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Unit 13 People(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1selfassessment n自我评估2lawyer n. 律师3physicist n. 物理学家4uniform n. 制服5chain n. 链条；一连串的事物6athletic adj. 喜爱运动的7harvest n. 收获8airline n. 航空公司，航空线9assistant n. 助手，助理10academic adj. 学术的.重点单词写其形1weakness n. 弱点，缺陷2accuse vt. 控告，谴责3possibility n. 可能性4confirm v. 证实5desire n. 渴望，欲望6account n. (银行)账户7deserve vt. 纵联1 应得，值得8gifted adj. 有天赋的9satisfaction n. 满意，满足10previous_ adj. 以前的，过去的11gain vt. 纵联2 获得；增加12positive adj. 积极的13upset adj. 纵联3 不安的，不快的14guilty adj. 不安的；有罪的15parttime adv. 部分时间地16disability n. 纵联4 残疾；无能力17fault_n. 错误；缺点18requirement n. 纵联5 要求19grateful adj. 感谢的，感激的.拓展单词通其变1strength n长处，优势strengthen v增强strong adj.强壮的2concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)concentration n专心，专注3associate vt.联想，联系association n联想；协会4expression n表情；词语；感情express vt.表达，表示n.快递5accurately adv.精确地，准确地accurate adj.精确的，准确的accuracy n精确6description n描述，形容describe v描写，描述describer n描述者7predict vt.预言，预测prediction n预测，预告predictor n预言家8independent adj.独立的independence n独立depend vi.依赖，依靠9relief n减轻，宽慰relieve v使安慰，缓解10anxiety n忧虑，担心anxious adj.忧虑的；焦急的anxiously adv.忧虑地11judge vt.评判 n法官judgement n判断；判断力12devote vt.专心致志于，献身于devotion n奉献devoted adj.献身的，忠诚的纵联1.“词中词”法帮你记servedeserve值得 antdistant遥远的havebehave表现 armharm伤害plainexplain解释 starstarve挨饿endtend趋向纵联2.“获得”动词集锦gain winacquire obtainearn getachieve fulfill纵联3.不要“不安或烦恼”bother disturbtrouble annoyirritate upsetuneasy nervous纵联4.识记含“dis”否定前缀的单词dislike v不喜欢；厌恶 disagree v不同意disappear v消失 disadvantage n不利条件；弱点disbelieve v不信；怀疑 disobey v不服从；违抗disability n残疾纵联5.盘点含后缀“ment”的名词movement运动 development发展improvement改善 equipment设备arrangement安排 requirement要求establishment建立 management管理agreement协议单元话题个人情况及与人相处子话题1优秀品质considerate adj.体贴的 respectful adj.恭敬的enthusiastic adj.热情的 merciful adj.仁慈的modest adj.谦虚的 reliable adj.可信赖的patient adj.有耐心的子话题2和谐相处harmony n和谐 harmonious adj.和谐的friendly adj.友好的 cooperate vi.合作admirable adj.值得赞赏的 consult vt.请教；商量acpany vt.陪同 congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n祝贺 promote vt.促进；提升子话题3争执与冲突conflict n冲突 friction n冲突，不和prejudice n偏见 tension n. 紧张气氛abandon vt.舍弃 abuse vt.辱骂condemn vt.指责 embarrass vt.使尴尬学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2017北京高考阅读D)So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The (possible) of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of puter scientists.写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：disability用所给词的适当形式填空：possibility写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：集中(注意力)2(2009浙江高考任务型阅读)You cant be everything to everybody. Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses. To be effective, you need to identify your strengths and concentrate them. Youll bee more successful if you are able to channel your efforts to areas that you do best. In business, for example, if you know you are good at marketing, then give it full play. Seek help or assistance in areas that you may be poor at, such as accounting or bookkeeping.To turn your weakness into strength, consider taking handson learning or training.写出加黑词块在此处的汉语意思：优势和劣势处应填介词：on写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：assistant写出加黑词在本单元的名词形式：account高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2016全国卷书面表达)这个暑假我打算在外企做份兼职工作，通过做兼职工作，我想拓宽一下我的视野、获得一些工作经验并结识一些新朋友。(parttime, gain)This_summer_vacation_I_intend_to_take_up_a_parttime_job_in_a_foreign_pany,_through_which_I_would_like_to_broaden_my_horizons,_gain_some_working_experience_and_meet_some_new_friends.2(2015陕西高考书面表达)我保证我一定不会辜负你们的期望。如果你们能好好考虑一下(我的申请)的话，我将不胜感激。(grateful)I_am_sure_that_I_can_perfectly_live_up_to_your_expectations._I_will_be_grateful_if_you_could_give_me_a_kind_consideration. (二)课堂重点释疑1concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)记牢(1)concentrate on (doing) sth.聚精会神于(做)某事concentrate ones attention/energy . on/upon (doing) .集中某人的注意力/精力于(做)(2)concentration n. 专心，集中(3)concentrated adj. 集中的，全神贯注的练通单句语法填空We must concentrate our energies on treating (treat) addiction first.Whats more, I find out that I still have some bad learning habits as well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer the problem by spending more efforts on concentration (concentrate) practice.He made a concentrated (concentrate) effort to finish the work on time.一句多译他将注意力全部集中在技术问题上。He_concentrated_his_attention_on_the_question_of_technology.(concentrate)He_fixed/focused_his_attention_on_the_question_of_technology.(fix/focus)He_put_his_heart_into_the_question_of_technology.