2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习 Unit8 Sports教案 人教大纲版.doc

2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习 Unit8 Sports教案 人教大纲版考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围:1. 重点单词与短语continent; tie; athlete; medal; torch; dive; shooting; petitor; further; prepare; effect; pete; weight; position; point; title; gesture; facial; in ones opinion; with the help of; so far; make oneself heard; stand for; because of; would rather; take part; in preparation for; preferto; haveeffect on; by hand2. 句型Id rather watch it than play it. would rather的用法 Every four years, athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games. 表示“每隔”的说法To make it the best ever games, the capital city will make several big changes. 不定式做目的状语It is true / certain.that. it作形式主语代替主语从句Yao Ming has more than just size. more than 的用法3. 语法：一般将来时的被动语态(1)描述食物将受到某种影响或某种处理-使用将来时被动语态。(2)描述人物将被动的接受某种行为或某种处理-使用将来时被动语态。 复习本章要达到的目标1. 掌握tie; medal; dive; petitor; further; prepare; effect; weight; position; point; gesture; in ones opinion; with the help of; so far; make oneself heard; stand for; because of; would rather; take part; in preparation for; preferto; haveeffect on; by hand等重点单词及短语的用法。2. 掌握“宁愿怎么样而不愿怎么样的”的用法；不定式作目的状语的用法；it作形式主语代替主语从句的用法以及more than 的用法教材知识归纳知识归纳1.What do the five Olympic rings stand for?stand for 代表;象征The American flag stands for freedom and justice.美国国旗代表自由及公平。What do the letters UN stand for?字母UN代表什么?主张;支持,拥护We stand for self-reliance.我们主张自力更生。容忍，忍受I cant stand for your speaking to your mum like that.我不能容忍你用那样的方式和你母亲讲话。stand by 袖手旁观Dont just stand by; cant you lend a hand?别站在一旁观看，你不能帮一下忙吗？相关归纳：表示容忍的结构：(以下句子都可译为“我不能容忍你用那样的方式和你母亲讲话”) stand ；stand for； put up with；wont have sb. doing sth.；bearI cant stand your speaking to your mum like that.I cant stand for your speaking to your mum like that.I cant put up with your speaking to your mum like that.I wont have you speaking to your mum like that.I cant bear your speaking to your mum like that.注意：stand ；stand for； put up with；wont have sb. To do sth 后只可以接动名词但是bear 后可以接不定式也可以接动名词。I cant bear to be laughed at.= I cant bear being laughed at.我不能容忍被嘲笑。2. How many times have the Olympic Games been stopped because of war?because of与 because的区别：（1）because是连词，用来引导表语从句或状语从句。She was worried because her daughter came home late.由于她的女儿回家的比较晚她很担心She looks worried. That is because her daughter hasnt e home.她看起来很担忧。那是因为她的女儿回家晚了。（2）because of是介词，用于名词、代词、what从句或动名词前。Her daughter came home late because of the busy traffic.由于交通拥挤她的女儿回家晚了。She was angry because of what you said.她对你说的话很是生气。Because of missing the last bus, we had to take a taxi.由于错过了末班车我们不得不乘出租车。My views of the world have changed because of traveling.由于旅游我对世界的看法改变了。3. Id rather watch it than play it.我宁愿看球而不愿意打球。(1)总结“宁愿而不愿”的 表达方法： would / had do sth rather than do sth宁愿而不愿I would rather stay at home than go for a walk.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去散步。Shed rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.I prefer to stay at home rather than go for a walk.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去散步。 prefer doing sth to doing sthI prefer staying at home to going for a walk.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去散步。would do sth rather than do sth I would stay at home rather than go for a walk.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去散步。(2)would rather 的用法： would rather +do sth. 指现在或将来愿意做某事=would rather sb. did sth Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。 If youd rather be alone, well all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想去看我。我宁愿他明天来看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来)Dont e tomorrow. Id rather you came next weekend. 