2019-2020年高三英语二轮 备考抓分点透析专题9 状语从句.doc

2019-2020年高三英语二轮 备考抓分点透析专题9 状语从句【xx年高考预测】状语从句和名词性从句、定语从句一样是高考的高频考点。通过对近年高考题的分析，可以预测xx年对状语从句的考查仍将集中在对引导几大状语从句的连词的考查上。【重难点突破】【概述】状语从句是一种作状语用的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词或修饰全句，补充说明时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、程度、状态等。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。一、 九种状语从句及常见的引导词1、时间状语从句：when, while, as, before, after, since（自从以来）, till (until), as soon as(刚一马上就), once(一旦), whenever等。特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when（xx四川卷）6As it reported, it is 100 years _ Tsinghua University was founded【D】Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince2、地点状语从句：where和whereverWhere there is a will，there is a way.Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3、原因状语从句： because, as, since, now that特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that,（xx辽宁）29.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. 【C】Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif4、目的状语从句： so that（以便）, in order that（以便）等特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that（xx山东卷）28He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture【C】Aeven if Bif only Cin case Dso that5、结果状语从句： so that, sothat, suchthat特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.He raised his voice so that he was heard by his friend.6、条件状语从句： if, unless特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that（xx上海）39. our manage objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. 【B】A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After7、方式状语从句： as, as if/thoughWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us（xx湖南卷）33 Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever【A】Aas if Bin case Cwhile Dthough8、比较状语从句： asas, not so/as as, than等引导。在这种状语从句中如果谓语动词与主句一致时，或省略，或用替代词do, does, did特殊引导词：the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。（xx全国）26. I have seldom seen my mother _ pleased with my progress as she is now .【A】A. so B. very C. too D. rather9、让步状语从句： though, although, even if, even though, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who/what/which/when/where/how, whether特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He wont listen whatever you may say.（xx天津卷）5 regular exercise is very importantIts never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime【C】AIt BAs CAlthough DUnless二、状语从句中高考高频连词的用法归纳1、the moment/ minute/ second, immediately, directly，instantly，等副词式连词也可引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”，相当于as soon as, 此时前面不可再加连词，也不可加at, in, on等介词。2、every time, each time, by the time, soon after, shortly after等表示时间的短语也可作为连词使用，引导时间状语从句，此时前面也常不再加连词。3、hardly when和 no soonerthan的意义相当于as soon as, 也可引起时间状语从句，但只能用过去时，即从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句谓语动词用过去完成时。（xx福建）26 The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.【A】A. before B. until C. as D. since4、until 和not until:当主句中的动词是延续性动词时，常用：until, 表示主句的动作延续到从句表示的动作发生或完成为止。Jim stayed up until his mother came back last night.当主句中的动词是非延续性动词时，常用： notuntil, 表示“直到才”Jim didnt go to bed until his mother came back last night5、before 还常用于下列句型： It wont be before用不了（多长时间）就会It will bebefore得过（多长时间）才It wasnt before没过（多长时间）就It wasbefore过了（多长时间）才It wont be long before we meet again.6、so that 与 such that 之间的转换：so + adj./adv. + thatso + adj. + a/an + 单数名词+ thatSo + many much few little +n. + that such + a/an + adj. + 单数名词+ thatsuch + adj. + 复数名词或不可数名词+ thatHe is speaking so loud that I hear him even from here.It was such fine weather that they went out for a picnic.7、no matter +疑问词，（如：no matter what, no matter when, no matter where,）用来引导让步状语从句。疑问词+ever (如：whatever, whenever, whoever, whichever,)既可引导状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。（xx重庆卷）30To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off we are to shake hands with【C】Awhichever Bwhenever Cwhoever Dwherever（状语从句）Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主语从句）8、as引导让步状语从句，从句部分用倒装语序，句型为：形容词副词名词（不带冠词）动词（原形）+ as +主语+ 其他Late as though it was, he still studied on.=Although though it was late, he still studied on.三、状语从句中的省略当when, while, until, though, although, if等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或从句的主、谓语分别为it 和be动词时，从句中的主语及部分谓语（be动词或助动词）可省略。例如：When ( the museum is ) pleted , the museum will be open to the public next year . Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：Im taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行简化。状语从句的简化现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。状语从句的简化现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词+形容词As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。b.连词+名词While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。c.连词+现在分词As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。d.连词+过去分词He wont go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。e.连词+不定式He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。He wouldnt solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。f. 连词+介词短语She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=The meeting over, )（xx江苏卷）33It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine , wed better take it to the garage immediately【D】AOtherwise BIf not CBut for that DIf so使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。