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Module 4 A Social Survey -My Neighbourhood,核心单词 1. bother vt.打扰，烦扰；麻烦 n.U不便，麻烦；C引起麻烦或不便的人或事 常用结构： bother sb. with/about sth. 拿来烦扰某人 bother about/with sth.为某事而烦恼； 为某事而费心 bother about doing/to do sth.费心做某事 bother sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事 have no/much/little bother (in) doing .做不费力/ 很费力/几乎不费力,Now I am too busy to bother about repairing my bike. 现在我太忙了，没空修我的自行车。 Im so sorry to have bothered you with so many questions. 很抱歉问了你这么多问题。 Surprisingly, the boy didnt bother to go over his test paper, so he made a lot of mistakes. 令人奇怪的是，男孩并没有用心检查试卷，因此出错很多。 I had no bother (in) finding his house. 我很容易就找到了他家。,2. approach vt.交涉 As the farmer approached the wood, a rabbit ran out of the trees. 农夫走进树林时，一只兔子从树丛里跑了出来。 Winter is approaching, but I still havent decided whether to go back home or not. 冬天来临了，但我还没决定是否回家。 All approaches to the city were blocked. 所有进城的道路都被堵住了。,3. exchange vt.&n. 交换；互换；交流 常用结构： exchange sth. for sth.以某物换取某物 exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物 in exchange for 作为（对的）交换/替代 We exchanged our views with them on this matter. 在这件事情上，我们和他们交换了观点。 She gave the old man 500 dollars in exchange for his sword. 她用500美元换了老人的那把剑。 Could you tell me where I can exchange my dollars for pounds? 你能告诉我在哪里可以把美元换成英镑吗？,4. afford vt. 负担得起，买得起，有能力支付；抽得出时间（常与can, could或be able to连用） 常用结构： afford sth. 买得起，负担得起的费用 afford to do sth. 负担得起做； 经得起做 afford sb. sth./afford sth. to sb. 为某人承担 I dont think we will be able to afford the house in the near future. 我想在近期我们买不起这栋房子。 Can we afford to buy a new car? 我们能买得起新车吗？ Music affords us pleasure. 音乐给我们带来快乐。,5. survive vt. 比活得长；幸免于，从中逃生 vi. 活下来，幸存 常用结构： survive sb. 比某人活得长 survive sth. 从中生还；从中幸存下来 survive from .从留存下来 survive on . 靠维持生活；靠存活下来 The woman survived her husband for ten years. 她比她丈夫多活了10年。 Only a child survived the traffic accident. 只有一个小孩子从这次交通事故中幸存下来。 These strange customs have survived from earlier times. 这些奇怪的风俗是早年留下来的。 She is barely surviving on her monthly social security payment. 她靠每月的社会保险金勉强维持生活。,6. contact vt.联系 n. U接触；联系；交往；交际；C熟人 常用结构： have contact with 接触到；和有联系 be in/out of contact with 与保持/失去联系 get into/make contact with 与取得联系 keep in contact with 与保持联系 Have the children been in contact with you recently? 最近孩子们与你有联系吗？ We made contact with the ship by radio. 我们通过无线电与轮船取得了联系。,重点短语 7. put up 举；架起；张贴；为提供食宿；供膳宿；建造 They put up a tent in the camp field. 他们在营地支起了一顶帐篷。 You can put up here for the night. 你可以在这里过夜。 If you have any questions, put up your hands. 如果有问题，请举手。 联想拓展 put away把收起来；存放好；储存 put forward 提出（意见，建议） put down 放下；写下，记下;镇压 put on 穿上;戴上；上演；假装；伪装 put off 推迟；拖延 put out 扑灭（火）；放出；摆出；生产；出版 put up with 忍受；忍耐；受苦,易混辨析 put up/set up/build/found put up 意为“建造，搭建”时，指高于地平面的建筑物，即“搭起，竖起，挂起”之意，同set up。 set up还意为“建立，成立”，常与表示组织、机构、团体之意的词连用，这时相当于found, 如:set up home安家落户。 build 意为“建造，建设，建立”，是最普通的日常用语，常指建造大的东西，后可接具体或抽象名词。 found指建立、成立机构或组织等。此意同set up,但found更强调打基础。,8. a great many 许多；大量 联想拓展 英语中有一些表示“许多，大量”的短语，现将常见用法归纳如下： 修饰可数名词复数且作主语时谓语动词用复数的短语有： a good/great many; a large/great number of, quite a few。 修饰不可数名词且作主语时谓语动词用单数的短语有： a great/good deal of, a great/large amount of, quite a little。 既可修饰可数名词复数又可修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词的数根据所修饰的名词来确定的短语有： a lot of; lots of; plenty of; a large/great quantity of。 large quantities of+可数名词复数或不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。 many a/an+可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,The little boy asked his mother a good many questions. 这个小男孩问了他妈妈很多问题。 After the storm, a large amount of damage was done in a very short time. 风暴过后，在短时间里造成了大量毁坏。 Dont be hurried; you have plenty of time to catch your bus. 不要慌，你有充足的时间赶上公共汽车。 9. go up 涨，上升；攀登 Recently，prices of all necessities have been going up. 近来，各种生活必需品的价格一直在上涨。,The temperature went up. 气温上升了。 They went up the hill the other day. 前几天他们去爬山了。 联想拓展 go after 追逐；追求 go against 违反；违背；反对 go ahead 前进；继续做/进行 go all out 全力以赴 go along 前进；进行；一起去 go back to 追溯到 go in for 从事；喜欢；进行；赞成 go out 出去；熄灭 go over 转变；仔细检查;复习 go with 伴随；与相配 go without 没有也行,重点句型 10. It is/was/has been+一段时间+since . 自从以来已经多久了 在本句型中，如果主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，since引导的时间状语从句要用一般过去时；如果主句用一般过去时，since引导的时间状语从句要用过去完成时。另外，since从句中的谓语动词若是非延续性动词，句意是肯定的，即“自从至今已经多久了”；since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性的，句意是否定的，即“自从不做已经多久了”。 It is/has been about twenty years since my brother joined the army. 我哥哥参军已经近二十年了。,It is/has been four years since his father smoked. 他父亲已经戒烟四年了。 It was years since the war had broken out. 战争已爆发好几年了。 联想拓展 It was long before+从句 在很久（之后）才 It was not long before+从句 不多久就 It will be long before+从句 要过很久才 It will not be long before+从句 不久就会 注意：这组句型中的long可以换成hours, days, weeks, months, years等。 It was not long before we left for the north. 不久，我们就动身去北方了。 It will not be long before they understand each other. 他们不久就会互相了解。,构词法 派生法（derivation） 利用派生法，写出下列名词的形容词形式。,答案; 1. Dangerous 2. famous 3. eastern 4. Northern 5. valuable 6. reasonable 7. Foolish 8. selfish 9. terrible 10. Horrible 11. Asian 12. European 13. Religious 14. cautious 15. scientific 16. energetic 17. expensive 18. gifted 19. wooden 20. fortunate,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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