资源描述
Unit 4Sharing【短文语法填空】How do native speakers truly feel when speaking with nonnative English speakers? It seems that 1. (break) English annoys them.However, they keep being really nice when speaking with nonnative speakers.I wonder how they really feel when doing so.I think it would depend 2. the native English speakers.Some people are just 3. (easy) annoyed.Personally, I study Spanish.When I hear someone 4. (attempt) English, I am patient with them because I know 5. difficult it is to talk in a nonnative tongue.I also know English is very difficult 6. (learn), and that increases my respect for their efforts.Im a patient person by nature.The situation matters too.If I were waiting 7. (table) on a super crowded day and really 8. (need) to do about a dozen different things, I might bee upset at having to wait for someone to struggle while ordering his meal.There also exists the 9. (possible) that what is considered as annoyance is not true annoyance.I might frown(皱眉) while listening to a nonnative speaker, 10. that would be because I am concentrating and listening hard to understand him.It wouldnt mean Im at all annoyed.【解题导语】当一个母语是英语的人听到一个人说着蹩脚的英语时是什么感受？厌烦还是耐心倾听？本文就此问题进行了讨论。1broken解析：考查词性转换。句意：似乎蹩脚的英语让他们感到厌烦。修饰名词用形容词，故填动词break的形容词形式broken，意为“蹩脚的；不流利的”。2on/upon解析：考查介词。句意：我认为这要取决于英语为母语的人。depend on/upon是固定搭配，意为“依赖；取决于”。故填on/upon。3easily解析：考查词性转换。句意：有些人就是容易生气。设空处修饰动词，要用副词，故填easily。4attempting解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我听到有人努力说英语时，我很耐心是因为我知道用非母语交流是多么不容易。此处为“hear宾语宾补”结构，attempt与宾语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且此处指听到有人正在努力说英语，故用现在分词作宾补。故填attempting。5how解析：考查宾语从句。句意见上一题解析。此处为感叹句用作宾语从句，用于加强语气。设空处修饰形容词difficult，故填how。6to learn解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我也知道英语很难学，那增加了我对他们的努力的尊重。在“it isadj.to do.”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式(短语)作真正的主语，故填to learn。7tables解析：考查名词单复数。句意：如果我正在人超级多的一天招待顾客，且真的需要做很多件不同的事情，我可能会因不得不等待在点餐时纠结不已的人而感到心烦意乱。wait tables是固定短语，意为“招待顾客”。故填tables。8needed解析：考查动词的时态。句意见上一题解析。根据并列连词and可知，前后时态应该一致，故填过去式needed。9possibility解析：考查词性转换。句意：也存在这样的可能性，有些烦恼不是真的烦恼。定冠词the后接名词形式，且根据谓语动词exists可知，应填形容词possible的名词形式possibility。10but/yet解析：考查连词。句意：听非母语的讲话者说话时，我可能紧皱着眉头，但那是因为我在聚精会神地努力去听懂他。根据句意可知，前后文是转折关系。故填but/yet。(对应学生用书P173)一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇_relevant_ adj.有关的；切题的_otherwise_ conj.否则；不然 adv.用别的方法；其他方面_purchase_ vt.& n买；购买adjust vi.& vt.调整；(使)适合_adjustable_ adj.可调整的_adjustment_ n调整；调节；适应participate vi.参与；参加 _participation_ n参加，参与 _participant_ n参与者donate vt.捐赠 _donation_ n捐赠 _donator_ n捐赠者voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的 _volunteer_ n& vi.志愿者；自愿做distribute vt.分配；分发 _distribution_ n分配；分发；分布状态operate vi.工作；运转 vt.操作 _operation_ n手术，运转_operator_ n操作人员2常考词汇fortnight n_两星期_concept n_概念_privilege n_特权；特别优待_anniversary n_周年纪念_security n_安全；保护；保障_用所给单词的适当形式填空1Last year, Moran worked on a project that _arranged_ (arrange) Fats Wallers music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music，”says Moran.(2017全国卷)2I work with _Volunteers_ (volunteer) for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.(2017全国卷)3We have yet to invent a firewall that is _secure_ (security) against ordinary humans，let alone super intelligent machines.(2017北京卷)4When another person helps us in such ways，now he or she _is participating_ (participate) in what Ive called a“social prosthetic (义肢的) system.”(2016江苏卷)5Volunteers came with carloads of _donated_ (donate) clothing and toys.Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.(2016北京卷)6For example，the moment you get on the airplane，start _adjusting_ (adjust) your biological clock to the destinations time.