高中必修四Unit3Unit4重点汇集.doc

Unit3重点汇集1. content【课文原句】Perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than ourselves. (P17)【名师点拨】content adj.意为“满足的；满意的”，be content to do意为“乐意去做某事”；be content with sb / sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”，相当于be pleased with或be satisfied with。如：Im content to help you to set up a website on the Internet.Those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.注：worse off是badly off的比较级，意思是“境况比更差”；better off意为“境况比好”。如：To my surprise, I found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.With the development of economy, more and more people are better off.【知识拓展】content还可作动词，意为“使满足”；作名词时，表示“满足；心满意足”，也可表示“（书、报纸等的）内容；目录；含量”。如：My explanation seemed to content him.Now she began to live in peace and content.Weve discussed the unusual form of the book now, what about the content?2. astonish【课文原句】However, some actors can astonish us with the deep feelings they can inspire in us for a character they are playing. (P17)【名师点拨】astonish vt意为“使大为吃惊；使惊异”，比surprise程度强，比shock程度弱。如：I was astonished to hear that the professor had broken down because of his hard work.I was astonished by how much shed grown.【知识拓展】(1) astonishing adj意为“令人惊异的”。如：The astonishing news made the world astonished, and a great many people expressed their opinions on the Internet.(2) astonished adj指(某人)处于惊异、吃惊状况，常用be astonished at sth。如：He was astonished at what Tom had said and done.(3) astonishment n.意为“惊讶”，可用to ones astonishment表示“使某人吃惊的是”。如：To my astonishment, she still remembered my birthday.3. particular【课文原句】He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce. (P17)【名师点拨】particular adj.意为“专指的；特别的；格外的；不寻常的”。be particular about / over sth意为“对某事很讲究 / 很挑剔”。in particular意为“特别地”。如：There was nothing in the newspaper of particular importance.Im not particular about my clothes; I dont mind what I wear.He talked about the ball games in general and talked about football in particular.What in particular did you like about the last apartment that we saw?4. worn-out【课文原句】He played a poor and homeless person, who wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat and carried a walking stick. (P18) 【名师点拨】worn-out adj. (1) 意为“磨损的；损坏的；穿破的 (用坏的以至完全无用的)”。如：Since your shoes are worn-out, why not buy another pair? (2) 意为“筋疲力尽的；耗尽的”，相当于be tired out。如： He was worn-out after the long journey.5. failure & overcome【课文原句】This character was a social failure but he was loved by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people wereunkind to him(P18) 【名师点拨】(1) failure意为“失败”时，是不可数名词；意为“失败者；失败的事”时，是可数名词。如：As we all know, failure is the mother of success. At last, he was a great success, while she was a failure.To our disappointment, the party turned out to be a failure.(2) overcome v.意为“控制(感情)；克服(困难)；征服；战胜”，可用于to overcome difficulties / obstacles / problems / resistance等。如：He made great efforts to overcome the difficulty.They succeeded to overcome the tallest mountain in the world.【知识拓展】fail还可作动词，意为“失败；不及格；无法做到”，可用fail to do sth或者fail in doing sth。如：I failed to persuade him to give up smoking.= I failed in persuading him to give up smoking.6. in search of 【课文原句】The film is set in California in the middle of the nineteenth century when gold was discovered and thousands of people rushed there in search of it. (P18)【名师点拨】in search of意为“寻找”。类似的词组有：in theaones search forof，make a search forof，在这三个短语中search是名词。如：Today, many countryside people have rush to the city in search of good jobs.The researchers are in their search for the animals which they want to experiment with.注意：in search of 中of不可换用for。【知识拓展】search还可以是作动词，意为“搜寻”，search 的宾语是寻找的东西所在的处所，即search someplace for sth，意为“搜查某地找”。如：They searched the building for the robber.He searched his pockets for some change.而search sb for sth意为“搜某人身以找到某物”。如：He searched the boy for the lost pen.search afterfor = look for = hunt for意为“到处寻找”。