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The design of automatic flipping-body nursing bed Author(s)Fengfa Lang ; Yinjie Cao ; Hui Huang ; Yan Wang ; Pengpeng Yu ; Xinghai Xie Abstract: Through connected the pieces of bed boards with the hinges, it can make the bed board up and down independently, so the functions that turning the body to left or right and raising the legs can be realized. One of the functions does not affect others. Taking the single chip microcomputer as control system core and collecting data about up and down, turn the body to left or right and the angle of raising legs, then it can manually control these functions by using electric driver pusher as the motive power. Combining with clock timing and states switching, we can customize the parameters of the flipping body, so the automatic control problem in the nursing bed is solved.Published in: 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC) Date of Conference: 8-10 Aug. 2011 Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 06 September 2011 ISBN Information: INSPEC Accession Number: 12259492 DOI: 10.1109/AIMSEC.2011.6010593 Publisher: IEEE Conference Location: Dengleng, China AdvertisementContents SECTION I.IntroductionAccoring to Chinese official data, the number of the retirees in our country from 48.2 million in 2004 rises to 70 million in 2010. In our country the number of the old who are more than 60 years old is 143 million, it accounts for 1/5 of the population of global old people. We must pay close attention to the nursing problem about the old and the people can not live by themselves. In this condition, people at home and abroad developed many special bed for patients to get up and flip their bodies. These special bed can meet some need of nursing, but they have the complex structure, the trouble operation, the imperfect functions and the expensive price. That is difficult to meet the needs of the general hospital and the family. So we develop new nursing bed that has simple structure, convenient use and low costing. It is more applicable to the hospital and the family. The patient can get up, flip the body or raise the legs themselves by the remote control or the keyboard. Or we set the pattern as the flipping-body, then it could flip the body without nursing personnel. According to the demand of the patients, in our manual pattern the bed can make the body get up and raise the legs at the same time. The bed satisfies the needs of most patients, greatly reduces the work strength of the nursing staff and improve the patients ability to take care of themselves, that avoids the occurrence of bedsore of the long-term bedridden patients. 1SECTION II.The design of bed bodyTo realize the function that getting up, turning body to left or right and raising legs, the bed is consisted by 12 pieces of bed boards. The structure diagram of the bed boards is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. The structure diagram of the automatic flipping-body nursing bedBed board 1, 2, 3 used for the function of getting up, bed board 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 used for the function of turning the body to left, bed board 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12 used for the function of turning the body to right, bed board 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 used for the function of raising legs. Because the angles of getting up and flipping body are big, we set an inhibiting device in case the bed boards are overturned when the patients get up or flip body. There are two angle transducers used for flipping body under board 2, the two transducers are installed at the perpendicular direction, they are also vertical to the long side of the bed. Three dip angle transducers are installed parallel to the long side of bed, they are used for collecting the angle of getting up, flipping body and raising legs. The functions that getting up, turning the body to left, turning the body to right and raising legs are drived by four independent electric drive pushers. According to the different angles of each part, we choose different electric drive pushers. The electric drive pushers and each part of bed boards are catenated by L revolvingshaft. 