明天别来。我希望你下周末来。 would rather +have done sth. 指现在或将来愿意做某事=would rather sb. had done sth.I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night.= I would rather I had gone to the theatre than stayed home night.我真希望昨天晚上去看了戏而不是呆在家里。4. Every four years athletes from all over the world took part in the Olympic Games.every与数词或few、other连用，表示时间或空间的间隔，一般形成以下结构：（1）every+基数词+复数名词，意为“每”；（2）every+序数词+单数名词，意为“每第”； Every third year he will go on a holiday. 每三年他度一次假。（3）every + other+单数可数名词，指“每隔”； Please write every other line.请隔行写。（4）every+ few+复数名词，译成“每隔几 Every few days he will go shopping.每隔几天他就会去购物。5. Many of the sports were the same as they are now.该句中as为连词，引导状语从句。as 作为连词，可以引导5种从句。(1).时间状语从句。As time went by, it became colder and colder.随着时间的流逝，天变得越来越冷。(2).原因状语从句。As he was taken a bad cold, he didnt go to school yesterday.由于昨天他感冒了，他没有去上学。(3).方式状语从句。Do as I tell you to.按照我告诉你的去做。Do in Rome as the Romans do. 人乡随俗。(4).让步状语从句。注意要采用倒装句型，即把表语、状语、动词原形提前到as前面。当表语为a + n必须省a Child as he is, he knows a lot.尽管他是个小孩，他却知道很多。 Much as he tried , he cant pass the exam.尽管他尽力了，可是他还不能通过考试。 Try as he did , he cant pass the exam.尽管他尽力了，可是他还不能通过考试。(5).比较状语从句。It is not as hot in Beijing as in Wuhan北京不及武汉热。6.some of the games in which the young men peted were: running, jumping and wrestling.pete 的用法派生词：petition n. 比赛，竞赛He came first in the poetry petition.他获诗歌比赛第一名。We are in petition with several other panies for the contact.我们与另几家公司角逐争取这项合同。petitor n.竞争者，比赛者petitiveadj. 比赛的，竞争的，不亚于或超过他人的The firm has better products than its petitors.这公司的产品比其对手的好。Our firm is no longer petitive in world markets.我们公司在世界市场上已不占优势。知识梳理：(1)pete in参加 比赛Twenty girls peted in the race.二十位姑娘参加了赛跑。(2)pete with/ against sb. for sth.与竞赛；竞争某事物Several panies are peting against/with each other for the contract.几家公司正为争取一项合同而相互竞争。6. It means that every athlete should try to run faster, jump higher and throw further.farther与further的区别：farther与further都是形容词和副词far的比较级： (1)farther一般只用于表示有形距离的“较远”、“更远”： On the farther side of the street there was a large shop. 在街的那一边有一家大商店。 We cant go any farther without a rest. 我们不休息就不能再走了。 (2)farther既可表示有形距离的“较远”、“更远”；还可表示“更多的”；“另一些”；“进一步的”；“而且”；“此外”等等。 Its not safe to go any further. 再往远走，就不安全了。 Have you any further questions to ask? 你们还有问题要问吗？ We intend to stay for a further two months. 我们打算再停留两个月。 If you need further information, I suggest you go to the library. 如果你需要进一步的资料，我建议你去图书馆查查。 The school will be closed until further notice. 学校将关闭，开学时间另行通知。 Well enquire further into this question tomorrow. 明天我们将进一步调查这个问题。 He said that he could not find it and further that nobody would ever find it. 他说他找不到它，而且还说谁也找不到它。7. In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of all the peting countries. 在悉尼奥运会上。中国队共获28枚金牌，在所有的参赛国中，金牌总数名列第三。(1)该句中的ranking为v-ing形式作状语表示结果,表示自然而然的结果。Football is played in over 100 countries, making it the most popular game.足球现在在100多个国家被踢，这使足球成为最受欢迎的运动。The crocodile can eat a man in a few minutes, leaving only bones.鳄鱼能在几分钟之内把一个人吃掉，结果只剩下骨头。(2)rank的用法：等级;地位,身份社会阶层;军阶,军衔;高地位,高身份They served everyone regardless of social rank.他们为所有人服务而不计较其社会地位。He was promoted to the rank of captain.他被提升到上尉军阶。把.分等;把.评级She ranked her students according to their grades.她按成绩排列学生的名次。列为(指名次或等级)They ranked high in their class.他们是班上的优等生。8.To make it the best ever Games, the capital city will make several big changes. ever 的用法：(1)(多用于疑问句、否定句和表示条件和比较的附属从句)在任何时候;从来;至今If you ever see George, give him my kind regards.如果你见到乔治,请代我向他致以亲切的问候。She was happier than she had ever been.她比以前任何时候都更高兴。He is one of the very best men I have ever met.他是我遇见的最好的人之一。No such person ever existed.