Well go outing if it doesnt rain tomorrow.Ill write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be ，就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”部分。When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.If (you are) asked you may e in.If (it is) necessary Ill explain to you again.3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句）Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）I dont know where he came from.（宾语从句）Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）【高考真题剖析】（xx江西卷）29Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to youAwhenever Bhowever Cwhichever Dwherever答案【A】考查状语从句。句中this afternoon指时间,所以 or _ it is convenient to you也指时间。故选择A。（xx辽宁卷）25No matter how , it is not necessarily lifelessAa desert may be dry Bdry a desert may beCmay a desert be dry Ddry may a desert be答案【D】考查状语从句。No matter how修饰形容词，并且从句倒装，所以选择D。（xx全国新课标卷）22Try she might, Sue couldnt get the door openAif Bwhen Csince Das答案【D】考查状语从句。As引导让步状语从句倒装，所以选择D。（xx福建卷）33It was April 29,xx Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremonyAthat Bwhen Csince Dbefore答案【B】考查状语从句。主句It was April 29,xx后是时间状语从句。所以选择B。【真题练习】（10福建）26 The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet herA. before B. untilC. as D. since答案：A（10上海）39. our manage objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After答案：B（10安徽）29. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if答案：C. 33. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _it bees availableA. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until答案：A. （10江西）22 Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter_ you enjoyed yourselves.A as long as B unless C as soon as D though答案：A（10全国）25. Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal .A. so that B. although C. while D. as if 答案：C30.The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story.A. or B. unless C. but D. whether 答案：B（10辽宁）29.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif答案：C（10辽宁）34.Its no use having ideas only . Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act.A. how B. who C. what D. where答案：A（10北京）30. they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once答案：D（xx天津卷）5 regular exercise is very importantIts never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime【C】AIt BAs CAlthough DUnless（xx江西卷）29Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you【A】Awhenever Bhowever Cwhichever Dwherever（xx四川卷）4Frank insisted that he was not asleep I had great difficulty in waking him up【B】Awhether Balthough Cfor Dso（xx北京卷）29 volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball【D】ASince BOnce CUnless DWhile（xx四川卷）6As it reported, it is 100 years _ Tsinghua University was founded【D】Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince（xx全国II）19It was a nice meal,_ a little expensive【A】Athough Bwhether Cas Dsince（xx陕西卷）19_all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post 【B】ASince BWhile CIf DAs（xx辽宁卷）25No matter how , it is not necessarily lifeless【D】Aa desert may be dry Bdry a desert may beCmay a desert be dry Ddry may a desert be（xx辽宁卷）29He had no sooner finished his speech the students started cheering【D】Asince Bas Cwhen Dthan（xx全国新课标卷）22Try she might, Sue couldnt get the door open【D】Aif Bwhen Csince Das（xx浙江卷）4One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _ my daughter beard cries for help 【D】Aafter Bwhile Csince Dwhen（xx湖南卷）33 Jack wasnt saying anything but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever【A】Aas if Bin case Cwhile Dthough（xx山东卷）28He had his camera ready _he saw something that would make a good picture【C】Aeven if Bif only Cin case Dso that（xx重庆卷）30To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off we are to shake hands with【C】Awhichever BwheneverCwhoever Dwherever（xx福建卷）33It was April 29,xx Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony【B】Athat Bwhen Csince Dbefore巩固练习1. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.A. which B. when C. so that D. as if2. I would appreciate it _you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.A. until B. if C. when D. that3. As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，_.A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you areC. the more life you are equipped forD. you are equipped the more for life4.After the war，a new school building was put up _there had once been a theatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when5. Is Mr. Smith in the office?Yes，_ he is in charge of the office，he must be there.A. since B. however C. whether D. for6. As your good friend, I will do _help you.A. that I can to B. what I can to C. all that I can D. what I can7.John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _he phones.A. as long as B. in order to C. in case D. so that8.