2020高考英语专题训练《语法填空记叙文》含答案解析

2020年高考英语专题训练：语法填空记叙文 (一)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A bear, who had made his living by dancing for a long time, _1_ length escaped from his master, and _2_ (return) to his former companions in the woods. His brothers welcomed _3_ (he) with most friendly growls (咆哮声). Then, the bear shared what he had seen in foreign countries with his close brothers, and told _4_ long history of his adventures, _5_ appealed to his brothers a lot. Even eventually, _6_ (exhibit) his wonderful feats (特技), he began, in a stand-up position, to dance the Polonaise (波兰舞曲). His brothers, who _7_ (watch) the performance, were astonished at his grace, and tried to imitate his ballet steps. However, it turned out to be _8_ (total) in vain. Every time they raised their bodies on two legs, they fell backwards with hands and legs in the air, which, in the next moment, was repeated for many times. _9_ (see) their awkwardness, the bear went on exhibiting some _10_ (high) levels of displays of his art, which, in the end, aroused the envy of the others, and so they drove him away from their society.助读词汇former adj. 从前的companion n. 伙伴adventure n. 冒险grace n. 优雅imitate vt. 模仿awkwardness n. 笨拙arouse vt. 引起；引发envy n. 嫉妒make ones living 谋生appeal to 对有吸引力stand-up position 直立的姿势 be astonished at 对非常吃惊in vain 徒劳drive sb. away 把某人赶走(二)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hodja borrowed a large pot from his neighbor. Days and weeks passed, but he didnt return the pot. One day the neighbor came over and asked to have his pot back. Hodja apologized, “I am sorry. I forgot to return it. _1_,” he said, “I have good news for you. While the pot was at my house, it gave birth to a _2_ (small) pot.” The neighbor went home happily with two pots.A few weeks _3_ (late), Hodja knocked on his neighbors door and asked to borrow the large pot again. The neighbor remembered the good experience from the first time, so he was happy _4_ (lend) his pot again.Weeks passed and there was no word from Hodja about the pot. The neighbor decided to go to Hodjas house, _5_ before, and ask him to return the pot. When Hodja opened the door, the neighbor asked to have the pot back. Hodja, with a sad face, told the man the pot _6_ (borrow) died.The neighbor was _7_ (shock) and angry and said, “_8_ do you think I am, an idiot? Do you want me to believe that a pot _9_ (die)?”“Man,” Hodja replied with a smile, “you had no trouble _10_ (believe) a pot gave birth.”助读词汇pot n. 锅 apologize v. 道歉 experience n. 经历；经验word n. 消息idiot n. 傻瓜；白痴come over 过来knock on 敲(门) give birth to 生产；生出(三)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Once, there were four candles. They burnt slowly. The surroundings were so soft 1 you could hear them speak. The first candle said, “I am Peace, but nobody 2 (want) to keep me lit.”Then, Peaces flame slowly decreased and went out completely.The 3 (two) candle said, “My name is Faith, but these days, I am no longer indispensable (不可缺少的).”Not long later, Faiths flame slowly decreased and went out completely as well.Sadly, the third candle said, “People call me Love and I think I dont have the 4 (strong) to stay lit any longer. People neglect me and put me aside, not knowing my importance. They even forget 5 (love) those who are the 6 (near) to them. 7 (wait) no longer, Love went out completely.Suddenly, 8 child entered the room and saw the three candles on longer burning. The child began to cry, “Why arent you burning?”Just at that moment, the fourth candle spoke 9 (gentle) to him, “Dont be afraid. My name is Hope. As long as I am burning, we can relight the other candles. 