这样的人从来没有存在过。Have you ever been to London?你到过伦敦吗?(2)永远,始终;总是He is ever ready to help you.他总是乐意帮助你的。(3) (用于疑问副词或代词之后,加强语气)究竟,到底Who ever can it be?那究竟会是谁呢?What ever put that idea in your head?到底是什么使你想出那个主意的?9. The people of Beijing will be preparing to light the Olympic torchprepare 的用法：派生词:preparation n. 准备，预备 prepared adj. 准备好的精制的相关归纳：(1) prepare (sth.) for./ to do sth. 为作准备(强调动作)The whole class is working hard preparing for the exam.全班都在用功准备考试。(2)prepare sb. / oneself for. / to do sth. 使某人自己准备好The college prepares students for a career in business.这个学院是培养商务人才的。The police are preparing themselves for trouble at the demonstration.警察正在准备防范示威时可能出现的骚乱。(3) be prepared for.准备好(强调状态)I was not prepared for all the problems it caused.我对这事引起的诸多麻烦毫无准备。(4)be prepared to do sth.(有能力并且)愿意做We are not prepared to accept these conditions.我们无意接受这些条件。He is always prepared to help others.他总是乐意帮助别人。(5) in preparation for 作为的准备I has been training hard in preparation for the ing exam.我一直在努力训练为即将到来的考试做准备。(6) make preparations for 为作准备The students are making preparations for the ing exam.学生正在为即将到来的考试做准备(7)prepare sb. sth. 为某人准备 The host and the hostess prepared us a delicious meal. 主人为我们准备了美味佳肴。注意： prepare sth. 宾语必须是动作的直接承受者。 prepare the lesson / a speech / a meal。（备课；写演讲稿；做饭） prepare for sth.中for的宾语是表示准备的目的。 prepare for the exam / an operation / a trip。（为考试、手术、旅游做准备）10. Yao Ming scored 32.4 points per gane.point的用法：知识梳理：(1)观点，见解，论点；From my point of view you are right .以我的观点看你是对的。She made several interesting points in the article.在这篇文章中她提出了几个重要的观点。(2)要点，重点 核心问题；前要加theThe point is that you should not wait so long to see a doctor.关键是你不应该等那么长的时间去看医生。I think I missed the point .我认为我没能理解重点。I will e straight to the point ; we need more money.直说主题吧，我需要些钱。(3)目的, 意义；I dont see the point of doing it all again.我看不出再次做这件事的意义。(4)时刻；关头；瞬间；阶段；At this point I dont care what you decoded to do.在这个时候我不介意你决定做什么。I think you have e to the point where you must make a change .我认为你达到了这样的阶段：你必须做出改变。(5)得分；lose the game by a point 以一分只差输掉了比赛(6)小数点相关归纳：(1)to the point简明恰当；简洁中肯 The letter was short and to the point.这封信简明扼要。(2)to the point of (doing) sth.达到某种程度；近乎 He was rude to the point of being aggressive.他粗鲁到蛮不讲理的程度。(3)to a point在某种程度上=in a way =to an extent=in a sense I agree with you up to a point. 我某种程度上同意你的说法。(4)there be no point ( in ) doing sth. He wont e ; there be no point ( in )waiting on.他不会来的，再等下去是毫无必要的。(5). on the point of doing sth. when 从句=be about to do sth. when从句 We were on the point of setting out when the telephone rang.我们正要出发这时电话响了。(6). point out指（给某人）看；（向某人）指出Please point out the mistakes in my position, if any.如果有的话，请指出我作文的错误。(7).point (sth.) at sb./ sth. He pointed the gun at her head.他把枪对着我的头。(8).point to 暗示，预示 All the signs point to a successful year ahead.所有这些暗示明年是个丰收年。11.Work together and write down some of the effects.effect的用法派生词:effective adj. 有效的被实施的，实际的现行的 efficient adj. 效率高的相关归纳：(1) be of no effect 无效，没有作用; 不中用(2) bring / carry / put into effect实行，实施，使生效，实现(3) e / go into effect 开始生效，开始实施(4) have (an) effect on / upon 对有影响；对起作用，产生效果This had a great effect upon the future of both mother and son.这对母子俩的将来影响很大。(5) take effect 见效，生效；开始发生作用(6) in effect 实际上；(规律，法律等)生效，有效，在实行中11 Yao Ming weighs 134 kg .weigh的用法：派生词: weight n. 重量 weighty adj. 严重的，重要的；沉重的 weightless adj. 无重量的知识梳理：(1) 称重；重量是How much do you weigh?你体重多少？I weigh about 60 kilos.大约60千克。 (2) 权衡，考虑 Weigh your words before you say. 说话之前要权衡你的措词。相关归纳:(1)by weight 按重量Eggs are sold by weight.鸡蛋按重量出售。(2)in weight 在重量方面He is as much as 60 kilos in weight 他重达60千克。(3)lose weight 减轻体重She is trying to lose weight.她正在设法减肥。(4)putting on/gaining weight 增加体重He is putting on/gaining weight since he gave up drinking.