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up _I could answer the phone.A. as B. since C. until D. before9. Dont look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.Oh, yes. _others are weak, he is strong.A. If B. When C. Where D. Though10.It is ten years _he smoked.A. that B. when C. since D. while11.We must hurry up _catch up with the last train.A. that B. so that to C. in order that D. in order to12.No matter _hard it may be，I will carry it out.A. what B. whatever C. how D. however13._ you may do，you must do it well.A. Which B. Whenever C. Whatever D. When14. Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday?No. But if I _the time，I would definitely go.A. have B. had C. have had D. would have15._ you are so weak，youd better stay at home.A. Since B. For C. Because D. Though16.English and French are taught here. You can choose _you like.A. no matter which B. whichever C. which D. whatever17.I saw Mr. Smith last Sunday. We had not seen each other _I left London.A. as B. before C. since D. till18.Ill be back before you _.A. will leave B. will have left C. leave D. would leave19.The problem wont be settled until we _a chance to discuss it thoroughly.A. have had B. will have C. will have had D. would have20.If you _this experiment，you will understand the theory better.A. will be doing B. have done C. will have done D. would do21.They went on working _it was late at night.A. even if B. as if C. however D. as though22.I hurried _I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless23.The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining24._ you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.A. At times B. Some time C. By the time D. Every time25.Although he is considered a great writer，_.A. however his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely readC. his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read26.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she _.A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrives D. is arriving27.We should finish the important job，_.A. long it takes however B. it takes however longC. long however it takes D. however long it takes28._he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A. That B. Why C. What D. How29._es to the party will receive a gift.A. Which B. Who C. Which one D. Whoever30.She is willing to help you, _busy she is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever31.I dont care whether he stays _goes.A. nor B. then C. or D. otherwise32.No matter _hard it may be，Ill carry it out.A. what B. whatever C. how D. however33.Why do you want to find a new job _youve got such a good one already?A. that B. where C. which D. when34._he is, he will be thinking of you.A. Wherever B. Where C. Now that D. As soon as35.You should make it a rule to leave things _you can find them again.A. when B. where C. then D. there36.He got excited at the news，_ I was calm.A. when B. while C. because D. after37.Shall Brown e and play puter games?No，_ he has finished his homework.A. when B. if C. unless D. once38._ you try，you will never succeed.A. If B. Until C. Since D. Unless39.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong _she rang me up.A. when B. than C. that D. and40._ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out.A. Immediately B. The moment C. The while D. All the above41._，he never seems able to do the work beautifully.A. Try as he does B. as he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try42.The air is full of smoke and people are coughing.It will get worse _the government does something about the pollution.A. but B. unless C. except D. if43.If _，I would have gone with him.A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me44.Alice is moving to her new apartment next Saturday.Ill be glad to help her，_ need some help.A. should she B. if she will C. if she D. if she might45.I came _I heard the news.A. until B. as soon as C. immediately D.B and C46.What we have seen_.A. from what we heard B. all what we heardC. to what we have heard D. from what we have heard47.We will never give in _they might do or say about our plan.A. no matter how B. how C. whatever D. although48.If you go to Xian，you will find the places there more magnificent than monly _.A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose49._ he es，we would not be able to go.A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even50.Its no wonder youve got a headache _you drank so much last night.A. though B. in case C. when D. while51.Iwonder if I_ time. If I _time，Ill go with you.A. have; have B. will have; will have C. have; will have D. will have; have52.By the time you _back，the supper _ready.A. will get; will be B. get; was C. get; will be D. will get; is53.Telephone me as soon as you _the results.A. will get B. get C. had got D. got54._ I live，I will never give in to the enemy.A. As far as B. As long as C. As well as D. As soon as55.I really wonder_ he has posted me many packages _he worked together.A. how; after B. why; when C. when; before D. why; since56.Please pronounce the word _I did.A. by the way B. the way C. the moment D. like57.I was about to leave my house _the phone rang.A. while B. when C. as D. after58.I had cut the meat into pieces _Mother started cooking.A. when B. as soon as C. after D. while59.You should visit the part of the country when _.A. spring w