10 hope and delight, the child took the candle of Hope and lit the other candles.助读词汇surroundings n. 环境 flame n. 火焰neglect vt. 忽视；忽略 relight vt. 重新点燃go out 熄灭 putaside 把放到一旁(四)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A long time ago, there was a large forest, _1_ 500 monkeys lived.One night the 500 monkeys wandered around and came to a tree. Under the tree was a deep ancient well. The water in the well was clean and reflected _2_ full moon in the sky.The leading monkey _3_(bend) over the well and watched carefully for a while. Then it said to the others, “Today the moon has died and fallen into this well. Let us scoop it up together; otherwise the nights _4_(is) dark forever.”On hearing that, all the monkeys got _5_(puzzle), saying, “The well is so deep. How can we scoop up (捞起) the moon?”The leading monkey had a _6_(suddenly) brainwave and said, “I have it! I will climb up the tree and grasp a branch, then another one _7_(grasp) my tail. In this way, one following another in succession, cant we hang down into the well?”When the other monkeys heard this, they jumped with joy. So they _8_(link) their heads and tails together, _9_(extend) longer and longer until they almost touched the surface of the well water. At this moment, the branch broke _10_ a big crack and all 500 monkeys fell into the ancient well.助读词汇reflect vt. 反射；照出 brainwave n. 灵感grasp vt. 抓住tail n. 尾巴extend vt. 延伸；延长crack n. 噼啪声wander around 徘徊in succession 接连地；连续地(五)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hodja and his son went _1_ a journey. They only had one donkey. Hodja told his son to ride the donkey. Hodja preferred to walk. On the way, they met some people who said, “Look at that healthy boy! Thats todays _2_ (young). They show no respect for their elders. He is riding on the donkey and _3_ (he) poor father is walking!”When they passed these people, the boy felt _4_ (badly). He told his father to ride the donkey while he walked. So Hodja rode the donkey, and the boy walked at his side.A little later, they met other people who said, “Well, look at that! That poor boy has to walk _5_ his father is riding the donkey.”After they passed these people, Hodja told his son, “The best thing is for both of us _6_ (walk). Then, no one can _7_ (complaint).” So they continued their journey on foot, _8_ (walk) beside the donkey.Down the road, they met some others who said, “Just look at those idiots. Both of them are walking under this hot sun and neither of them _9_ (ride) the donkey!”Hodja turned to his son and said, “That shows you _10_ hard it is to escape the opinions of men.”助读词汇donkey n. 驴 elder n. 长辈idiot n. 白痴；笨蛋escape v. 逃避；避免prefer to 更喜欢turn to 转向show no respect for sb. 不尊重某人(六)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。An old man was seated in the train with his 25-year-old son. As train started, the young man was filled _1_ much joy and curiosity.He was seated on the window side. He stuck out one hand _2_ (feel) the passing air. He shouted, “Papa see all the trees are going behind”. The old man smiled and _3_ (admire) his sons emotions.There was a couple _4_ were seated beside the young man. They were just sitting and listening to the conversation between the father _5_ the son. They _6_ (probable) thought its somewhat awkward, _7_ (observe) the 25-year-old man was behaving like a small child.Suddenly the young man again shouted, “Papa see the pond and animals. Clouds are moving with the train”. The couple was watching the young man visibly embarrassed of his _8_ (behave).Now it started raining and some water drops touched the young mans hand. He shouted excitedly again, “Papa its raining, the water _9_ (touch) me, see papa”.The couple couldnt help themselves any longer and asked the old man, “Why dont you visit the doctor and get your son treated?” The old man said, “Yes, we were coming from the hospital. Today only my son got eyesight first time in _10_ (he) life.”