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Unit 12 Culture Shock(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1soccer n_(英式)足球2flashlight n. 手电筒3handkerchief n. 手帕，纸巾4canteen n. 食堂，餐厅5appetite n. 食欲，胃口6yummy adj. 美味的7erupt vi. 爆发，喷发8parcel n. 邮包，包裹 9literature n. 文学10welloff adj. 富有的.重点单词写其形1absorb_ vt. 理解，掌握；吸收2bear_ vt. 携带；容忍3familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的4indicate_ vt. 表明；表示5brief_ adj. 短暂的，简短的6exchange vt. 兑换，交换7request n. 请求8attach vt. 喜欢，依恋；系，固定9owe vt. 欠(情、债等)10modest adj. 谦虚的；适度的11export vt. 出口，输出12custom_ n. 习俗，风俗13manners_ n纵联1 礼貌14stare vi. 凝视，盯着看15splendid adj. 极佳的，非常好的；壮观的16outgoing adj. 友好的，乐于交友的17tasty adj. 美味的18spoken adj. 口头的19reasonable adj.纵联2 合理的，正当的20cautious adj.纵联3 小心翼翼的，谨慎的.拓展单词通其变1addition n相加；增加物additional adj.补充的，额外的，附加的add v补充2apology n道歉，认错apologize v道歉，谢罪3expectation n期待的事物，预期expect vt.期待，预料；指望expected adj.预期的，预料的4majority n大半，大多数major adj.主要的 vi.主修5movement n动作；活动move v移动；感动movable adj.可移动的moving adj.令人感动的6curiously adv.好奇地；奇怪地curious adj.好奇的curiosity n好奇心7informal adj.非正式的formal adj.正式的8injure vt.伤害injury n伤害，损害injured adj.受伤的9educator n教育者education n教育educated adj.有教养的educate vt.教育10arrival n到达，抵达arrive vi.到达纵联1.单复数含义不同的名词 纵联2.“able”后缀形容词荟萃reliable可信赖的；可靠的 adjustable可调节的fashionable时尚的；时髦的 reasonable合理的adaptable适合的；能适应的 reasonable合理的，正当的sociable随和的，好交际的 acceptable可接受的纵联3.归纳“ious”结尾的形容词harmonious和谐的 anxious焦虑的religious宗教的 various各种各样的cautious谨慎的单元话题文化影响子话题1种种文化local culture 本土文化cultural treasures 文化宝藏humane historical relics 人文历史遗址value of knowledge 知识的价值crosscultural munication 跨文化交流spiritual civilization 精神文明cultural devolution 文化退化cultural insights 文化视角intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产子话题2四大发明gunpower火药 pass指南针papermaking technique 造纸术paperprinting technique 印刷术子话题3教育部门graduate school 研究生院kindergarten 幼儿园Confucius Institute 孔子学院secondary education 中等教育adult education 成人教育open admission 免试入学制universal education 普及教育学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2014浙江高考阅读B)The Swiss tend to be and address each other last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be careful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守时) is vital, something that es from a deep respect for others time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe.处应填介词：by写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：cautious写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：arrival2(2012新课标全国卷阅读B)Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches.处应填介词：to写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：tasty写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：stare3(2011江苏高考任务型阅读)Leaders who apologize publicly could be an easy target. They are expected to appear strong and capable. And whenever they make public statements of any kind, their individual and institutional reputations are in danger. Clearly, then, leaders should not apologize often or lightly. For a leader to express apology, there needs to be a good, strong reason.写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：apology写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：expectation写出加黑词在本单元的形容词：reasonable高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)遵守当地风俗是有礼貌的表现。一般来说，你应该准时到达。(custom, arrival)It_is_polite_for_you_to_obey_the_local_custom._Generally_speaking,_your_arrival_should_be_on_time.2(2018浙江高考书面表达)我学习英语已经10年了，我能说一口流利的英语，并且我性格外向、乐于与他人交流。(spoken, outgoing)Ive_learned_English_for_10_years,_and_my_spoken_English_is_fluent._What_is_more,_Im_outgoing_and_ready_to_municate_with_others.3(2017全国卷书面表达)在这个展览中，你能看到各种形式的极美的剪纸。除此之外，还有著名的艺术家当场展示如何剪纸。