2SECTION III.The design of control systemA. Hardware systemHardware system based on the slip chip microcomputer, its input terminal has 8 road 4 4 keyboard, 3 road AID, the clock and remote control receiving input, and its output terminal has 4 road photoelectric isolation relay, 2 road positive pole and negative pole of the power switch and liquid crystal display etc. The structure diagram of system is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. Hardware structure diagram of the nursing bedWe use STC5628AD slip chip microcomputer which has 8 road A/D switch and 28KB FLASHROM. FLASHROM can be used for application program, it also can be treated as EEPROM which is used for storing the system setting parameters. Three roads of A/D are used to input the analog signal of angle relay. The dip angles signal 0V5V corresponds to the 90 degrees +90 degrees. The other roads of A/D are used as the ordinary input/output ports. The identification of keyboard uses the row scanning method. The remote controller receives 4 bits coding, that corresponds to 16 buttons of the remote controller. The clock calendar chip adopts DS 1320 to realize the clock calendar and provide timing for automatic mode. Using 12864 LCD screen with work stock to show the current state of operation. It is convenient to control flipping-body and set system. Four electric driver pushers are controlled by the output of the 4 road photoelectric isolation relay. In hardware we use photoelectric isolation and filter to eliminate the interference of control circuit produced by the electric driver pushers perceptual load. The level calibration of angle sensor is completed by system. 3B. Software system1) The operation process of systemSoftware system mainly completes the functions that system initialization, manual mode control, automatic mode control and system settings etc. System initialization includes that reading of system parameters, clock initialization, display initialization and port initialization etc. Enter the cycle of the system control, then detect if there is a key pressed. If there is a key value input, system will operate the setting mode and control the state. If there is no key pressed, system will operate as the last setting mode. System initialization sets as manual mode and stop state. The flow diagram of system operation as shown in Figure 3.2) The control process of automatic operation modeAutomatic operation mode is divided into eight steps. We can set the number n of automatic operation mode in safe range, they are corresponded to the limit angle of flipping-body, the time side lay and the time lie down. In automatic operation mode according to the parameters of automatic mode, slip chip microcomputer reads the current clock and automatically switches the operation in the eight steps. The figure of mode control process and state transition as shown in Figure 4. Figure 3. The flow chart of system operationView AllFigure 4. Steps decomposition of automatic control modeView AllThe number 18 represent the switching point of the eight state, the alphabet charm A - H represent the eight state in automatic mode. The eight states are lying delay, turn left, left side delay, turn left and put down, lying delay, turn right, right side delay and turn right and put down. The start time, sideways time and lying time can set arbitrarily in automatic mode.3) Set the system parameterThe setting of system parameter includes the limited angle setting in manual mode and the holding time and the limited angle setting in automatic mode. In addition, we can calibrate the bed board to ensure the precision control of angle. System set the password to protect the system parameters not to be changed illegally. Only the authorized personnel can start the control system. Also system has the level calibration function to ensure the bed body be installed in a certain angle above ground.We use Keil Cx51 to write the program which compiles at uVision 4.0. Then it can be downloaded to single chip microcomputer to operate reliably4.SECTION IV.System functionsA. Manual modeWe can realize the functions that getting up, turning the body to left, turning the body to right, raising legs, or getting up with raising legs by the remote controller or keyboard in the manual mode.B. Automatic modeAutomatic mode