助读词汇curiosity n. 好奇 emotions n. 情感；喜怒哀乐somewhat adv. 有点 awkward adj. 尴尬的pond n. 池塘 visibly adv. 明显地embarrassed adj. 尴尬的 stuck out 伸出(七)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Washington was 1 first president of the US. He was very clever even when he was still a 12-year-old boy.Once, a thief stole some money from Uncle Post, Washingtons neighbor. The door 2 the house was not broken, and things in the room 3 (be) in good order. Washington concluded that the theft must have been committed by one of the 4 (villager).That evening at the villagers meeting he said, “We dont know who stole the money 5 God does. God sends 6 (he)wasp (黄蜂)to tell good from evil. Every night the wasp flies among us but few people notice it” Then, all of a sudden, Washington waved his hand and 7 (cry) out, “Look! The wasp has landed on the 8 (thief) hat. It is going tosting (螫)!”The crowd burst into anuproar (哗然). Everybody turned to look for the thief. But soon the noise died down. All eyes werefixedon the man 9 (try) hard to drive the “wasp” off his hat.“Now we know who steal the money,” Washington said 10 (confident).助读词汇president n. 总统 neighbor n. 邻居 commit vt. 犯罪；犯错 (be) in good order 整齐；情况良好 tell good from evil 分辨善恶all of a sudden 突然cry out 大喊 die down 渐渐消失；变弱 (八)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。One year during the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a great famine (饥荒) in the State of Qi.A rich man 1 (name) Qian Ao set up a stall by the roadside with 2 (lot) of food, waiting 3 hungry people to come to give it in charity.After a short while, 4 awfullyhungry man walked over, with his head covered by his sleeve and his shoes tied up withstrings. When Qian Ao saw this, he held food in his left hand and tea in his right, 5 (shout), “Hey, come and eat 6 (you) food.”The man raised his head suddenly, opening his eyes wide and said 7 (angry), “It is exactly because I dont want 8 (take) this kind of hand-out food given by people shouting charity that I have starved to such an extent!”As soon as Qian Ao heard this, he quickly 9 (apologize) to the man.Eventually, the man starved to death 10 he wasunwillingto take the food.助读词汇roadside n. 路边 sleeve n. 袖子set up a stall设了一个摊位the Spring and Autumn Period 春秋时期in charity 处于恻隐之心tied up withstrings 用绳子系住to such an extent 到如此的程度starve to death饿死(九)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When I was about 12, I developed a passion for writing poetry. I gave up all my other _1_ (hobby), and spent my spare time _2_ (read) poetry and writing it. This habit of writing poetry on every possible occasion soon got me _3_ trouble. If a lesson didnt interest me, Id take out my notebook and start writing poems in class. Of course, I did this _4_ (cautious), but it was not long before I got caught. One day _5_ I was busy writing a poem during a geography lesson, I looked up to find the teacher standing over me, staring with _6_ (angry) because I wasnt paying attention. He tore up the poem, with a warning not to waste time in his class. Yet I was convinced that I _7_ (write) a good poem, so that evening I wrote it out again from memory. Not long after, I read about a poem contest and I decided to send in my poem. Weeks later, long after Id given up hope, I got a letter _8_ (inform) me Id won the first prize. Everyone at school was _9_ (impress) except the geography teacher, _10_ watched me more carefully than ever. He was quite determined that I wasnt going to write poetry in his lesson.