如：People who are searching after inner peace sometimes turn to religion.7. pick up【课文原句】They wash sand from the river in a pan of water, and expect to pick up gold, but they have been not fortunate enough to find any. (P18) 【名师点拨】pick up意为“拾起；拿起”。如：He picked up his hat and went out. pick up还有其他意思：(1) 在中途搭载承载(乘客、货物等)。如：The bus stopped to pick up passengers (2) (偶然地)发现，得到，购买；学得，得到(知识、利益)。如：I picked up the book in a lonely placeShe picked up French very quickly in France. When you live in a country, you soon pick up the language.(3) 恢复，使恢复。如：I believe he will pick up by the seaside. (4) 接收，收听(广播)。如：It is easy to pick up the programme clearly through my radio. 【知识拓展】pick out意为“选好；选出；认出；看清楚”。如：Have you picked out the movie you want to see?Can you pick out your brother out from that group of people?8. cut off【课文原句Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe, treating it as if it were the finest meat(P18)【名师点拨】cut off意为“切下来；剪下来”。如：He cut off piece of cloth and wrapped the wound.cut off还可译为“切断；停掉；使电话中断”。如：Theyve cut off the water temporarily because they are repairing one of the main pipes.It was dangerous that our food and water supply were cut off at that time.We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.Because I failed to pay the telephone bill, the telephone operator cut us off.Unit 4 重点汇集1. major, local & represent【课文原句】They will be meeting at a major hotel with local business people and people who represent the Chinese government. (P25)【名师点拨】(1) major adj. 表示“主要的；较大的；重要的”，句中a major hotel 意思是“大酒店”；major经常用作名词，意为“主修课程；专业课”；可作动词，主要用于major in，意为“主修”。如：Many people wish to live in a major city. She decided to take computer as her major.My friend majored in economics at Tsinghua University.(2) local adj. 表示“地方的；当地的”。含有local的常用词组：local customs意为“地方风俗”；local news意为“本地新闻”；the local TV station意为“地方电视台”；the local court意为“地方法院”；the local government意为“地方政府”。如:My sister studies at a local university. (3) represent在本句中是“代表”的意思，还有“象征；表现；描绘；扮演”等意思。如：We must choose someone to represent us. (代表)The stars in our flag represent the States. (象征)This picture represents a man riding a horse. (表现)【知识拓展】meet with sb表示“和某人会晤（商讨问题等）”。但具体句子要具体分析，有时候可表示“偶然遇见”。如：I met with a friend on the train yesterday. （偶遇）2. introduce【课文原句】You introduce them to each other, and are surprised by what you see. (P26)【名师点拨】introduce表示“介绍；引荐；引进；采用”等意思，常和to连用，即introduce to。在本句中是“介绍；引荐”的意思。如：Let me introduce myself to you first. The chairman introduced the speaker to the audience. 【知识拓展】introduce的名词形式是introduction，意为“介绍”，多作不可数名词，有时候也作可数名词；还可译为“引论；导言；概论”，是可数名词。如：My next guest needs no introduction (= is already known to everyone).Before the meeting began I made the necessary introductions.The introduction in a book tells us what the book is about.3. approach & touch【课文原句】Mr Garcia approaches Mrs Smith, touches her shoulder and kisses her on the cheek. (P26)【名师点拨】(1) approach vt. & vi. 意为“接近；靠近；走近”。approach作名词讲时，表示“方法；步骤；途径；接近”，用于make approaches to sb，表示“想法接近（认识）某人”。如：We could just see the train approaching in the distance.It began to rain when he approached his home.The time is approaching when we must be on board. All approaches were blocked because of the accident. A new approach should be found to solve the matter. I am not good at making approaches to strangers.(2) touch作动词讲，意为“接触；触摸”；touch作名词时，除了“接触；触摸”的意思外，还有“联系”的意思。如：Visitors are not allowed not to touch the exhibits.keep in touch with 同保持联系get in / into touch with 和取得联系lose touch with 和失去联系be out of touch with 同失去联系4. express【课文原句】 they also express their feelings using unspoken “language” through keeping physical distance, actions or posture. (P26)【名师点拨】express vt.意为“表达；表示”。文中express their feelings 意为“表达他们的感情”；express oneself用于表达自己的意思、思想或情感。如：No words can express my thanks to your help.He can express himself in clear English now after five years hard learning.【知识拓展】express作名词讲时，表示“快车；快递；快件”。