 the seem thing but goodThe best way of learning English is using English as much as possibleSometimes you will get your words mixed up（迷惑的） and people wont understandSometimes people will say（1） too quickly and you cant understand them（2） if you keep your sense of humor， you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make Dont be unhappy if the people（3） to laugh at your mistakes Its much （4） for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be angry because they dont know what you are saying（5） most important rule for learning English isDont be afraid of making mistakes Everyone makes mistakes【解析与答案】1things 考查名词根据and you cant understand them而你无法理解他们，可知结合提示，应说有时候人们会说得很快，而你无法理解他们不只一件事，要用复数，故答案为 things2But 考查连词根据if you keep your sense of humor， you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make如果你保持幽默感，你总能对你犯的错误开怀大笑，可知结合提示，此处表示转折，应说但是如果你保持幽默感，你总能对你犯的错误开怀大笑，故答案为 But3seem 考查词组根据laugh at your mistakes，可知结合提示，应说如果人们好像在嘲笑你的错误，不要不高兴，seem to似乎，好像，符合语境，故答案为seem4 better考查形容词根据than to be angry because they dont know what you are saying比生气好得多，因为他们不知道你在说什么，可知结合提示，应说人们嘲笑你的错误比生气好得多，因为他们不知道你在说什么，此处出现than，用good的比较级better，故答案为better5 The 考查冠词根据most important rule for learning English isDont be afraid of making mistakes，可知结合提示，应说学习英语最重要的规则是不要害怕犯错，The most important最重要的，表示最高级，固定用冠词the，故答案为The第十一组(2019赤峰市)从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使句意通顺、完整。请将正确答案填写在答题卡指定的横线上。（每空一词，每词限用一次。）but time help write method proper believe explain mistake dictionaryTips for Writing Better ArticlesMany of us don t spend a lot of time improving our writing skills. This can be a problem when we hand in our articles. Good writing skills will help us improve our grades and be good for us later in life. The following tips can be 51 . Make good word choices. When we are not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a 52 . Many of us choose words in a hurry and don t think over if they re 53 . Good word choices are necessary for good writing.Check facts. If we want people to 54 what we write, we must make sure our facts are true. We should use dependable （可靠的）facts.Rewrite. A common problem is that we don t like to rewrite. In fact, rewriting is the best way to find out and correct some 55 , like bad grammar and spelling. Rewriting makes our writing better than before, thou it takes more 56 and more work.Read aloud. It is a good 57 to l
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