(splendid, addition)In_this_exhibition,_you_can_see_splendid_papercutting_with_all_kinds_of_patterns._In_addition,_there_are_famous_artists_who_will_perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot. (二)课堂重点释疑1owe vt.欠(情、债等)；归功于记牢owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物owe . to . 把归功于；归因于owing to 因为；由于owe it to sb. that . 多亏了某人练通单句语法填空These early settlers owed their survival_to hard work and determination to succeed.I owe it to you that I finished my work ahead of time.Owing to the bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.句型转换The country owes foreign countries billions of dollars because of the financial crisis.The country owes billions of dollars to foreign countries because of the financial crisis.用准 如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。写美(2018江苏高考书面表达)我们把排名的提高归功于产品和服务上。We_owe_it_to_the_products_or_services_that_good_ratings_increase.2absorb vt.吸收；理解；使专心；使全神贯注；掌握记牢(1)absorb sb.s attention to (doing) sth.吸引某人对(做)某事的注意力absorb . into . 把吸收到/并入(2)be absorbed by/into . 被吞并；为所吸收be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神贯注于/热衷于/一心从事某事练通单句语法填空Certain chemicals are easily absorbed into the bloodstream, while others are not.Absorbed (absorb) in painting, Mary didnt notice evening approaching.Most little shops have been absorbed by/into big businesses.完成句子He was_absorbed_in_the books after borrowing them from a bookshop.从书店借来书之后，他便沉浸在这些书中。The first Chinese woman astronaut Liu Yang absorbed_the_whole_worlds_attention.第一位中国女宇航员刘洋吸引了全世界的注意力。写美(2015福建高考书面表达)一缕光线从墙上的一个小孔穿过，他(借助灯光)全神贯注地读书。A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.联想 (1)表示“吸引某人注意(力)”的短语还有：draw/attract ones attentioncatch ones attention/eyes(2)表示“专心于”的短语还有：be lost/buried inbe devoted to3familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的记牢sb.be familiar with sth.某人对某物熟悉sth.be familiar to sb.sth.be known to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉练通单句语法填空/完成句子Ive just e here. Im still not familiar with the work.This old song is familiar to those Chinese people who lived in the 1960s.I was_so_familiar_with_him that I recognized his voice instantly I picked up the phone.我对他是如此的熟悉以至于我一拿起电话就听出了他的声音。用准be familiar with主语一般是有生命的人，意为“某人对人/事熟悉”be familiar to主语一般是无生命的事物，意为“某事为某人所熟悉”写美(2018北京高考书面表达)你最好提前学习基础汉语。只有用这种方式，你才能熟悉北京的生活。Youd_better_learn_some_basic_Chinese_ahead_of_time._Only_in_this_way_can_you_get_familiar_with_the_life_in_Beijing.4attach vt.系，固定；附上，贴上；喜欢，依恋记牢(1)attach . to .把固定到/附/贴在上attach importance/significance/value to 认为重要/有意义/有价值attach oneself to sb. 与某人在一起；缠着某人(2)attached adj. 依恋的；附加的(be) attached to 附属于；依恋练通单句语法填空It is high time that the country should attach importance to energy saving and environment protection.A young man attached himself (he) to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him.Father asked me to attach a stamp to the envelope and mail it.完成句子Attach_a_recent_photo_to_your application form.请在申请表上贴一张近照。Dont attach_too_much_importance_to this report.不要过于看重这份报告。The research unit is_attached_to_the university.这个研究机构附属于这所大学。写美(2017天津高考书面表达)为了成为第十三届全运会的志愿者，我提前做了很多我认为重要的准备。To_get_admitted_as_a_volunteer_for_the_13th_National_Games,_I_have_made_many_preparations_I_attach_importance_to_in_advance.5request n& vt.请求，要求记牢(1)make a request for .请求，要求at sb.s requestat the request of sb.应某人的要求(2)request sb.(not) to do sth. 请求某人(不)做某事request sth.from/of sb. 向某人请求某物request (that) . 请求It is/was requested that . 据要求练通单句语法填空At_the request of mayor, he made a speech on the square.You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks.The Police mittee requested a grant from the Government to cover the extra expense.一句多译老板要求我们不要在办公室里吸烟。The_boss_requested_us_not_to_smoke_in_the_office.