(put ones heart into)写美(2018浙江高考书面表达)如果一名志愿者不能集中精力，她就无法胜任这份工作。If_a_volunteer_is_unable_to_concentrate_her_energy,_she_will_be_unable_to_be_fit_for_the_position.联想表示“专注于；专心于”的短语还有：fix onfocus onput ones heart into be buried inabandon oneself to be lost inbe devoted to be absorbed in 2deserve vt.应得，值得记牢deserve consideration/attention/respect值得考虑/关注/尊敬deserve to do sth. 应该做某事deserve doing/to be done 值得做练通完成句子With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation_deserves_attention.随着许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得关注。They had some excellent players, so they certainly deserved_to_win that match.他们有一些优秀的队员，所以他们理所当然地赢得了那场比赛。句型转换It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respect.It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting.It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve to be respected.用准deserve不用于进行时态，且deserve doing相当于deserve to be done，此时动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似的单词还有need, want, require等。写美(2013广东高考书面表达)不管是多么平凡的工作，它在社会中都起着一定的作用，因此值得我们应有的尊敬。No_matter_how_ordinary_a_job_is,_it_plays_a_part_in_society_and_therefore_deserves_our_due_respect.3associate vt.联想，联系记牢(1)associate .with .使与联系起来associate with sb. 与某人交往/共事be associated with 与有关(2)association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；社团in association with 与联合；与有关联练通单句语法填空There has always been a close association (associate) between the two schools.Mother warned the boys not to associate with bad panions.The exhibition was organized by the school in association with local artists.In the childrens minds summer is associated (associate) with picnics.一句多译有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。There are many serious health problems which_are_associated_with_smoking.(使用定语从句)There are many serious health problems associated_with_smoking.(使用分词作定语)There are many serious health problems in_association_with_smoking.(使用介词短语作定语)写美(2018天津高考书面表达)这是将你的才能与实践联系起来的一次好机会。Its_a_good_opportunity_to_associate_your_talent_with_the_practice.联想“与有关”的其他表达还有：be related tohave something to do withbe in connection with be connected with4accuse vt.控告，指控，谴责记牢(1)accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指责/控告某人(做)某事(2)the accused 被告辨析accuse, charge动词含义搭配accuse当面指责或指控accuse sb.of .charge因犯较大错误或重大罪行而正式起诉charge sb.with .练通选词填空/单句语法填空The neighbour who was once charged with attempted murder accused me of playing my radio too loudly.(charge/accuse)I dont think its fair to accuse me of having (have) an attitude problem.The accused (accuse) was declared to be innocent by the court.He charged the minister with lying about the economy.句式升级Tom was accused of cheating in the exam and he was in low spirits.(用过去分词短语作状语)Accused_of_cheating_in_the_exam,_Tom_was_in_low_spirits.写美(2013福建高考书面表达)父母常被指责为孩子安排好一切，并不遗余力地为孩子的成功铺好道路。Parents_are_often_accused_of_arranging_everything_for_their_children_and_sparing_no_effort_to_pave_the_way_for_their_success.5desire n渴望，欲望v.期望，渴望记牢(1)a desire for sth.对的渴望a desire to do sth. 做某事的渴望/愿望a desire that . 的愿望(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire that . 希望练通单句语法填空(2015湖南高考)I had a strong desire to_reach (reach) in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window.He desired that I (should)_go (go) abroad for further education.Those foreigners desire to_visit (visit) the Great Wall.He has a strong desire for success though he has failed many times. 一句多译我们班的每个学生都渴望上名牌大学。Each student in our class has_a_strong_desire_to_go_to_a_famous_university.(desire n)Each student in our class has_a_strong_desire_for_a_famous_university.(desire n)Each student in our class desires_to_go_to_a_famous_university.(desire v)用准desire后无论是跟宾语从句还是跟同位语从句，都应该用虚拟语气，其形式是“(should)动词原形”。写美(2013重庆高考书面表达)我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金，也提供一些实用的建议。Its_our_desire_that_you_should_provide_some_money_to_fund_our_program,_as_well_as_offer_us_some_practical_suggestions.6relief n宽慰，轻松；解脱；减轻，消除；缓和记牢(1)to ones relief 令人感到欣慰的是What a relief! 可松口气了！in relief 如释重负；松了口气(2)relieve v. 解除，减轻，缓和relieve sb.of 解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)练通单句语法填空Seeing the baby fall asleep, the young mother smiled in_relief.What a relief! It almost took us five years to pay back all the money we borrowed from the bank.The new secretary will relieve us of the paperwork.Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to relieve (relief) tension and stress.完成句子Much_to_his_relief,_his son found a job smoothly last month.令他感到非常宽慰的是，他的儿子上个月顺利地找到了工作。