选修六Unit4-5词汇梳理.doc

选修六 Unit4-5重点词汇用法讲练 1. subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅（杂志） vt. 签署（文件）；常用结构：subscribe sth. to. 把捐献给；签名；签字subscribe to sth. 同意；订阅；赞成【即学即练】他每年都向教会捐款十万元。He _ 100, 000 yuan _ the church every year.我会赞同你的决定。I will _your decision.我们决定订阅几本对我们的工作有益的杂志。 We decided to _ some magazines useful for our work.答案：subscribes; to subscribe to subscribe to2. oppose vt. 反对；反抗；与（某人）较量；（与to连用）使反对，使相对常用结构：oppose (doing) sth. 反对（做）某事 oppose sb doing sth. 反对某人做某事oppose sth. to/against sth. 使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗oppose sth./doing sth./sb. doing sth. 反对某事/做某事/某人做某事be opposed to 反对；与对立Most of the students oppose _ on Sunday. 大部分学生反对星期天上课。My mother is firmly_ the new plan. 我妈妈坚决反对这个新计划。答案：taking classes opposed to【易混辨析】oppose/object/resist/protestoppose 常指“对某人或某事采取积极行动来反对”，尤指“反对一种观念、思想、计划等”，隐含其正当性，语气强于object。object多指因个人厌恶或反感而反对, 但不一定明显地表露出来。resist 常指“用力量或意志积极地反抗、制止对方的入侵或诱惑、影响等。”protest: 一般指通过言语或文字或行为表示出的强烈抗议、反对。【即学即练】用oppose/object/resist的适当形式填空Many residents are _ to the plan of building the motorway. 很多居民反对建这条高速公路的计划。Those who _ to this idea forget a universal truth. 那些反对这个观点的人忘了一个普遍真理。At first they _ the call for reform. 起初他们抵制改革的呼声。consumer groups are _ against higher prices消费者对高价提出抗议。The professor,_ out the project, made a comment on the report.A. was opposed to carry B. opposed to carryC. opposed to carrying D. opposed carrying答案：opposed object resisted protesting 选C。解析：be opposed to sth./doing sth.意思为 “反对”，其中to是介词。此处用过去分词作后置定语，相当于定语从句“who was opposed to carrying”。3. range n.种类, 范围；幅度；vt. （在一定范围内）变动；排列常用结构：within/ in range 在射程以内，在范围内beyond/ out of range超越的范围; 某人能力达不到的range oneself 站在的方面range from to / between and 从到不等【即学即练】He has a number of interests, _ playing chess to swimming.他的爱好很多，从下棋到游泳。 Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree? No. Its out of_ .A. range B. reach C. control D. distance 答案：ranging from 选A。解析： range表示“（枪、弹等的）射程”。in/within/out of/beyond range表示“在射程以内（外）”。out of ones reach够不到；out of control 失去控制；没有“out of distance”离太远，达不到。4. appoint vt. 任命；委派常用结构：appoint sb.（as / to be）.任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人去做某事appoint sth. (for sth.)(为某事)确定（日期、场所等）【联想拓展】appointed adj.约定的；指定的 appointment n.约会；约定；委任make an appointment with sb.与某人约会（主要指工作、商务方面的约会）keep/break ones appointment守约/违约【即学即练】The headmaster _ a new director. 校长任命他当新主任。I _ English in that village. 我被指派到那个山村教英语。If you want to meet him, you have to _ with him ahead of time. 如果你想和他见面，你得提前预约。答案：appointed him (as/to be) was appointed to teach make an appointment5. guarantee vt. 保证；担保 n. 保证；担保；保修单； 常用结构：guarantee to do sth.保证干某事guarantee sb. sth. / guarantee.to sb.向某人担保/保证guarantee that.保证guarantee sb. against/from保证某人免受损害、危险等give sb. a guarantee that.向某人保证under guarantee 在保修期内【即学即练】I can_ I was totally innocent. 我可以保证我完全是清白的。The policy _ us _ all loss. 这项政策保证了我们免受全部损失。We _ satisfaction _ customers. 我们保证令顾客满意。Working hard is not only a _ of great success, but is among the essential requirements.努力工作不仅是巨大成功的保证，而是根本需要之一。 答案：guarantee (that) guarantees；against guarantee；to guarantee6. account n.报道；报告；利益；账目 vi.解释；导致 vt.认为；把视为常用结构：account for对负责；作出解释；说明原因on account of由于；因为take.into account考虑；顾及【即学即练】Jack could not_ his foolish mistake.杰克无法解释自己的愚蠢错误。We cant swim here _ the sharks. 我们不能在这里游泳，有鲨鱼。When deciding what to do we must _ all the difficulties.在决定做某件事情的时候，我们必须把所有的困难都考虑进去。答案：account for on account of take into account7. evaluate vt. 评估，评价The teacher evaluated the performance of each student.老师对每个学生的成绩表现做出评价。I cannot evaluate his ability without seeing his work.我没有看见他的工作情况，无法评估他的能力。【联想拓展】evaluate作“评价”讲时，其近义词是appraise；“高度评价”可用highly appraise , speak highly of , set a high value on , think highly of evaluation n. 评估，评价【易混辨析】evaluate , estimate , value evaluate: 往往用来表示“评价.”，而很少用来表示“估计”某物的市场价值。estimate：表示“估计”，只是猜测，一般是个人的主观估价或一种想法。value：多用来估计某物的价值，强调精确的估价。【即学即练】The research project has only been under way for 3 months, so its too early _ its success. 这个研究项目只进行了三个月，因此评价它是否成功还为时尚早。We _ that it the building would cost about 50,000 dollars.我们估计这房子将花费五万美元。According to the expert concerned, the vase _ at over 200,000 yuan so far.据相关的专家透露，这个花瓶目前已经估价在20万元以上。 答案：to evaluate estimated has been valued8. come about发生；产生How did this dangerous state of affairs come about? 这种危险的事态是怎么发生的?注意：come about没有被动句，有时用it作形式主语，后面跟that引导的主语从句。 【易混辨析】come about/ happen/ take place/ break outcome about指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由；happen指偶然的、意外的客观事物的发生或出现；take place指事件的发生时在预料中的，即为“按计划进行；举行”；break out指战争、火灾、自然灾害的突然“爆发”。【即学即练】Great changes have _ in Guangzhou since Asian Games.自从亚运会以来，广州发生了巨大的变化。A fire _ during the night, which caused a lot of damage. 晚上发生了火灾，这造成了极大的损失。How did it _ that you were absent from such an important meeting? 你缺席了如此重要的会议，这是怎么回事？答案：taken place broke out come about