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专题03 Life in the future 【高频单词】1impression (n.) 印象；感想；印记impress (vt.) 使留下深刻印象impressive (adj.) 给人深刻印象的2constant (adj.) 时常发生的；连续不断的constantly (adv.) 不断地3surroundings (n.) 周围的事物；环境surrounding (adj.) 周围的4tolerate (vt.) 容忍；忍受toleration (n.) 容忍；忍受tolerant (adj.) 忍受的5lack (vi.&vt.) 缺乏；没有 (n.) 缺乏；短缺的东西lacking (adj.) 缺乏的；短缺的6adjustment (n.) 调整；调节adjust (vt.) 调整7press (vi.&vt.) 按；压；逼迫 (n.) 按；压；印刷；新闻pressure (n.) 压力8optimistic (adj.) 乐观(主义)的optimism (n.) 乐观主义9instant (n.) 瞬间；片刻 (adj.) 立即的；立刻的instantly (adv.) 立即；立刻10representative (n.) 代表；典型人物 (adj.) 典型的；有代表性的represent (vt.) 代表11settlement (n.) 定居；解决settle (v.) 定居；解决settler (n.) 定居者12uncertain (adj.)不确切的；无把握的uncertainly(adv.)犹豫地；迟疑地uncertainty(n.)犹豫；迟疑；无把握13guide (n.)指导；向导；导游(vt.)指引；指导guidance(n.)指引guiding(adj.)给予指导的；有影响的【重点短语】1take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续2be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原3lose_sight_of. 看不见4sweep_up 打扫；横扫5slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进6speed_up 加速7as_a_result 结果8be_similar_to 与相似9in_all_directions 向四面八方10show_sb._around 带领某人参观11assist_in 帮助；援助；协助12be_optimistic_about 对感到乐观【热点句型】1.特殊疑问词插入语(do you think/suppose/expect/believe等)陈述语序Which problems do_you_think (你认为)people will have overe in one thousand years？ 2形容词不定式(作状语)，主动表被动At first my new surroundings were difficult_to_tolerate (难以忍受) 3过去分词短语在句子中作状语Hit by a_lack_of_fresh_air (由于缺乏新鲜空气), my head ached. 4make宾语宾语补足语“Put on this mask，” he advised. “Itll make_you_feel_much_better(使你感觉好些)” 5what引导的名词性从句However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what_looked_like_a_large_market (一个看上去像是大市场的地方) because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 6形容词作状语Exhausted (我感到累极了), I slid into bed and fell fast asleep 7where引导定语从句，修饰先行词Well, now theres a system where_the_waste_is_disposed_of (能处理掉废弃物) using the principles of ecology. 高频考点一、单词例1、impression n印象；感想；印记FIRST IMPRESSIONS. (P17)第一印象。【归纳拓展】(1)make/leave an impression on 给留下印象(2)impress vt. 给以深刻印象；使铭记impress sb. with sth.impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记某事物be impressed by/with/at 对印象深刻(3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的；难忘的【语境助记】Hundreds of people have formed_impressions_of_you through that little device(装置) on your desk.成百上千的人已经通过你桌子上的那个小装置形成了对你的印象。Also, I would be meeting new people, and properly ironed clothes would help me make_a_good_impression.当然，我会遇到新朋友，熨烫齐整的衣服会帮助我留下一个好印象。Much_impressed_by/at/with her diligence, the banker has decided to sponsor her till she graduates from college.那位银行家被她的勤奋深深打动，决定资助她直到大学毕业。My father always impresses me the importance of hard work.我父亲总要我牢记努力工作的重要性。例2、lack vi. & vt.缺乏；没有 n缺乏；短缺的东西Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。【归纳拓展】(1)lack sth. 缺少某物(2)for lack of sth. 因缺乏某物；因没有某物a lack of sth. 某物方面的短缺no lack of 不缺乏(3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in 缺少【名师点睛】1、lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用；形容词lacking与in连用。2、lack表示“缺少的东西”时，常为可数名词。【语境助记】Many people in African countries suffer from malnutrition for_lack_of_food.非洲国家有很多人因食品缺乏而营养不良。A_lack_of/Lacking_confidence can lead to a lot of sufferings.缺乏自信心会导致许多痛苦。What is_lacking_today is the conflict between adolescents desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world. 现在缺乏的东西是青少年对自治的渴望与他们对一个不安全的世界的理解之间的冲突。Although she is rich in knowledge, she is lacking_in practical experience.虽然她知识丰富，但是缺少实际经验。例3、tolerate vt.容忍；忍受At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. (P18)开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。【归纳拓展】(1)tolerate (sb.s) doing sth. 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事stand (sb.s) doing sth.bear sb. doing/to do sth.(2)tolerateput up with 忍受；容忍(3)tolerance n. 容忍；宽容【语境助记】The school cant tolerate_students_cheating in exams.学校绝不容许学生考试作弊。She cant tolerate being_treated that way.她不能容忍被那样对待。Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to_let_it_happen again.他们受到了严重伤害，并且他们不能容忍这样的事情再次发生。例4、instant n瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant its sent.你把金属带放在头上，整理思路，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，片刻功夫信息就发出去了。【归纳拓展】(1)in an instantinstantly 立刻；马上for an instant 一瞬间(2)【名师点睛】表示“一就”的结构归纳：as soon as； no sooner.than.； hardly.when.； immediately/directly/instantly句子； the instant/moment/minute/second句子； on(动)名词【语境助记】I recognized her the_instant (that) I saw her.我一看见她就认出了她。The boss wanted the job done in_an_instant.老板要求马上做这件工作。He stayed here for_an_instant and then left hurriedly.他在这儿待了一会儿，然后就匆匆离开了。Instant_foods are more and more popular among people nowadays.