写美(2018天津高考书面表达)你在机器人竞赛(robotics petition)中获得过一等奖，如果你能加入我们的团队我们会感到很安心。You_have_won_the_first_prize_in_a_robotics_petition_and_it_will_be_a_relief_to_see_that_you_join_our_team.7account vt.认为是，视为n.解释，说明；账目；(银行)账户；描述，叙述辨清写出下列句中 account的含义I opened a bank account after I made 1,000 yuan by doing a parttime job during the summer vacation.账户Much to our surprise, the witnesss account of the traffic accident differed from the official version in several aspects. 描述，叙述In English law a person is accounted innocent until he/she is proved guilty.认为是，视为The accounts show that the business is beginning to improve.账目记牢(1)account for说明(原因等)；作出解释；占比例(2)on account of 由于，因为on no account 决不(放在句首时，句子要倒装)take .into accounttake account oftake .into consideration 考虑到练通单句语法填空How do you account for making so many mistakes in your homework?We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.完成句子Taking_his_age_into_account,_we shouldnt be so strict with him.考虑到他的年龄，我们不应该对他如此严格。On_no_account_can_you_give_up whatever happens.不管发生什么你决不能放弃。用准on no account表示“决不”，放在句首时，句子用部分倒装，类似的表示“决不”的短语还有：in no caseby no meansat no time in no wayon no condition under/in no circumstances写美(2014湖南高考书面表达)在我的新发明中我必须考虑一些特定的因素。There_are_some_certain_factors_I_must_take_into_account_on_my_new_invention._8devote vt.献身于，专心致志于记牢(1)devote oneself to (doing) sth.献身于/致力于(做)某事devote ones life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于/奉献于(做)某事(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚练通单句语法填空He has devoted most of his time and energy to finding (find) a cure for the disease.Li Lei is my devoted (devote) friend and he has devoted himself to improving (improve) the education of the local people.From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion (devote)句式升级The young lady is devoted to teaching the deaf children and has little time to care for her own daughter.Devoting_herself_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词作状语)Devoted_to_teaching_the_deaf_children,_the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词作状语)写美(2018全国卷书面表达)我经常在空闲的时候和我的同学们在学校体育馆打羽毛球。I_often_devote_my_free_time_to_playing_badminton_with_my_classmates_in_the_school_stadium.联想devote (oneself) to中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，类似的短语还有：look forward to (doing) sth. 盼望(做)某事be opposed/object to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事get down to (doing) sth. 开始着手(做)某事pay attention to (doing) sth. 注意(做)某事lead to (doing) sth. 导致(做)某事be/get used/accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事adapt/adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth. 适应(做)某事be addicted to (doing) sth. 对(做)某事上瘾9judge n裁判，法官vt.评判；判断；审判，判决记牢(1)judge .from/by .从来判断as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from 从上看；根据判断(3)judgement n. 判断力；评价练通单句语法填空He had entirely lost faith in his own judgement (judge) because of that fault.Judging (judge) from the book I have read, I think he is a very promising writer.Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you by/from what you wear.完成句子As_far_as_I_can_judge,_he can realize his dream of going to university.依我看来，他能实现上大学的梦想。Judging_by/from_the_expression_on_her_face,_she must have news of great excitement to tell us.从她脸上的神情看，她一定有令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。用准judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。写美(2018江苏高考书面表达)很明显，盲目听从别人的意见会影响我们自己的判断。Apparently,_blindly_following_others_advice_will_affect_our_own_judgement.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1(2018天津高考)The possibility (可能性) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.2Our facial expressions (表情) convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment. 3(2014浙江高考)No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can predict (预测) when the unexpected will happen.4I decided to apply my previous (以前的) experience to learning how to read and write.5To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths (长处，强项) and weaknesses (弱点，缺点)6Dont blame him for the accident; its not his fault (错误)7It is our hope that the two countries will live in peace forever(永远)8He feels quite guilty (有罪的) about being unable to take care of his sick father because of his busy work.9We still had a good harvest (收获) of wheat this year in spite of the heavy drought in spring.10Such a positive (积极的) attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.