他戒酒后体重增加了。（5）watch my weight 提防体重No more for me, I have to watch my weight.我不再吃了，我得控制体重。概念提示重点/热点1：more than, morethan(1) more than主要有以下用法： 后接名词，表示超出该名词之所指，意为“不只是，不止”。 China Daily is more than a newspaper.中国日报不仅仅是一种报纸。 后接形容词或动词，用来加强语气，“很；非常”。 I am more than glad to meet you.见到你我相当高兴。 后接副词，加强语气，表“十分”，“不止”之意。 He was dressed more than simply. 他穿的岂止是朴素，简直近乎破烂了。 后接含有情态动词 can的从句，其本意是“超过”，常用来表示否定意义，可译为：“简直不”，“远非”。 The beauty of this city is more than words can describe. 这城市之美是无法用语言描述的。 后接数词，表示超出该数，意思是“多于；大于”。 The factory turns out more than one hundred cars daily. 该厂日产汽车一百多辆。 (2) more.than 结构中间常插入形容词或副词，表示以下两种含义： 表示普通的比较级，指两种不同的事物(人)在同一属性上的比较。 This coat is more expensive than that one. 表示“与其说是不如说是”，指对同一事物的两种属性进行选择。 She is more diligent than wise. 与其说她聪明，不如说她勤奋。It was more the way he said it than what he said that made her sad.造成她不愉快的原因，与其说是他所说的话，倒不如说是他的说话方式。易混易错点1：will be doing sth. 将来进行时的用法：概念:：将来进行时用来表示在将来的某一个时间正在进行的动作和按计划,安排,决定预料将要发生的事。 常用的时间状语: soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。 This time next week we shall be working in that factory. 下个星期的这时候,我们将在那个工厂劳动. Well be having a meeting at three oclock tomorrow afternoon.明天下午三点,我们将正在开会. The students will be watching TV at seven this evening. 今天晚上七点,学生们将正在看电视. I will be studying in the university next year.明年我将在大学学习。易混易错点2：join in, take part in, attend, join，enter for (1) take part in + activities / work, discussion / research等。 take part in 强调参与性，特别是有众多人参加的活动，含在活动中起一定作用，负有责任之意。 Millions of workers took part in (=joined in) the strike / revolutionary movement / fighting 数以百万计的工人参加了罢工革命运动斗争。 He took an active part in (joined actively in) international academic exchanges.他积极参加国际学术交流活动。Well take part in social activities during summer vacation.这个暑假我们将参加社会活动。(2) join可表示参加一个组织或成为其中一员或与人为伴，和某人一起做某事，而take part in则不这样用。He joined the army / League / Part / club / students union.他参军入团入党参加俱乐部学生会。Please join us / my family / Mary. 和我们家人玛丽作伴。(3)join in + sth. (相当于take part in) 或 join sb. in + sth./doing sth. 指和他人一起参加活动、比赛等。I didnt join them in writing that book.我没有参编那本书。All of us joined in the English speech petition.我们都参加了英语演讲比赛。(4) attend v.“参加”是正式用语，指出席会议，参加婚礼，典礼等，又可指上学，上课，听报告。He was invited to attend Marys wedding ceremony.他被邀请参加玛丽的婚礼。(5) enter for指报名参加某项比赛How many people entered for the petition? 有多少人报名参加比赛？讲题组课内题例与课后题：课内题例1.Deciding on the amount of water that will be used in any particular period requires careful planning, so that people can manage and use water more _. A. effectively B. easily C. conveniently D. actively变式1.Can you imagine the effect the parents may have _ their child? A. in B. on C. of D .to变式2. Only those are _ in their work wont be laid off. A. effectively B. of effect D .efficient D. effective解析:1.effectively是effect的副词形式意思是“有效地” . 答案:A变式1.“ the parents may have _ their child”是定语从句，省略的关系代词做了have的宾语，也就是说定语从句中有一个固定短语“have an effect on ”所以答案选B变式2.该句意思是“只有那些在工作中效率高的人才不会被解雇。”“efficient”是高效的；“effective”是有效地。所以答案选C2. -Can the project be finished as planned? -Sure, _ it pleted in time, well work two more days a day. A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get 变式1. He wrote me a letter, _ me to dinner. A. to invite B. inviting C. to be invited D. having invited 变式2. To master a foreign, _. A. one needs much practice B. much practice is needed C. it important to practice more D .needing much practice 变式3. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.A. making herself hearB. to make herself hearC. making herself heardD. to make herself heard解析2. to get it pleted in time表示目的状语.答案: B 变式1. 不定式做目的状语如果位于句末时，不定式前一定不能加“，”我们可以把这道题理解为现在分词作状语表示伴随的用法，也就是说写信的动作和邀请的动作同时发生。