助读词汇passion n. 激情；热爱 stare vi. 盯着看determined adj. 坚决的 tear up 撕碎from memory 凭记忆 not long after 没过多久long after 很久之后 it was not long before 没过多久I was convinced that 我相信 on every possible occasion在每一个可能的场合(十)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After graduation, John and Peter joined a company together. Years later, the boss promoted Peter _1_ manager, but John remained as an ordinary worker. John couldnt take it. He handed his resignation to the boss, _2_ (complain) that the boss didnt value hardworking workers, but only promoted those _3_ (please) guys.The boss said, “Thank you John, but I have a request. I hope youll do one more thing for our company _4_ you leave. Perhaps youll change your mind.”John agreed. The boss asked him _5_ (go) and find anyone selling watermelon in the market. John went and returned soon, and said he had found one. The boss asked how much per kg? John _6_ (shake) his head, went back to the market and returned to inform the boss $1.2 per kg.The boss told John to wait a second. He asked Peter to do the same. Peter went, returned and said _7_ (gentle), “Boss, only one person is selling watermelon. $1.2 per kg, and $10 for 10 kg. He has 320 melons in all, 58 of _8_ are on the table. Fresh and red, each weighs about 2 kg.”John _9_ (be) very impressed and realized the _10_ (different) between himself and Peter. He decided to stay to learn from Peter.助读词汇promote vt. 提升 take vt. 接受resignation n. 辞职信 value vt. 珍惜request n. 请求 watermelon n. 西瓜inform vt. 告知 impressed adj. 印象深刻的ordinary worker 普通员工 change your mind 改变你的主意参考答案(一)本文讲述的是一只新来的熊因为爱出风头而被其他熊赶出家族的故事。此故事意义深远，令人深思。1. at 固定搭配at length意为“终于、最终”。2. returned 根据前面的并列谓语escaped可知此空也必须填过去时returned。3. him 作宾语用宾格。4. a 因history是可数名词，此处缺少限定词，故填a。5. which 引导非限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。6. to exhibit 表目的用动词不定式。7. were watching 分析句子成分可知，此处watch作谓语(只需要考虑时态和语态)。思考涉及过去的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时)，显然过去进行时最符合语境，表“当时正在观看表演”。语态显然无需用被动，故填were watching。8. totally 修饰表语in vain用副词。9. Seeing 此处see作非谓语，并与逻辑主语the bear存在主动关系，故填Seeing。10. higher 显然此处指更高水平的表演。属于隐性比较等级。(二)这是一篇主人公为霍加(阿凡提)的民间笑话大锅生小锅，故事诙谐幽默，却发人深省，为人处世教育寓含于中。1. But 上下句为转折关系。2. smaller 隐性比较级(与原锅作比较)。3. later 表“多久以后”用later。如two days later(两天后)。4. to lend 形容词后常用不定式作状语。句型：主+系+形容词+to do。5. as 固定搭配：as before意为“像之前那样”。6. borrowed 此处borrow为非谓语，并与逻辑主语pot存在被动关系，故填过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面的pot。7. shocked 因v-ed形容词作表语，表达主语neighbor(人)的心情。8. What 句意“你认为我是什么(种类的)人?”9. died 一般过去时，对应句意“你想让我相信刚才你讲的话锅死了?”10. believing 固定结构：have (no) trouble (in) doing sth.(三)本文讲述的是四根蜡烛的故事。“和平”、“信念”和“爱”这三根蜡烛都在人们的冷落下熄灭了，只剩下“希望”。但只要“希望”之烛仍在，就能重燃其它几根蜡烛。1. that 引导结果状语从句，由本句前面的so可知填that。2. wants 从前面的分句可知本句用一般现在时，主语是nobody，故用第三人称单数。3. second 由上下文意和空前的定冠词the可知是用序数词。4. strength 作宾语用名词形式。句意：我再也没有让我保持燃烧的力量了。5. to love 因forger to do sth.意为“忘记做某事”。6. nearest 由空格前的定冠词the可知本空应填形容词最高级。7. waiting 作为非谓语动词，wait与逻辑主语love是主动关系，故用waiting。8. a 因child在原文第一次出现，而且是可数名词，故填不定冠词a。9. gently 修饰动词spoke必须用副词形式。10. With 句意：怀着希望和喜悦，小孩拿起“希望”之烛点燃了其它的几根蜡烛，with表伴随。(四)本文讲述的是猴子捞月的故事。1. where 引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是forest，故填where。