(2015重庆卷)7Thus，class may not be culturally and _politically_ (police) obvious，yet it remains an important part of British society.(2015广东卷)8You can write anything _relevant_ (relevance) so long as its interesting and informative.(2015全国卷)牵手 privilegea privilege to do sth./of doing sth.有幸做某事have the privilege to do/of doing sth.have the right to do sth.有做某事的特权privileged adj.享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的be privileged to do sth 做某事是荣幸的operate 多元须知operate properly (运转正常)operate at once (立刻动手术)the medicine operates (药起作用)operate a puter (操作电脑)operate a shop (经营一家商店)与“经济生活”有关的高频单词小结distribute vt.分发；分配；分布export vt.& vi.出口；输出import vt.进口；输入invest vt.&.vi.投资bid vt.出价；投标pete vi.竞争含词根“viv/vit(生命)”的单词vivid adj.生动的revive vt.复活revival n复活survive v存活；幸存survival n存活；幸存survivor n幸存者含rrow的词一览narrow adj.狭窄的arrow n箭头borrow v借sorrow n伤心sparrow n麻雀【完形填空】I lived in Dallas，Texas nearly all my life with my dad，mom and younger brother.We were raised to _1_ others，value education，and get all that we could out of life.My parents always say，“Work _2_ and the world is yours.”They are _3_ without a helpful word of_4_ or a bit of encouragement when life gets_5_.My parents always _6_ me to go to college.However, when I_7_ at 16 years old that Id rather get married to a man _8_ go to college，they never stopped telling me they loved me and I could do anything I wanted to.Thankfully，they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and currently _9_ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine.I want to make the world a_10_ place to live in.Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab or_11_ class it is that Im working hardest on for the moment，they tell me how _12_ of me they are.I know there are college kids out there that have no one to _13_ home to when they get an“A”on a project and I feel incredibly_14_ to have my parents.They never_15_ loving me or believing in me.Parents are the best gift that God gives me._16_ their constant love and encouragement，I wouldnt believe I can _17_ the world.My parents _18_ me to always fight for what I _19_ in.So Im working toward something really great and can only hope I_20_ to make them proud.1A.inspireBrespectCguide Dfollow2A.hard BsolidlyCattentively Dintelligently3A.sometimes BanytimeCever Dnever4A.method BadviceCeducation Dintroduction5A.tough BsmoothCbright Dhappy6A.reminded BsupposedCdesigned Dexpected7A.decided BhesitatedCjudged Dremembered8A.but BandCthan Dwhile9A.joined BattendedCserved Dadmitted10A.fortable BsuitableCpeaceful Dbetter11A.whenever BwhicheverCwherever Dhowever12A.ashamed BnervousCproud Dmodest13A.go BrunCreturn Dcall14A.blessed BannoyedCpraised Drelaxed15A.stopped BhelpedCblamed Dprevented16A.With BWithoutCUnder DBeneath17A.change BdestroyCconquer Dchallenge18A.forced BorderedCallowed Dtaught19A.enjoy BworkCbelieve Dlive20A.want BwishChave Dcontinue【解题导语】爸爸、妈妈、弟弟和“我”住在达拉斯，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视教育，他们的爱和鼓励对“我”意义重大。1B根据全文内容可知，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视教育。respect意为“尊敬，尊重”，符合语境。2A父母总是教育我们：“努力工作，世界就是你们的。”故选A。3D当生活变得艰难时，父母总会给我们有益的建议或一些鼓励。never without为双重否定，表示肯定的意思。4B参见上题解析。a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建议”。5A参见3题解析。tough“艰难的，艰苦的”。6D根据该段中的“Thankfully, they persuaded me”可知，父母一直期望“我”上大学并最终说服了“我”。expect“期望，期待”。7A根据下文父母对“我”的劝说可知，16岁时“我”决定(decided)结婚而不是上大学。8C16岁时“我”决定结婚而不是上大学。would rather.than.为固定用法，表示“宁愿而不愿”。9B根据文中的“they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and.medicine”可知，“我”高中毕业后上了一所大学。attend意为“经常去，定期去(学校、教堂等)”。10D根据文中的“the University of Oklahoma studying medicine”可知，“我”主修医学，想让这个世界成为更好的(better)可供人们生活的地方。