所以答案选B 变式2. 不定式做状语时他的逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，所以答案为A 变式3. 根据句意和结构判断，句子后部分是表达大声喊的目的，一般用不定式表达，故排除A、C两项。hear与宾语herself有逻辑上的被动关系，故选D项。答案：D3. I love you _ I can say. And I will do everything for you. A .more than B. less than C. other than D. better than 变式1. China Daily is _ a newspaper, it can help us improve our English. A .more than B. less than C. other than D. better than变式2. Lizzie was _ to see her friend off at the airport.A. a little more than sadB. more than a little sadC. sad more than a littleD. a little more sad than变式3. Do you need any help, Lucy?Yes, The job is I could do myself.A. less thanB. more thanC. no more thanD. not more than解析：3. 由句意可知是表达“我对你的爱超出了我能用语言表达的”这一意思。考查“more than”做“超出”这一层意思，所以答案选A变式1. 英文版中国日报不仅仅是一种报纸，它还能提高我们的英文水平。所以选答案A项。变式2. more than修饰形容词、名词或动词时，通常放在被修饰的词之前，故排除A、C、D三项。more than用于修饰形容词、名词或动词时，要看作习语，意思是“不仅、很、非常”。全句意思是：“Lizzie在机场为朋友送行时，非常难过。”答案：B变式3 解析：more than 远远超出。答案：B4. - Shall me go skating or stay at home? - Which _ do yourself? A. do you rather B. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather 变式1. To enjoy the scenery, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _ travel by air.A. as B. toC. thanD. while变式2.Do you mind if we set out earlier tomorrow morning? Well, Id rather you_.A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. wouldnt解析：4. would rather是固定搭配。选B 变式1. 本题考查习惯搭配would rather do.than do .。选C 变式2.解答该题的关键是要注意would rather后从句中虚拟结构的使用。would rather后的从句，如果从句的谓语动词表示与现在或将来事实相反，常用一般过去时，如果与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。该题根据上下文语境可以知道，选项部分的动作是与将来事实相反，故用一般过去时。B。5. We should _ the advantages and disadvantages before making a decision. A. balance B. weigh C. measure D. pare 变式1. The eggs are sold by_ pound and the meat is sold by _ weight. A. the ; B. the; C. a the D. the a 解析：该题考查weigh做动词“权衡；比较”的用法。答案：B 变式1. by the pound 按磅出售；by weight 按重量出售。答案：B课后题：1. These planes are watered_.A. each other day B. every other day C. each of two days D. every of two days2.Oh, the bag! Thank you very much, sir. This is the same bag I lost the other day.A. as B. which C. like D. that 3.The discussion, filled with arguments, lasted two days, _ no conclusion.A. reached B. would reach C. to reach D. reaching4._ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As解析:1. 每隔一天可以说:every second/other day 或every two days答案: B2.the same as 表示相似 the same that 表示同一个。根据前面的Oh, the bag!可判断正是自己丢失的那个，因此选择that.答案: D3该题考查现在分词做状语表示结果的用法。答案: D4. 句子的意思是“随着岁月的推移，天气越来越糟”。应该选as引导时间状语从句。答案: D课后练习题A组：1.When I was driving to the Crossing Road ,a policeman _me to stop and I realized what would happen.A. made B. gestured C. caused D. shouted2. Im busy now. Im sorry I cant help _ the flowers.A. watering B. wateredC. waters D. to water3.Hundreds of jobs _if he factory closes.A. lose B. will be lose C. are lost D. will lose4.When did Yao Ming turn _basketball player? -It was in xx.A. great Chinese B. Chinese great C. A great Chinese D. A Chinese great5.A new cinema _here. They hope to start the project next month.A. will be built B. is builtC. has been builtD. is being built6.Before you leave the lab, the doors and windows _shut in case of rain.A. is B. are .C. is to be .D. are to be.7.The meeting _next week in Guangzhou will deal with the terrible disease.A. held. B. being held. C. to be held. D. holding8Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people _harm them.A. more than B. other than C. rather than D. better than9.This kind of cloth _soft enough.A. hasnt feltB. doesnt feelC. isnt feeling D. isnt felt10. We thought of selling this old furniture, but weve decided to _ it. It might be valuable. A. hold on to