2. the 因moon前必须加定冠词。3. bent bend在此作谓语，故考虑时态和语态。时态显然是过去时，语态不用被动，故填bent即可。4. will be 根据前面的时间状语today可知填一般将来时。5. puzzled 作表语用形容词。6. sudden 修饰名词用形容词形式。7. grasps 位于双引号里面的信息，时态常用一般现在时。主语是不定代词，故谓语用第三人称单数。8. linked 此处link作谓语，根据前一句可知要用过去式。9. extending 此处extend作非谓语，且与逻辑主语存在主动关系，故填-ing形式。10. with 表“带着/伴随着”常用介词with。(五)这是一篇主人公为霍加(阿凡提)的民间寓言人言可畏，故事浅显，却发人深省，为人处世教育寓含于中。1. on 固定搭配go on a journey以为“去旅行”。2. youth 在所有格后用名词。3. his 此处“_3_ (he) poor father”作主语，且根据前面的He可知此处填形容词性物主代词his。4. bad 感官类系动词后用形容词作表语。5. while 并列连词while重在对比“男孩走”但“爸爸骑驴”。6. to walk 不定式作表语。句子结构：The best thing is for sb. to do sth.7. complain 此空作谓语且位于情态动词后，故填动词原形。8. walking 现在分词作伴随状语，其逻辑主语为they，与walk为主动关系。9. is/are riding 用现在进行时，直接引语中，“look”这个动作对应的应为“现在正在”骑驴，neither of them后的谓语动词可单可复。10. how 感叹句充当宾语从句，how后面紧跟hard形容词。(六)本文讲述了一对夫妇和他们25岁大的儿子坐火车，他们的儿子25年来第一次恢复视力，自己亲眼看见这个世界，难掩兴奋激动的心情。1. with 固定短语be filled with.意为“充满”。2. to feel 作目的状语，用不定式。3. admired 此处admire作谓语，与smiled并列，故用过去式。4. who 引导定语从句，先行词是a couple(一对夫妇)，指人，故用who。5. and 固定结构betweenand意为“在与之间”。6. probably 修饰动词thought，要用副词形式。7. observing 分析句子结构可知，observe在此作非谓语，且与主语为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。8. behavior 形容词性物主代词后需接名词。9. is touching 分析句子结构可知，此处touch作谓语，故需要考虑时态和语态。根据前面的its raining推知，用现在进行时最佳。10. his 名词前用形容词性物主代词，表“在他的生命中”。(七)本文主要讲了美国第一任总统华盛顿机智抓住小偷的故事。1. the 序数词前应加冠词the，表示“美国第一任总统”。2. of 因the door of the house意为“房子的门”，故填of。3. were 根据主语things可知此处应用be的复数形式；再根据全文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。4. villagers 根据one of可知此处应用名词的复数形式。5. but 句意是“虽然我们不知道是谁偷了钱，但神知道”，此处表示转折含义。6. his 修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词his。7. cried 因and并列两个谓语动词时态应保持一致，故此处应填与waved相对应的cried。8. thiefs 修饰名词hat，应用thief的所有格形式。9. trying 因the man与try是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。10. confidently 修饰动词said，应用副词形式。(八)本文讲的是一个怀有强烈自尊心的人，宁可饿死也不肯接受人轻视的故事。1. named 分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词set up，故name应是非谓语；再根据name与主语man之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。2. lots 因lots of意为“许多、大量”，可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。3. for 句意是“等饥饿的人来了，就施舍给他们”，wait for意为“等待、等候”。4. an 因hungry man在此处首次出现，且awfully是以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。5. shouting 分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词held，故shout应是非谓语；再根据shout与主语he之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词。6. your 修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词your。7. angrily 修饰动词said，应用副词形式。8. to take 因want后常接不定式作宾语，want to do sth. 意为“想要做某事”。9. apologized 根据前后文时态可知本文主要时态为一般过去时，故apologize也应用一般过去时。10. because 句意是“最后那人因为不肯吃他的东西而饿死了”，根据句意可知前后两个分句是因果关系，故填连接词because。(九)本文讲述了作者在课堂上写诗而被老师发现后引发的故事。1. hobbies 根据前面的other得知其他的爱好不止一个，故填复数形式。2. reading 因固定结构spend.(in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。3. into 因固定短语get sb. into trouble意为“让某人惹上麻烦”。4. cautiously 修饰前面的动词did用副词形式。5. when 引导时间状语从句，表“当的时候”。6. anger 介词后用名词作介词宾语。7. had written 此处write作谓语，考虑时态和语态。在“我”相信的时候就已经写完了一首诗，故用过去完成时最佳。8. informing 此处inform是非谓语，与逻辑主语letter存在主动关系，故用现在分词。9. impressed 作表语要用形容词，此处impressed意为“印象深刻的”。10. who 引导非限定性定语从句，由先行词teacher可知用who，在从句中充当主语。(十)本文讲述了两个公司员工在处理同一件事情上体现的能力差异。1. to 习惯搭配promote.to.意为“把提升为”。2. complaining 本句主语为He，因句中已有谓语handed，complain应为非谓语动词，且与主语He存在主动关系，故用现在分词。3. pleasing 在名词前作定语，要用形容词，意为“讨人喜欢的”。4. before 句意：在你离开公司前，我希望你再为公司做多一件事。5. to go 由ask sb. to do sth.意为“叫某人做某事”句型可知。6. shook 此处shake作谓语，由后面的并列谓语went back与returned可知用一般过去式。7. gently 修饰动词said要用副词。8. which 引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语。9. was 由后面的realized可知用一般过去式，主语是John，故用单数。10. difference 作宾语要用名词形式。