2019-2020年高二英语 Unit 14 Freedom fighters教案2 旧人教版.doc

2019-2020年高二英语 Unit 14 Freedom fighters教案2 旧人教版1. freedom n. 自由(1) freedom是free的名词形式，表示“自由”，为不可数名词。例如：These men died for freedom.这些人为自由献身。In 1863 Lincoln gave freedom to all American slaves. 1863年林肯使美国所有的奴隶都获得了自由。 The freedom of the press is at stake.出版自由已成问题。(2) freedom 后接介词from 有“免除，解脱”的意思。freedom from hunger免于饥饿 freedom from taxation免税(3) 习语：take / use freedoms with (sb.) 对某人放肆(4) 同义词：liberty n.自由 反义词：restraint n. 抑制，克制free adj.(1) be free to do sth. 意为“随心所欲做某事”“不受拘束地做某事”。Everyone is free to express himself. 每个人都可以畅所欲言。You are free to go or stay. 去或留随你的便。(2) free from/of 不受影响的He was free from all blame for the accident.The old man is never free from illness.(3) free 作“免费的，空闲的”讲 Are you free today?(4) free 还可以作动词、副词，意为“使自由”“免除”“解放”；“自由地”“免费地”“松动地”。Babies are allowed to travel free on trains.婴儿可免费坐火车。Dont let the dog run free on the main road.别让狗在大街上乱跑。(5) freely 也是副词，意为“主动地，自如地，慷慨地”。You can speak quite freely in front of me, I shant tell anyone what you say.I freely admit that what I said just now was wrong.Can you speak English freely? 你能自如地说英语吗？2. murder 与kill(1) murder的意思是“谋杀，凶杀”，是有目的、有预谋的行为。(2) kill 是个普通的词，意为“造成（任何生物）死亡”，其主语可以是人，也可以是物或大自然。试比较：My uncle was killed in a plane crash. 我叔父在飞机失事中遇难。The cold weather killed our tomato plants.寒冷的天气冻坏了我们种的西红柿。He was put into prison for murdering his wife.他因谋杀妻子而被关进了监狱。(3) n. 谋杀（罪）；无意义的死亡；艰难困苦的经历，难办的事There have been several murders this year.今年发生了数宗谋杀案。It was absolute murder in town on the first day of the sales.在第一天销售时，镇上真是乱得让人受不了。 murderer. n. 杀人者，杀人犯 They were all convicted murderers, thieves, or other criminals. 他们都是定了罪的杀人犯、窃贼或其他罪犯。3. Youth 作“青春，青少年时期，活力”讲是不可数名词，作“青年、年轻人”讲是可数名词，the youth是“青年人”的总称。 In youth, he had shown great promise.他在青少年时代就显得很有出息。 As a youth he showed little promise. 他是个小伙子，看不出有什么出息。 The youth of the country is/are being ignored by politicians. 这个国家的青年人没有受到政治家们的重视。4. put sb. in/ into prison把关进监狱 It is said that his son was put in prison. The robber was put into prison. 类似的短语还有：be in prison坐牢 go to prison坐牢 cast/ throw sb. into prison把关进监狱 send sb. to prison把关进监狱 prison前有无冠词，意思是不一样的。请区分下列句子的意思。 The murderer went to prison last week. The criminals wife went to the prison to visit her husband. 那个犯人的妻子去监狱探望了她的丈夫。5. revolution 革命；（思想，工作方式等的）彻底变革 He has lived through two revolutions.他经历了两次革命。 Socialist revolution can never be achieved without a struggle.社会主义革命只有通过斗争来实现。 Credit cards have brought about a revolution in peoples spending habits. 信用卡的使用给人们的消费习惯带来巨大改变。 revolutionary adj.& n. 革命的，创新的；革命/新者 He suffered for his revolutionary principles.他为自己的革命原则而蒙受苦难。 Many revolutionaries reject this point of view.许多革命家不接受这种观点。6. join hands-hold each others hands联手，携手，合伙 We all joined hands and danced round in a circle.我们都拉起手来，围成一个圆圈跳舞。 Dont waste our money and time. Lets join hands in the business. 不要浪费钱和时间，我们在生意上互相合作吧。 The American soldiers joined hands with the British in the war against Germany. 在战争中美国士兵和英国士兵携手对付德军。7. arrest(1) 常作及物动词，有时有“阻止，制止”的意思He was arrested on a charge of murder.他因谋杀罪被捕。The criminal was arrested yesterday.罪犯昨天被捕了。The newly developed drug has arrested the spread of the disease.这种新药遏止了疾病的蔓延。(2) arrest作名词时，意思是“拘捕”，此时，一般用作可数名词。The police made an arrest last night. 昨晚警察逮捕了一个人。The police made three arrests yesterday.