如今，速食食品越来越受人们的欢迎。高频考点三、短语例1、take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.(P17)我还是不能相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。【归纳拓展】【语境助记】写出下列句中take up的含义aAfter he retired from office, Royers took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.开始从事bAre you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受cWe tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占用dShe took up the story where Tim had left off.继续If we dont take_care_of the earth, no one will.如果我们不保护地球，没有人会的。Dont be taken_in by his charmhe is ruthless.不要被他那迷人的风度所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。In such a situation, I work as hard as I canthen let the unconscious take_over. 在这样的情形下，我尽可能地努力工作然后让无意识控制自己。Internet shopping will really take_off when people make sure that it is safe.当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它将真正地成功了。例2、lose sight of 看不见However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.(P18)但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。【归纳拓展】sight n. 视力；视野e into sight 进入视野catch sight of 看见lose ones sight 失明at first sight 乍一看at the sight of 一看到out_of sight 在视野外；看不见in sight 在视野内【语境助记】They finally lost_sight_of land.他们终于看不见陆地了。Out_of_sight,_out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。I felt very glad, for I caught_sight_of my old friend in the crowd.我非常高兴，因为在人群中我看见了我的老朋友。例3、speed up 加速When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up, we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go.当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力踏驱动踏板，并且向想去的方向俯身。【归纳拓展】speed n速度；v.加速；急行slow down 减速at a speed of.以的速度at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速度pick up speed 加速reduce speed 减速【语境助记】Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed_up his recovery.充足的新鲜空气和体育锻炼将加速他的康复。The train began to pick_up_speed when it left the station.刚出车站火车开始加速。Light moves through each matter at_a_different_speed.光以不同的速度穿过每一种物质。高频考点三、句型例1、Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬到床上很快就睡着了。【归纳拓展】exhausted为形容词化的分词在句中作原因状语，相当于as I was exhausted。形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词在句中除充当原因状语外，还可充当时间、条件、伴随、方式、让步状语等。【语境助记】He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold_and_hungry.他饥寒交迫地在风雪中度过了七天。Seriously_injured,_some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once.因严重受伤，其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的医院。Crusoe stared at the footprint, full_of_fear.(Crusoe stared at the footprint and he was full of fear.)克鲁索盯着脚印，心里充满了恐惧。Damaged_but_not_defeated,_he was still ahead of me.即使残疾了，但是未被打败，他仍在我之上。例2、Inside_was_an_exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.太空站里展出了31世纪最先进的发明。【归纳拓展】out, in, into, down, up, away, now, then, here, there等表示方位和时间的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子的主谓部分用完全倒装。当主语为代词时不倒装。【语境助记】Then_came_ the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. 然后年底最终的颁奖仪式随之而来。In the back of the classroom sits_an_old_man.在教室的后面坐着一位老人。At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies_Chongqing,_one of the ten largest cities in China.重庆是中国十大城市之一，位于长江和嘉陵江的交汇处。Down_came the rain and up_went_ the umbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。Here_are my tips for you.这是我给你的提示。Here he_es.他来了。高频考点四、语法过去分词作状语过去分词在句中一般能作时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语，相当于各类状语从句，一般表示被动的动作，也表示动作已经完成，具体情况如下：1时间状语可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等。Seen from the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.When (the park is) seen from the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.2原因状语Greatly touched by the teachers words, the boy devoted all his time to study.Because (the boy was) touched by the teachers words, he devoted all his time to study.3条件状语Given more time, we could do it much better.If (we were) given more time, we could do it much better.4让步状语，相当于although或though引导的让步状语从句Left at home, John didnt feel afraid at all.Although (he was) left at home, John didnt feel afraid at all.5方式、伴随状语The teacher entered the classroom, followed by a group of students.The teacher entered the classroom, and (he was) followed by a group of students.注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词作状语，关键是看主句的主语。如果分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之用过去分词。Used for a long time, the book looks old.Using the book, I find it useful.连词分词/分词短语有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词，连词有：when, while, if, after, before等，但分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。While waiting there, he saw two students ing out of the building.When asked the secret of his success, he owed it to his wife and children. 57. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。 (请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)【答案】Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding.On arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups. I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich variety, and the exquisite craftsmanship of making tea with their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.In order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail. Absorbed in every move of mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture and they couldnt help taking pictures from time to time.Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves. Washing the tea pots, adding tea leaves, and pouring water into the cups, they followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea culture. The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.At the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day. It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value. And I swelled with pride to spread our own culture to people all over the world.【解析】本文为图片介绍类作文，这类作文是根据给出的一幅或几幅图画所提供的信息写短文。此类题的体裁较广泛，可以是记叙文、说明文，也可以是议论文。按照本文的要求可知，是写一篇记叙文。 2. 初步构思，考虑用词、短语、句型和时态。在把握了文章的中心后，应在内心构思一个基本的框架，并考虑使用恰当的词语、短语和句型，以充分地表达文章的内容。本文是讲述上周发生的事情，故时态要以过去时为主，人称是第一人称，尽可能地充分利用所学的短语或句型来表述具体的内容。这是体现自身能力的重要一环。 3. 连词成句，然后再连句成文。运用适当的单词或短语正确表达各图的意思。然后再将各图的单个句子串连起来。串连时，要注意使用适当的连接词语或过渡性语句，不至于让读者觉得文章中出现跳跃现象，更使上下文更为紧凑、自然。4. 反复审核，修改错误。一篇文章写好后，应进行检查，看短文中是否有错，如拼写、用词、时态、语态及表达方面的错误。5. 宜详则详，该略则略。对于一些细节方面的内容，如果是文章必不可少的，在写作过程中是不可将其忽略的。如果是可有可无的细节，则可视具体情况进行增删。据此，我们在读图时一定要注意阅读各图中的一些细节内容，看其是否影响文章的内容。亮点说明：巧妙使用定语从句，提升了文章档次：Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding. 使用非谓语动词，使句子表达更简洁：On arriving at the tea houseI gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich variety,Absorbed in every move of mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique cultureholding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day.使用倒装句突出重点。Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves.使用it做形式主语，使表达更地道。It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.1.【2017新课标I】第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and unfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in mon with me. 36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with fortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer plete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I remend that you find your way in style.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.D I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.EI must say that I have certainly e to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 【答案】【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。 37.C 根据后文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。38.A根据前文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with fortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was no tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。39.F 根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer plete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境，故选F。 2.【2017全国新课标II】 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. 36 ,there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now. 37 .Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to e back during that time or that youll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.When you need to someone, dont do it in your own office. 39 .its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you areIf you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 .If someone knocks and its not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.A. If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at work zxx.kC. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goesD. If youre in the other persons office or in a public areaE. Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt youG. Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not36-40 BAEDG36.根据“there are several ways to handle things”，可知下文是关于几种防止在工作中被别人打断的方法，根据语境分析，选B。37.根据后文“Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time”，这一段主要是讲述，学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。 39.根据后文“its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are”，此句中it指代前文“dont do it in your own office.”，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室解释，不在自己的办公室更容易点。故选D40.根据“If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.”可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。
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