(request sb. not to do)The_boss_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office. (request that)It_was_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office.(It is/was requested that)用准在与request相关的名词性从句或“It is/was requested that .”句型中，从句谓语动词用“shoulddo”表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。写美(2018全国卷书面表达)要求两个队每天训练两个小时并且定期参加比赛。It_is_requested_that_both_teams_train_for_two_hours_a_day_and_participate_in_petitions_regularly.6exchange vt.兑换，交换 n兑换，交换记牢(1)exchange sth.for sth.以某物交换某物exchange sth.with sb. 与某人交换某物(2)make an exchange 交换in exchange for sth. 交换某物练通单句语法填空I will make the best of the opportunity to exchange ideas with them.I am going to travel abroad, so I go to exchange some RMB for dollars in the bank.Ill type your report if youll babysit to make an exchange.一句多译他用一个苹果换我一块蛋糕。He gave me an apple in_exchange_for a piece of cake.He exchanged_an_apple_with_me_for a piece of cake.写美(2014天津高考书面表达)得知你下学期作为一名交流生来我们学校我非常高兴。Im_very_happy_to_learn_that_you_will_e_to_our_school_next_term_as_an_exchange_student._7majority n大半，大多数记牢(1)a/the majority of的大多数in a/the majority 占大多数by/with a majority of 以多数票(2)minority n. 少数in the minority 占少数(3)“a/the majority of名词”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。练通单句语法填空At present, in the teaching profession, women are in a/the majority.The majority is/are (be) in favour of the proposal that we should save water in our daily life.The majority of astronauts from America have_been (be)men in the last few years. 完成句子The white are_in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而原住民反而占少数。The_majority_of_the_damage is easy to repair.大部分的损失很容易补救。写美(2016四川高考书面表达)正像我一样，大部分人认为夏天比其他三个季节有趣。Just_like_me,_the_majority_think_summer_is_certainly_more_interesting_than_the_other_three_seasons.8bear vi.& vt.(bore, borne/born)容忍，忍受；承担(责任)；支撑；承受；生育；出生；结(果实)；携带辨清写出下列句中bear的含义I cant bear sharing the same room with him.容忍，忍受John was bitten by a dog, and he bears the scars to this day. 携带I think the ice on the lake is too thin to bear your weight. 支撑She has borne a son and two daughters. 生育Why do I have to bear all the costs of repair？ 承担记牢bear the blame/responsibility受责备/承担责任cant bear doing/to do sth. 不能忍受做某事bear sb./sb.s doing sth. 忍受某人做某事bear sth.in mind 牢记某事bear (it) in mind that . 牢记练通单句语法填空We have no vacancies now, but well certainly bear your application in mind.He couldnt bear being/to_be_made (make) fun of like that before the whole class.完成句子You shouldnt have to bear_the_blame_for other peoples mistakes.你不应该非得代人受过。We must bear_it_in_mind_that wasting time is equal to wasting our life.我们必须牢记浪费时间等于浪费生命。用准 (1)bear意为“忍耐，忍受”时，通常与can, could连用，用于疑问句或否定句中。(2)bear的过去式为bore，过去分词是borne和born，表示“出生/自”时，用born，并且仅用于被动语态；表示“生育”时用borne。写美(2016全国卷书面表达)请记着我们8：30在学校外会面。Please_bear_it_in_mind_that_well_meet_at_8：30_outside_the_school_gate.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1It seems reasonable (合理的) to expect rapid urban growth.2Adler was an outgoing (外向的), sociable kind of man.3He had always been modest (谦虚的) and remained so after he had bee famous.4Its traditional for the two teams to exchange (交换) shirts after the game.5The research indicates (表明) that eating habits is changing fast.6We depend on the sea to produce most of our planets oxygen and absorb (吸收) carbon dioxide.7I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar (熟悉的) faces among the audience.8The old lady cant bear (容忍) the fatigue of a long journey.9A guide gave a brief (简短的) introduction about the history of the site.10Im writing to make a request (请求) for a valuable chance to be one of the host families for the British students.