修改好主表从句学案.doc

Noun Clauses- the Subject Clause and the Predicative Clause名词性从句-主语从句和表语从句班级： 姓名： 小组： 评价： Learning goal: Learn to master the usage of “the Subject Clause and the Predicative Clause”. Learning important and difficult point: How to choose the proper connective word.Learning methods: self-study and group work Step 1. Leading-in (7mins) 【考纲解读】名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目，主要考查：1. 连接词的正确使用。2. 连接代词what的用法。3. 名词性从句的语序。【基本概念】名词性从句：在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句是相当于名词的句子在句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语, 因此分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。1. 名词性从句的分类：主语从句（the Subject Clause）名词性从句表语从句（the Predicative Clause）Noun Clauses宾语从句（the Object Clause）同位语从句（the Appositive Clause）2. 名词性从句中连接词的运用：连接词作用whether that (本身无词义)只起连接词作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分who, whom, whosewhich what 在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语、表语和定语when, where, how, why除了起连接词作用外，还在从句中作状语3. 名词性从句的特点：从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。4. 解题技巧： 依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。 注意几组易混连词whether与if；that与what的使用。Step 2. Thinking (15mins). Learn the grammar by yourselves. . Do the exercises.一. 主语从句1. 主语从句：在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句 种类关联词例 句说 明连thatThat he will come to your aid is certain. = Its certain that he will come to your aid. 只起连接作用，不充当句子成分,没有词汇意义，但不能省略。 词whetherWhether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 主语从句中只能用whether不可用if。主语连接代词who(ever)what(ever)which(ever)What decision he will make is not clear. Who will come out first is still unknown. Whoever breaks the law will get punished.Whichever one of you comes in first will receive a prize.主语从句放在句首，句子常显得笨重，因此一般把它移到句子后面，前面用从句连接副词whenwherewhyhowIt is known to us how he turned writer. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 引导词“it”来作形式主语。特别提醒：一.【主语从句的主谓一致】u what 引导主语从句, 如果表语是名词时，主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.What he wants is some water. What he wants are these books. u 主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.二【主语从句与形式主语it】为了避免头重脚轻，通常使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分四种情况：a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is important/vital/necessary/essential/natural/strangethat + (should) doIt is clear/obvious/certain/likely that b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is said/reported/ believed/known/thoughtthat It is suggested/ordered/recommended/required/demanded/requested/desired/proposed that + (should) do c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is no wonder/a pity/shame/fact/surprise that d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It seems/appears/happens/turns out thatIt occurred to me that我突然想起eg. It is important that we (should) have a good knowledge of first aid. Its required that we (should) be present at the meeting.It occurred to me that I had left my key in the office.二、表语从句2表语从句：在句中充当表语的从句叫作表语从句 种类关联词例 句说 明表连词thatwhetheras if/thoughThe problem is that they cant get here early enough. The problem is whether he can get enough money.It looks as ift/hough its going to rain. 语从连接代词whowhatwhichThats just what I want. The question is who(which of you) will be the next speaker.China is no longer what it used to be. 表语从句位于主句系动词之后。句连接副词whenwherewhyhowThis is where our problem lies. That is why he didnt come to the meeting. The reason is that he was ill.1常见的句型:(1)It looks / seems as if 好像；仿佛(2)This is because 这是因为(3)The reason why is that 的原因是(4)That is why 那是因为(5)The question / problem is whether / when / where 问题是(6)His suggestion /advice is that 他的建议是2.特殊句型：A is to B what C is to D 3.【疑问词+ever与 no matter+疑问词的区别】1) whoever 引导名词性从句时，whoeveranyone who2) whatever 引导名词性从句时，whateveranything that3) whichever 引导名词性从句时，whicheverany名词that疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.You can choose whatever you like in the shop.疑问词 + ever还可引导让步状语从句。Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,Whatever you do, you must do it well.no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。No matter what you do, you must do it well.No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.【注意】who强调“疑问”，whoever不含疑问，强调“任何”。任何人来都欢迎。误：Who comes will be welcome. / Anyone comes will be welcome.正：Whoever comes will be welcome. / Anyone who comes will be welcome.4. 【只用whether不用if的情况】u 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句u discuss之后u 介词之后u whether to dou whether or not 连用Step 3. Discussion (6mins) Discuss your problems with your partners. Step 4. Presentation (5mins) Present your answers on the blackboard.Step 5. Explanation +Checking (12mins)一高考真题1. 2014北京卷 The best moment for the football star was _ he scored thewinning goal.2. 2014全国大纲卷 Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.3. 2014湖南卷 As John Lennon once said，life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.4. 2014江苏卷 What a mess! You are always so lazy! Im not to blame, Mum. I am _ you have made me.5. 2014四川卷 Grandma pointed tothe hospital and said, “Thats _ I was born.”6. 2013山东Its good to know _ the dogs will be well cared for while were away.7. 2012安徽卷,27The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but_he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.二语法填空_ to improve your reading ability remains a problem. However, most of the students think that reading is of little importance to their English study. It seems _ they are hopeless about reading. This is _ I disagree. As far as Im concerned, it is necessary _you should attach importance to reading, which I think will be of great benefit to your English study. The problem is_you can put what youve learned into practice. As for the problem, my advice is _ you should spend as much time as possible reading English books. This is _ reading can enrich your knowledge and enlarge your vocabulary. This is _ I have belief in._ is known is that a persons life is limited while knowledge is unlimited. Do keep it in mind that knowledge can change your fate and English can accomplish your future. The saying goes that reading is to the mind _ exercise is to the body.This is _ I advise you to read more English books. The next time I give you some advice will be _ you take the next exam.三补全句子1._(她赢了这场比赛)made us very happy. 2._(所需要的) is careful preparation. 3._(她是否来参加我的生日晚会)doesnt matter too much. 4. My suggestion is _ (你应该意识到健康的重要性).5. The problem is _(我们是否能够按时到达那儿).6.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and_.（这是我不同意的地方）.