单句语法填空1I cannot make that decision for you; you will have to use your judgement (judge)2I always associate that song with my visit to Hawaii.3He had a strong desire to_carry (carry) out the discussion put forward at yesterdays meeting.4If you have enough evidence, you can accuse government officials of corruption.5I think the Birds Nest deserves to_be_visited/visiting (visit) again.6Some students are good at concentrating on what the teachers teach in class.7Devoted (devote) to the study of science, she had little time to take care of her children.8The heavy rain may have accounted for the absence of so many students this morning.9When his daughter came home at last, he was in relief.10Those who fail to meet these requirements (require) will not be admitted to the club.单句改错1Judged from the name, it is easy to guess that players can only join if they are fat.JudgedJudging2The teacher desired that all the homework was handed in before school was over.第一个wasbe3As a typist, the most important aspect of the job is to be able to type quickly and accurate.accurateaccurately4The teens accuse their parents with misleading them.withof5Neighbors devoted their spare time to help others rebuild.helphelping.完成句子1Judging_from_his_tone,_there is no doubt he is against the plan.从他的语气判断，他是反对这个计划的。2To_our_relief,_the disease didnt burst out as expected.令我们欣慰的是，这种疾病并没有像预计的那样爆发。3On_no_account_should_you_leave the baby alone in the house.你切不可将婴儿独自留在家中。4Playing puter games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate_on_our_studies.放学后玩电脑游戏能使我们放松，但是作为学生，我们必须集中精力学习。5We are working in_association_with_a_local_pany to raise money for the homeless.我们正在联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。(一)课前自主学习1e_up_with提出，想出2concentrate_on 集中于；专注于3talk_sb.into_doing_sth._ 说服某人做某事4draw_up 起草5end_up_ 结果为；以结束6on_the_other_hand 另一方面7in_terms_of 就某事来说；从某个角度上看8be_willing_to_do_sth. 愿意做某事9react_to 串记1 对作出反应10deal_with 处理，对付11glare_at 怒视12cant_help_doing_sth. 禁不住做某事13to_be_honest 串记2 说实话14be_devoted_to 奉献；致力于15pared_to 和比较起来16pick_up 捡起；接(人)；(无意间)学会； 好转17accuse_sb.of_sth. 串记3 控告某人做某事同根短语串记串记1.“动词to”短语荟萃turn to求助于；致力于 object to反对refer to谈到；涉及；参阅 point to指向belong to属于 stick to坚持；忠于see to处理；料理 e to共计；苏醒react to对作出反应串记2.to短语作插入语to be honest说实话 to be frank坦白地说to begin with首先 to tell you the truth说实话to be brief简单地说 to be sure无疑；诚然串记3.“v.sb.ofsth.”短语大团圆accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事cure sb. of sth. 治好某人某病remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事cheat sb. of sth. 骗取某人某物convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事1for the first time 第一次2be full of anxiety 充满焦虑3do some revision 复习4sigh with relief 如释重负5get along well 相处融洽6take a break 休息一下7go camping 去野营8fail the exam 考试不及格9win the petition 赢得比赛10to some extent 在某种程度上1It_is_generally_believed_that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.人们普遍认为高情商的人善于接受新观念，对待生活持积极态度。2I really dislike_it_when he eats garlic for lunch.我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。3Perhaps the postcode was wrong, and thats_why the letter never arrived.可能邮政编码错了，那就是信一直未收到的原因。4I was getting more and more annoyed and of course, the_more upset I got, the_less I was able to concentrate.我变得越来越心烦，当然，我越是感到心烦我就越难集中精力。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块与句式1(2018全国卷阅读D)Weve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the unfortable silence.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)concentrated_on2(2018江苏高考阅读D)The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)react_to3(2016天津高考阅读D)Such startup fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)deal_with高考采撷(二)写作中的词块与句式(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)如果你已学会了用筷子，那么主人会喜欢。(it作形式宾语)The_host_will_like_it_if_you_have_learned_to_use_chopsticks._2(2017北京高考书面表达)那就是我认为长江之旅是较好选择的原因。(thats why)Thats_why_I_think_the_trip_along_the_Yangtze_River_will_be_a_better_choice.3(2013湖南高考书面表达)一方面，我们认为友谊第一，比赛第二；另一方面，因为我们都已经尽力了，所以我们不后悔。(on the other hand)On_the_one_hand,_we_think_that_friendship_es_first,_and_a_match_es_second._On_the_other_hand,_since_we_all_tried_our_best,_we_have_no_regret.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1talk sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事记牢(1)talk sb. into doing sth.persuade/argue sb. into doing sth.persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事talk sb. out of doing sth.persuade/argue sb. out of doing sth.persuade sb. not to do sth. 说服某人不做某事(2)talk of 谈到，说到talk about 谈论，议论练通单句语法填空Wang Lin talked his parents into sending (send) him to the famous middle school.I
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