单句语法填空1It is reported that the majority of the young, with their parents working in distant cities, have_been_suffering (suffer) from a sense of loneliness for years. 2He owes his good health to plenty of exercise and a regular life.3I am intended to look for a creative job, because I cant bear doing (do) the same thing day by day.4It is requested that each of the teachers invited (should)_give (give) a performance at the party. 5Curiously (curious) enough, that very same thought occurred to me when I heard about the incident.6Educators (educate) are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the poor students.7What is being pulled down is the only theme park that is familiar to children.8With the development of science and technology, the surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.单句改错1Dont respond to any emails requested personal information, no matter how official they look.requestedrequesting2Since Beijing is familiar with me, I can show visitors around the places of interest in Beijing.withto3When deeply absorbing in work, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.absorbingabsorbed4In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads the majority of auto accidents is caused by human error and fewer traffic jams.isare5I owed to you that I made such rapid progress in my spoken English.owed后加it.完成句子1This kind of cancer is_attached_to_smoking_and_drinking (与吸烟、喝酒有联系)2Owing_to_my_poor_English (由于我的英语不好), I have difficulty in expressing myself in English.3I_couldnt_bear_to_listen/listening_any_longer (我实在听不下去了), so I left the room.4I have decided to wash the dishes for three months_in_exchange_for_the_money (换取钱) Ill pay for my new bike.5People who can speak English are in_the_majority (占多数) in this country. (一)课前自主学习1get_used_to习惯于2give_._a_lift 让搭车，搭便车3see_.off 给(某人)送行4belong_to 属于5insist_on 串记1 坚持，坚决要求6stare_at 串记2 盯着看；凝视7be_attached_to 附属于8sound_like 听起来像9in_poor_condition 状况不好10be_sensitive_to 对敏感11at_least 至少12contrary_to 与相反13put/bring_an_end_to 结束14loads_of 许多，大量 同根短语串记串记1.“动词on”短语荟萃depend on依靠；依赖 insist on坚持put on穿上 feed on以为生take on承担 carry on继续；进行concentrate on集中 try on试穿串记2.聚焦“看”相关短语look around环顾；四下查看 glare at怒视look down 俯视；向下看 stare at盯着看；凝视look up仰望；抬头往上看 look at查看look through穿过看 glance up抬头一看1owe you an apology该向你道歉2wander through the fields 漫步田野间3take sport very seriously 很重视运动4have_a_good appetite 胃口很好5a word of advice 一点建议6risk getting sick 冒生病的危险7afford to visit me 抽出时间来看我8have a similar experience 有一次相似的经历9such a mix of different cultures这样一种不同文化的混合体1Id rather stay cosy and read my novel.我宁可舒服地待着，看看小说。2Would you mind giving me and my schoolmate a lift to school?你能让我和我的同学搭上你的车去上学吗？3Decide where to go on holiday with a friend.定好和朋友到哪儿去度假。4When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things.刚到旧金山的时候，有段时间我感到很难理解某些美国人的处事方式。5I had a similar experience the last time I visited China.上次我到中国参观时也有同样的经历。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块与句式1(2018全国卷阅读七选五)There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇) loads_of2(2015湖北高考阅读D)Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible (隐形的) cloud around your head.You can end up with what astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇) put_an_end_to高考采撷(二)写作中的词块与句式(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)1(2016全国卷书面表达)我仍然记着上次你来我们学校的时候给我展示了关于环保的照片。(the last time引导时间状语从句)I_remember_you_showed_me_some_photos_on_environmental_protection_the_last_time_you_visited_our_school.2(2014重庆高考书面表达)我很珍惜这本书，因为它告诉我如何用一种积极的方式保持平衡的友谊。(疑问词to do)I_value_this_book_because_it_tells_me_how_to_keep_the_balance_of_friendship_in_a_positive_way.(二)课堂重点释疑 短语集释1see . off 给(某人)送行记牢see through .看透，识破；把做完see to sb./sth. 照料；注意；处理see to it that . 