小升初必会语法-比较级.doc

1.比较级可分形容词(adj)的比较和副词(adv)的比较两种。He is taller than I.(他比我高)He works more diligently than I do.他比我更努力地工作。2.原级，比较级，最高级的变化A.规则变化(a)大部分一个音节和部分两个音节的形容词和副词，字尾+er变成比较级，字尾+est变成最高级clearclearerclearestsmallsmallersmallestnarrownarrowernarrowestnearnearernearestlatelaterlatest(b)字尾是短母音+单子音，加er，est时单子音需再重复一次。BigbiggerbiggestHothotterhottestFatfatterfattest(c)字尾是y，前面是辅音，把y变i，再加er,est.drydrierdriesthappyhappierhappiestearly earlierearliest三个或三个音节以上及(d)-able,-ful,-ive,-ing,-less,-ous等字尾的形容词及末尾是ly的副词，肯定加more，否定加less变成比较级，肯定加most，否定加least变成最高级。diligent more diligent most diligentreadable more readable most readable(less) (least)beautiful more beautiful most beautiful(less) (least)active more active most activecareless more careless most carelessbrightly more brightlymost brightlyhonestly more honestly most honestlyB.不规则变化good better bestwell better bestmany(much) more mostlate later(较晚的)latest(最晚的)late latter (后者的)last(最后的)far farther(较远的)farthestfar further(更进一步的)furthestold older oldest(比较年龄大小) old elder eldest(比较长幼次序)3.比较级用法(a)肯定(正面)比较：morethan，-er thanThe house is bright. 这间房子很明亮。The house is brighter than our old one in New York. 这间房子比我们在纽约的老房子明亮。The house is the most bright of all the houses in which we have lived. 这间房子是我们所住过最明亮的一间。(b)否定(反面)比较：lessthanHe is strong. 他很强壮。He is less strong than Joe. 他没有乔强壮。He is the least strong in his class. 他是班上最不强壮的。(c)同等比较用于肯定：as+原级+as用于否定：not as - as或not so - asAn apple is as big as an orange. 苹果和橘子一样大。The cold soup isnt as delicious as the hot one. 冷了的汤没有热汤好喝。I am not so fat as you. 我没有你那样胖。