11B每次当“我”打电话告诉他们“我”在实验室里的成绩或是“我”当时正努力学习的任何一门课程时，他们会告诉“我”他们以“我”为傲。whichever class意为“无论哪一门课”。12C父母以“我”取得的成绩而自豪。be proud of为固定用法，意为“以自豪”。13D“我”知道有的大学生在得到一个“A”时，因没家人所以无法打电话回家。故选D。14A和那些得了“A”却没有家人可告知的同学相比，“我”有这样的父母是非常有福的。blessed意义“有福的”。15A父母从不停止对“我”的爱，从不停止对“我”的信赖。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。16B没有(Without)父母持续不断的爱和鼓励，“我”不可能相信“我”能改变世界。17A参见上题解析。故选A。18D父母一直教育(taught)“我”去为“我”认为对的事而奋斗。19C参见上题解析。believe in sth.“认为某事好(或对、可接受)”，符合语境。20D“我”会继续努力，希望父母继续为“我”感到自豪。continue to do sth.表示“继续做某事”，为固定用法。二重点短语识记思考运用1动词介词(副词)hear _from_ 接到的信e _across_ 偶然遇到participate _in_ 参与；参加dry _out_ (使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透dry _up_ (指河流、井等)干涸get _through_ 完成；穿过adjust _to_ 调整；适应2be形容词to(be) dying _to_ 极想；渴望be relevant _to_.和有关3其他形式_the_ other day 不久前的一天_in_ need 在困难中；在危急中用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1If it had not been for his invitation _the other day_，I should not be here now.(2016江苏卷)2From the earliest ages，they desire to help others，to share information and to _participate in_ achieving mon goals.(2016江苏卷)3In summer，water the plants regularly and never let the soil _dry out_.4During the drought，the river _dried up_；as a result，many fish died.5She encouraged a sense of munity (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people _in need_.6Its clear that the young American _is dying to_ learn Chinese from you.7My work colleagues _adjusted to_ my taking off at a moments notice for medical emergencies.8I dont think what he said _is relevant to_ the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.get 短语个个清get on/along with 进展；融洽相处get across 讲清楚；(使)被领会get around 四处走动(旅行)；(消息等)传播get down to 开始认真(做某事)(to为介词)get through 通过；完成；接通(电话)get involved with 参加，参与“参加”词汇个个清attend v出席(会议等)；参加(仪式)等join v加入(组织、团体等)join in 加入(某项活动)take part in 加入(活动、运动等)enter v参加participate in 参与(活动)sit for 参加(考试等)attach oneself to 参与三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句学句型练仿写1.To be honest，I doubt whether Im making any difference to these boyslives at all.说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。doubt whether.“怀疑是否”。doubt用于肯定句时，后面常用whether引导宾语从句或同位语从句。诚实地说，我怀疑他们两天内能否完成这项艰巨的任务。To be honest，I doubt _whether they will finish the hard task_ in two days.2.We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below.我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里先是爬山，爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色，然后走下一个陡坡，一直走到下边的山谷。from where we had fantastic views是“介词where”引导的定语从句。那个男孩爬到了那栋建筑物的三楼，从那个地方他可以看得更远。The boy climbed into the third storey of the building，_from where he could look farther into the distance_.3.The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实有生活需要的人的一项志愿性捐助。not.but.“不是而是”，连接两个并列成分。能给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对于自己所做的事情付出了多少爱。It is _not how much we do but_ how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.【七选五】The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring persons survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 5 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure bees active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear bees active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，作者讲的是有关冒险的科学的探索方面的内容。1.F 【解析】选项F中的weigh risks and rewards与上文的weigh the risk and the reward相呼应，故F项符合语境。2.C 【解析】选项C中的Being better at those things与上文的were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring相呼应，因此选C。3.A 【解析】前文说人们有各种不同的性格，因此你可能喜欢赛车，或者讨厌赛车，故A项这完全是由你的性格决定的符合语境。4.E 【解析】根据上文的your willingness.teenage years及下文的hunger for new experiences.可知E项符合语境。5.G 【解析】根据空后的For the risk-seekers.bees active可知，此处讲的是面对紧张的局面时我们的大脑会有不同的反应，故G项符合语境。
展开阅读全文