警察昨天执行了三项逮捕行动。(3) 同义词stop 阻止，制止反义词release释放8. separation n. 分开，隔开，分离；分居 Separation from his friends made him sad.他离开了朋友，十分难过。 She couldnt bear the thought of separation from her children. separate vt. 作动词时，意为“分开，隔开” Separate those two boys who are fighting.把那两个打架的孩子分开。 This river separates England and Scotland.这条河把英格兰与苏格兰隔开了。 separatefrom 将与分开 England is separated from France by the English Channel.英吉利海峡将英国与法国分开了. Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.请把好苹果与坏苹果分开。 separate 常用于被动语态，表示“与某人分手、离婚、失散”。 Were you separated from your wife?你和你妻子离婚了吗？ They got separated in the crowd.他们在人群中失散了。 separate作形容词，意为“单独的，独自的” The children sleep in separate beds.孩子们各睡各的床。 I must have a separate room.我要有一个单间。 Some people only think of their own separate interests.有些人只考虑他们各自的利益。9. race(1) 用作可数名词，第一个意思作“人种；种族”解，指根据由基因遗传的体质而区分为特性明显的群体，可以是局部的地区性人口或全球性人口。例如：the Negro race黑种人the white races白种人the Anglo-Saxon race盎格鲁-萨克逊族 There are many races of people in the world.世界上有许多种族。(2) 用作可数名词，另一个重要的意思是“赛跑（车）”，常指速度竞赛。a horse race赛马a 10-mile race 10 英里赛跑He ran a race with me.他同我赛跑。He won the 100-metre race.他在百米赛跑中获胜。(3) 作不及物动词时，有“比赛，赛跑”的意思，后面常接against/ between/ with等介词。The horse is racing against five others. 这匹马正在和其他五匹马比赛。boys racing home from school从学校跑回家的孩子。The second runners, already moving, grabbed the sticks and raced. 已经起跑的第二棒运动员，抓起接力棒继续往前跑。10. marriage n. 结婚，婚姻，婚礼 After ten years of marriage, they are divorcing.他们结婚十年了，现在正闹离婚。 Her second marriage was held/ took place in St. Johns Church. 她的第二次婚礼是在圣约翰教堂举行的。 give sb. in marriage (to sb.) 把某人嫁出去 take sb. in marriage嫁或娶某人11. forbid vt. (forbade, forbidden) -forbidding forbid The law forbids the use of chemical fertilizers.法律禁止使用化学肥料。 It was useless to forbid children to play in the park.禁止孩子在公园里玩是没用的。 Smoking is forbidden in the concert hall.这个音乐大厅禁止吸烟。12. vote (1)vi.投票，选出，提议 In those days women couldnt vote.那时候妇女无权投票。 You are too young to vote.你年龄太小没有选举权。 vote on sth. 就投票表决 Now we will vote on this question.现在我们就这个问题投票表决。 vote for/ against投票赞成/反对 Most of the Republic Party voted for the measure.大多数共和党议员对那项措施投了赞成票。 He voted against the plan. 他对该计划投了反对票。 vote to do sth.投票去做 We voted to accept the proposal. 我们投票决定接受这项提案。 vote that 投票决定（that从句中的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”， should可省略） I vote that we stay here. 我建议我们留在这里。 The mittee voted that the game should be put off.委员会投票决定比赛延期。(2) n. 投票，表决，投票所作的选择；表决结果 At the end of the meeting a vote was taken on the motion. 会议结束前对该项动议进行了表决。 At the election I shall cast my vote for Tom Smith. The vote was 215 to 84 against the motion, with 12 abstentions. 表决结果是二百一十五票对八十四票反对该项动议，十二票弃权。13. set an example to -树立榜样 Lei Feng set to us a good example of serving the people heart and soul. 雷锋为我们树立了全心全意为人民服务的好榜样。 请注意下列与example构成的短语： for example 例如 takefor example/ as an example拿为例 give an example 举例 follow ones example仿效他人的做法 make an example of sb.惩罚某人以警戒他人 teach by example以身作则14. demand （1）vt. 要求；需要。 demand The workers are demanding a better pay. 工人要求提高工资。 She demanded to speak to the manager. 她要求跟经理谈话。 The workers demanded that the manager (should) give them an immediate answer.工人们要求经理立即给他们一个答复。(2) n. 要求，请求，需要，需求，常构成短语 It is impossible to satisfy all your demands.满足你所有的要求是不可能的。 The workers demand for higher wages seems reasonable.