确保/保证练通单句语法填空John is leaving for London tomorrow and Ill see him off at the airport.Can you see to it that the fax goes this afternoon?完成句子Im so glad youve e here to_see_to_the_matter in person.我很高兴你能亲自来处理这件事情。You were very clever_to_see_through_him. He had deceived the rest of us.你能看穿他真是聪明。他把我们其余的人都蒙蔽了。写美(2013江西高考书面表达)上午八点，我们在学校门口集合，校长给我们送行，然后我们情绪高涨朝着大青山出发。At_8_am,_we_gathered_at_the_gate_of_the_school._The_headmaster_saw_us_off_and_then_we_set_out_for_Daqing_Mountain._2get used to习惯于记牢(1)be/bee/grow/get used to (doing) sth.be/bee/grow/get accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(2)be used to do sth. 被用来做某事(3)used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(暗示现在已经不做了)练通完成句子He gets_used_to_getting_up_early and he can enjoy the fresh air in the morning.他习惯早起来呼吸早上新鲜的空气。Smartphones are_used_to_do many things for people now.现在手机被用来为人们做很多事情。We used_to_sit in the yard every evening, listening to stories told by my grandpa.过去我们常常每天晚上坐在院子里，听爷爷讲故事。 When he was young, he used_to go there on foot. Now he has got_used_to going there by bike, though his bike is_used_to pick up his grandson sometimes.他年轻的时候常步行去那里。现在他习惯于骑自行车去那里，虽然有时候他的自行车被用来接孙子。写美(2012四川高考书面表达)我习惯了在同学的帮助下背单词。我真的希望你能给我一些如何记忆新单词的建议。I_am_used_to_learning_words_by_heart_with_the_help_of_classmates._I_really_hope_that_you_can_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_memorize_new_words.句式集释1the last time引导时间状语从句教材原句I had a similar experience the_last_time I visited China.悟拓展例句(1)The_last_time I saw him, he was in hospital.上次我见到他时，他住院了。(2)He left me a good impression the_first_time I met him.我第一次见到他时，他给我留下了好印象。(3)The_moment he got out of the airport, the famous pop star was surrounded by his fans.这位著名歌星一出飞机场，就被歌迷围了起来。(4)I came to see you instantly (instant) I heard the news.我一听到这个消息，就马上来看你了。析用法规则用法归纳the last time作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, the day, the week, the month, the year, each/every/next/any/last time, immediately, instantly, directly, by the time等。背写作佳句(1)(2015安徽高考满分作文)The first time I interviewed him, he looked a bit nervous.(要点句)(2)(2013湖南高考满分作文)The first time we lost the match, we all felt very depressed, because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it.(要点句)2“特殊疑问词不定式”结构教材原句Decide where_to_go_on_holiday with a friend.悟拓展例句(1)When and where to_discuss the issue hasnt been decided yet.何时何地讨论这个问题还没有确定。(2)Why not discover (discover) what you enjoy and do that?为什么不去发现你喜欢做的然后去做呢？(3)I dont know whether to_accept (accept) it or not.我不知道是否接受它。析用法规则用法归纳(1)在“疑问词不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。(2)why后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。(3)whether后可接不定式，而if不可以。注意事项“特殊疑问词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语、主语、表语等。背写作佳句(1)(2018全国卷满分作文)Speaking of table manners, I think it is important for you to know how to use chopsticks.(要点句)(2)(2015浙江高考满分作文)Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. I would love to go to a museum.(要点句)(3)The question many students are puzzled about is how to study English well.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空see . off， at least， be sensitive to， insist on， belong to，contrary to， give . a lift， get used to1Contrary_to my expectation, he won the speech petition.2I made everything perfectly clear or at_least I thought I did.3Dont be_sensitive_to what I said I wasnt criticizing you.4It was late at night, and there was no bus.Fortunately, a man driving a car gave me a_lift.5The young man insisted_on being sent to where he was most needed.6The fresh air belongs_equally_to us all; we should protect it from being polluted.7Before I studied psychology
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