如：the No. 102 special express to Beijing 开往北京的102次特快5. avoid【课文原句】It is an interesting study and can help you avoid difficulty in communication. (P26) 【名师点拨】avoid vt. 表示“避开；避免”，avoid difficulty in communication意思是“避免交际上的困难”。avoid后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。如：Why are you trying to avoid that boy? I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and ran towards me.6. be likely to【课文原句】People from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. (P26)【名师点拨】likely作形容词，指“可能发生某事”，后可接不定式或从句。be likely to意为“很可能；有希望”。如：Do remind me because Im likely to forget.Its quite likely that well be in Spain this time next year.They are likely to refuse your invitation.【知识拓展】likely, possible, probable都含有“可能的”的意思，但也有差异：likely指从表面迹象来看很有可能。如:Look at the black clouds. It is likely to rain tonight. possible指由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到，强调“客观上有可能”, 但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思。如:It is possible to go to the moon now. probable语气比 possible强，“可能性”最大，指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物，带有“大概、很可能”的意思。如:I dont think the story is probable.7. at ease【课文原句】A smile is the universal facial expression it is intended to put people at ease. (P29)【名师点拨】at ease是个固定词组，意思是“处在舒适、自由自在的状态下”。本句中put people at ease意为“使人自由自在；不拘束”。如：Her mind was at ease, knowing that the children were safe. 【知识拓展】(1) ease作名词讲时，表示“安逸；安心；不费力；悠闲”。如：He leads a life of ease. (= He leads an easy life.)(2) ease 作动词讲时，表示“解除；减轻（痛苦、忧愁或烦恼）”。如：The doctor gave him some painkillers to ease the pain. (3) ease的常用短语： with ease (= easily) 熟练地；轻而易举地be (feel) ill at ease 局促不安, 心神不宁put sb at his ease 使某人宽心; 使某人感到无拘无束stand at ease 稍息Unit 5 知识综合辅导1. amuse【课文原句】Parks provide people with a place to amuse themselves and to escape their busy lives for a while. (P33)【名师点拨】amuse vt. 意为“使高兴；使开心”，和please（取悦于；让高兴）是近义词。amuse oneself意为“自娱自乐；消遣”。amuse的名词形式是amusement。如：I think it amuses him to see people make fools of themselves. I bought a magazine to amuse myself while I was on the train. They are more than amusement parks with rides, such as a Ferris wheel, merry-go-round or a roller coaster. (P33)Carl came last in the race, much to my amusement.【知识拓展】amused adj. 意为“逗乐的；觉得好笑的”，常用be amused (at / by sth)，指“觉得有趣；好笑；以为乐”。如：She was very amused by / at your comments.Amused by the flying kites, the child stopped crying.2. various【课文原句】Though parks share this basic purpose, they find various ways to meet this need. (P33)【名师点拨】various adj. 意为“不同的；各种各样的”，相当于different kinds of，后接复数名词。如：At the meeting, the people present expressed their various opinions. The students were late for various reasons. 【知识拓展】various是由动词vary（变化）派生而来的形容词，它的副词形式是variously。variety是名词，意为“有变化”，用a variety of表示“各种各样的；多种多样的”，后接复数名词，可与various互用。如：These new parks have a variety of things to see and do. (P33)3. charge 【课文原句】They all charge money for admission, and for the rides and shows in the park. (P33)【名师点拨】charge通常作及物动词，意为“收(费)；索(价)”，此时charge后接宾语（被收费的对象）和钱数；如果接购买的商品或其它原因，用for连接。如：Ill charge you five dollars. How much do you charge for a haircut？charge还可以表示“把归咎于(to, on, upon)；告发；在控告(with)”。如：Bob was charged with the murder, but he refused to admit it. 【知识拓展】charge作名词时，构成许多固定搭配：in charge（主管）；in charge of（负责某事）；in the charge of（由管）；take charge of（负责管理）。如：The doctor in charge told us to be calm. Who is in charge of the school instead of Mr Black?The factory has been in the charge of the new boss for five months. Can you take charge of this class please, Miss Li?4. profit【课文原句】The big companies that own them parks except to make a profit not just by the charges for admission (P33)【名师点拨】profit n.意为“利润；经济上的好处”，既可数也不可数，用作复数的场合较多；也可译为“好处；益处（不可数）”。make a profit指“获得利润”。如：Tom said he would give up his profits if there were no explanations to give him. She makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies.【知识拓展】profit也可作及物或不及物动词，profit by意为“从中得到好处”。如：You must make it clear what it will profit me. You may profit by the experience of others.