工人们要求增加工资似乎是合理的。 Oil is in great demand these days.现在对石油的需求很大。(3)习语： have many demands on/upon ones time 时间不够支配 in (great) demand 需要量很大，许多人都需要 make demands of/on 对提出要求；有求于 meet the demand 满足需要；符合要求 on demand 在要求时，一经请求，在要求支付时 payable on demand 见票即付（的票据） demand of/ from 向要求，向索取(4)同义词：require v.要求反义词：supply v.提供15. boycott (1) boycott作动词，基本含义是“抵制”，指拒绝或与其他人联合拒绝使用，购买或经销。 Theyre boycotting the shop because the people who work there are on strike to boycott a meeting.他们拒绝购买那家商店的货物，因为店里的工作人员为了联合抵制一个会议而罢工。 They boycotted the meeting.他们拒绝参加那个会议。(2) boycott也可以作名词，是“联合抵制”的意思，常用作可数名词。We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。(3) 同义词：ban v. 禁止；取缔16. act(1) act 作名词时常为可数名词，除基本词义为“行为，举止”外，另一个重要意思是“法案，法令”，常指有议会通过的重大法令（常大写）Would you tell us something about the new Education Act?请你给我们讲讲新的教育法好吗？Parliament has passed an Act forbidding the killing of rare animals. 国会通过了一项法令，禁止捕杀珍稀动物。(2) act还可作动词，表示“做某事；表现”，常用句型为“act+adv./介词短语”He acted bravely when the building was on fire. 房子着火时，他表现得很勇敢。I acted on your advice, but he acted against it. 我奉行你的忠告，但他却反其道而行之。He always acts for his own interest.他总是为自己的利益而行动。act 还可用于act like句型。He acted like a fool. 他的动作像呆子一般。She acted like an old woman.她的行动像老太太似的。(3) act 作动词，表示“扮演；担任角色”之意时，其后可直接加宾语。Who acted Othello that night? 那天晚上谁演奥赛罗？He is always acting the experienced man who has seen everything. 他总是装成一个饱经沧桑的人。(4) 习语get in on sbs act 插一手act as担任act on/ upon 对起作用act against违背17. religion(1) 基本含义是“宗教”，表示“宗教信仰；宗教生活；修道生活”时作不可数名词，表示“教派；宗教团体”时作可数名词。Almost every country has some form of religion.几乎每个国家都有某种宗教信仰形式。He is a man without religion. 他是个没有宗教信仰的人。He doesnt believe in religion.他不信教。(2) 同义词：belief n.信仰18. start with 以开始 Knowledge starts/ begins with practice.认识从实践开始。 The meeting started with the presidents speech.会议以董事长的一篇讲演开始。 注意短语to start/ begin with 是“首先，第一（=for a start）”的意思，常放在句首，起开宗明义的强调作用。 To begin/ start with, we must consider the faculties of the staff all-sidedly. 首先，我们必须全面地考虑全体员工的素质。 We cant go. To start/ begin with, its too cold.我们不能去。首先，天太冷了。19. ridiculous 荒唐的，可笑的 The fat old man looked ridiculous in his tight pink trousers. They charge you a ridiculous price.他们向你漫天要价。20. at first sight 乍一看，初看之下。 At first sight the problem seemed easy. 乍一看问题似乎很容易解决。 They fell in love at first sight.他们一见钟情。21. politics 政治事务/活动；政治学；争权活动，权术 Politics has/ have never interested me. 我从未对政治活动感兴趣。 Tom is studying politics at university.汤姆在大学里学习政治学。 Dont get involved in the office politics.不要卷入办公室内的派别之争。 注意：以s 结尾的学科名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：physics物理（学）， mathematics数学， plastics塑料学， economics经济学， politics政治（学）等，但politics作“政治观点，政治信仰/倾向/见解”时，常用作复数。 What are her politics?她的政见如何？My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy . he di not want share things with other people .1 _For example , when he bought a chocolate cake , he put them 2_In a secret place where I couldnt find . then he 3._Ate it all , by himself . he never helped other. 4._He said he is busy. That is a game of 5_Tennis making him very busy . he did not care 6_If something he did made people angry. For 7_Instance, on one night he played strong and 8_Loudly music till four oclock in the morning . but 9_He is difference now . he often helps grandma with 10_Housework, helps mom with cooking and helps his classmates with their lessons