has many flipping-body modes such as mode 1, mode 2 etc. In each kind of mode, the start time of flipping body, the angle of flipping body, the sideways time and the lying time can set arbitrarily. System has a memory function that can store the model parameters in system, these parameters will not lose when power down. System operation parameters such as the angle of flipping-body, the mode of operation, the time of operation etc are shown in LCD display screen. It is easy to understand the current state of the nursing bed.SECTION V.ConclusionThe automatic flipping-body nursing bed can be widely used in hospitals, rehabilitation centers and families etc. It reduces the work strength of the nursing staff and improve the patients ability to take care of themselves that avoids the occurrence of bedsore of the long-term bedridden patients. The nursing bed is not only applicable to the patients who can not take care of themselves, but also applicable to the healthy people. Setting the mode as the automatic mode, system can flip body automatically according to the relevant parameters. This eases the users fatigue and has a certain health care function. After the long time testing, the each function can be reliably realized and can satisfy the practical application requirements.自动翻转体护理床的设计Author(s)Fengfa Lang ; Yinjie Cao ; Hui Huang ; Yan Wang ; Pengpeng Yu ; Xinghai Xie 摘 要通过将床板的各部分与铰链连接起来，可以使床罩独立上下，从而使身体左右转动、抬起腿的功能得以重新发挥。化了。其中一个功能不影响其他功能。以单片机为控制系统核心，采集上下数据，将车身左转右转，角度为抬起腿，以电动推车为动力，手动控制这些功能。结合时钟定时和状态切换，我们可以定制从而解决了护理床的自动控制问题。Published in: 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC) Date of Conference: 8-10 Aug. 2011 Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 06 September 2011 ISBN Information: INSPEC Accession Number: 12259492 DOI: 10.1109/AIMSEC.2011.6010593 Publisher: IEEE Conference Location: Dengleng, China Advertisement第一章 绪论根据中国官方数据，我国退休人员从 2004年的 4820万人增加到 2010年的7000万人。在我国，60 岁以上的老年人人数它是 1.43亿，占全球老年人人口的 1/5。我们必须密切关注老年人和人民无法独立生活的护理问题。在这个吊唁中在此基础上，国内外的人们开发了许多专门的床，供患者起床和翻身。这些专用床能满足一定的护理需要，但结构复杂、麻烦。操作，功能不完善，价格昂贵。这很难满足综合医院和家庭的需要。因此，我们开发了结构简单的新型护理床，康文。使用方便，成本低。它更适用于医院和家庭。病人可以通过遥控器或键盘自己站起来、翻身或抬起腿。或者我们设置模式作为翻转身体，那么它就可以在没有护理人员的情况下翻转身体。根据病人的需要，在我们的手动模式下，床可以使身体站起来并抬起腿。同时床能满足大多数病人的需要，大大降低了护理人员的工作强度，提高了病人的自理能力，避免了床上疾病的发生。长期卧床不起的病人。1第二章 床身设计床由 12块床板组成，以实现起床、身体左转或右转、抬起腿的功能。床罩结构图如图 1所示。图 1. 自动翻转体护理床的结构图床板 1，2，3 用于起床，床板 1，2，4，5，7，8，10，11 用于身体左转，床板 2，3，5，6，8，9，11，12 用于功能 of将身体向右转，床板7，8，9，10，11，12 用于抬起腿的功能。由于站立和翻转身体的角度很大，所以我们设置了一个抑制装置，以防发生爆炸。当病人起床或翻身时，木板会被翻倒。在 2号板下有两个角度传感器用于翻转物体，两个换能器安装在垂直方向，t。嘿，也是垂直的，长的一边的床。三个倾角传感器与床身长边平行安装，用于收集起床、翻转身体和 r的角度。翘腿。由四台独立的电动推车驱动起来，身体向左，身体向右和抬起腿的功能。根据不同的角度对每一部分，我们选择不同的电动推杆。电动推杆和床板的各部分用 L型旋转轴连成一层。2第三章 控制系统设计A. 硬件系统基于滑片微机的硬件系统，其输入端有 8路 44键盘、3 路 AID、时钟和遥控接收输入，输出端有 4路照片。电气隔离继电器、2 路正极、负极电源开关及液晶显示器等。系统结构图如图 2所示。图 2. 护理床硬件结构图采用 STC5628AD型单片机，具有 8路 A/D开关和 28 Kb FLASHROM。FLASHROM 可用于应用程序，也可视为用于存储 sys的 EEPROM。阀杆设定参数采用 A/D三路输入角度继电器的模拟信号。倾角信号 0V5V对应于9090。 A/D的其他道路正在使用。d 作为普通输入/输出端口。键盘的识别使用行扫描方法。遥控器接收 4位编码，对应于遥控器的 16个按钮。时钟日历芯片采用 DS 1320实现时钟日历，并为自动模式提供定时。使用 12864液晶显示屏与工作库存，以显示当前的运行状态。它是没有控制翻转身体和设置系统。由四路光电隔离继电器的输出控制驱动推杆。在硬件方面，我们使用光电隔离和非晶闸管。消除由电动推车的感性负载所产生的控制电路的干扰。角度传感器的电平标定由系统完成。3B. 软件系统1) 系统运行过程软件系统主要完成系统初始化、手动模式控制、自动模式控制和系统设置等功能。系统初始化包括系统 p的读取。阵列，时钟初始化，显示初始化和端口初始化等。输入系统控件的周期，然后检测是否有按下的键。如果有键值输入，则系统将操作设置模式并控制状态。如果没有按下键，系统将作为最后的设置模式运行。系统初始化设置为手动模式和停止状态。流图如图 3所示。图 3. 系统运行流程图2) 自动运行方式的控制过程自动操作模式分为八个步骤。我们可以在安全范围内设定自动操作模式的数 n，它们对应于翻转体的极限角，时间边是一个。时间到了。在自动工作模式下，根据自动模式的参数，滑片微机读取电流时钟，并在八秒内自动切换操作。TEPs。模式控制过程和状态转换图，如图 4所示。图 4.自动控制方式的步骤分解数字 1-8代表八种状态的开关点，字母表魅力 A-H代表自动模式下的八种状态。这八个州是卧倒延迟，左转，左延迟，图。右转，右转。启动时间、侧倾时间和倒卧时间可以在自动模式下任意设定。3) 设置系统参数系统参数的设置包括手动模式下的有限角度设置和自动模式下的保持时间和有限角度设置。此外，我们还可以校准床板确保角度的精确控制。系统设置密码以保护系统参数不被非法更改。只有经授权的人员才能启动控制系统。也有水平校准功能，以确保床身安装在一定角度以上的地面。我们用 KilCx 51编写了在 uVision 4.0上编译的程序。然后，它可以下载到单片机上，以可靠地运行4。第四章 系统功能A. 手控式，人工式我们可以通过手动模式中的遥控器或键盘实现起床、身体向左转、身体向右转、抬起腿或通过遥控器或键盘抬起腿的功能。医屈光正常； 正视眼； 眼； 实验者； 能量B. 自动化模式（工作），自动化方法自动模式有多种翻转模式，如模式 1、模式 2等.在各种模式下，翻转体的起始时间、翻转体的角度、侧倾时间和仰卧时间都是可以设定的。任意。系统具有存储功能，可以将模型参数存储在系统中，这些参数在停电时不会丢失。系统运行参数，如翻转角度在 LCD显示屏上显示操作方式、操作时间等。了解护理床的现状是很容易的。第五章 结论自动翻转体护理床可广泛应用于医院、康复中心、家庭等。减少了护理人员的工作强度，提高了病人的能力。照顾好自己，避免长期卧床病人褥疮的发生。护理床不仅适用于不能自理的病人，也适用于 ALS。不适用于健康人。将模式设置为自动模式，系统可根据相关参数自动翻转车身。这可以减轻用户的疲劳，并且具有一定的安全性。护理功能。经过长时间的测试，各项功能得到了可靠的实现，满足了实际应用的需要。
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