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Unit7一、知识点：1. tired 累的tiring 令人疲惫的bored 讨厌boring 令人厌烦/讨厌的excited 兴奋的exciting 令人兴奋/激动的amazed 惊讶的amazing 令人惊讶的2. education n. 教育educational 有教育意义的3. 想要做：would like to do想要：would like sth.常用的句型有：What would you like to do? 你想要做什么？I would like to visit GuiLin. 我想去参观桂林。What would you like ?你想要什么？I would like some tea. 我想来些茶。Would you like to go to my party? 你来不来参加我的晚会？(表邀请) Yes, Id love/ like to . No, thanks.Would you like some tea or coffee? 你是要点茶还是咖啡？Yes, Id love/ like. No. thanks.Where would you like to visit/ go? 你想去哪呢？(本单元的重点句型)4.go on vacation 去度假go on a trip 去旅行go on a picnic 去野炊5.hope to do 希望做某事 I hope to go to Beijing. 我希望去北京。hope (that) + 从句希望.I hope that I can go to Beijing.我希望我能去北京。I hope (that) she can pass the test.我希望她能通过考试。6. I love places where the people are friendly. 我喜欢人们友好的地方。where 关系副词，引导定语从句where引导定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词如：the place, the city等That is the school where I studied 10 years ago. 那就是我10年前所就读的学校。7. 不定代词参看课本P141注：形容词必须放在不定代词、不定副词的后面8. consider doing考虑做某事I am considering changing my job. 我正在考虑换工作。9. cost (sb.) 钱、时间The bookcost me 10 yuan这本书花了我10元。10. in general 一般来说， 大体上， 通常11. be supposed to do 应该做. = should如：Scientists are supposed to know a lot. 科学家们应该知道更多。12. take a trip 去旅行13. provide sb. with sth 供应某人某物= provide sth for sb.如：They provide uswithwater.They provide waterforus.14. how far 问路程多远（20 kilometers , five munites walk）how old 问年龄多少岁（13 years old）how long 问时间 多久；多长（since, for）how often 问频率多久一次（sometimes, often, 3 times a day, every day）15. be away 离开如：I was away 2days ago. 我两天前离开了。I will be away for a few days.我将离开一些天。16. inexpensiveadj. 不贵的反义词expensive adj. 贵的17. let sb. do 让某人做某事Let me help you.让我帮你吧。let sb. not do 让某人不要做某Let us not laugh. 让我们不要笑了。18. in the future 将来She will a good mother in the future. 在将来她将会是一个好妈妈。19. 用to 表示“的”有：answers to question 问题的答案 the key to the door 这扇门的钥匙20. as soon as possible 尽可能的快21. continue doing = go on doing 继续做某事如：She continued singing. = She went on singing. 她继续唱歌。22. according to 根据23. be willing to do 愿意做某事 如：I am willing to help you. 我愿意帮你。24. on the other hands 另一方面25. hold on to sth. 保持，不要放弃Please hold on tomy hand.不要放开我的手。26. come true 实现 如：My dream have come true. 我的梦实现了。27through穿过 含有“in”的意思 across 横过含有“on”的意思28. Some day=someday 只指将来某一天one day 既可指将来某一天，也可指过去某一天。28. Plan 计划打算(1) plan to do sthWe are planning to visit London this summer/Do plan to stay late?(2) 跟名词或者代词Have you planned your trip?We have been planning this visit for months.(3) plan for 为做计划He planned for a picnic if the next day were fine.(4) plan on 打算有（做某事）She had not planned on so many guests.They are planning on an/for an outing.29.强调句型：It is(was)that (who ,whom)(1) 强调句型可用来强调各种句子成分(2) 强调句中的连词who,whom只用来指代人，that 即可以指代人也可以指代物被强调部分是时间，地点等仍用that(3)that,whom, who 后的句中的谓语与原句保持一致(4)强调句中只有it is ,it was 两种时态形式，如：I am right -It is I who(that) am right.又如：They will have a meeting tomorrow.It is they who(that) will have a meeting tomorrow.Its a meeting that they will have tomorrow.Its tomorrow that they will have a meeting.30.在英语中，有although 不能有but;有because 不能有so二、短语1.go on vacation 去度假2.trek through the jungle 徒步穿越丛林3.some day 有朝一日4.one of the liveliest cities 最有活力的城市之一5.be supposed to do sth. 应该干。6.pack light clothes 穿薄衣服7.take a trip 去旅行8.provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb为了某人提供某物9.be away 离开，远离10.the answer to the question 问题的答案11.according to 根据。按照。12.work as tour guides 做导游的工作13.dream of 梦想，想到14.less realistic dreams 不现实的梦想15.be willing to do sth. 愿意干。16.achieve ones dreams 实现梦想17.sail across the pacific 横渡太平洋18.hold on to 保持，不要放弃（卖掉）19.take it easy 从容 轻松 不紧张20.Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉大瀑布21.Eiffel Tower 艾菲尔铁塔22.Notre Dame Cathedral 巴黎圣母院23.this time of year 一年中的这个时候24.in general 通常 ,大体上, 一般而言三、句子1.where would you like to go on vacation?Id like to trek through the jungle.2.l like places where the weather is always warm.3.I like to go somewhere relaxing 我喜欢去休闲的地方4.For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Paris?你下次度假为什么不考虑去巴黎？5.Traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money.乘坐出租车游览巴黎要花费很多钱6.So unless you speak French yourself, its best to travel with someone who can translate things for you.因此，除非你自己会讲法语，否则最好与一个能为你翻译的人一起去。7. Wed like to be away for three weeks.我们大约要去三个星期.8.The person has a lot of money to spend on the vacation.度假中这个人有很多钱可以花.9.I hope you can provide me with some information about the kinds of vacations that your firm can offer我希望能给我提供一些贵公司能经营的旅游项目的信息.10.Could you please give me some suggestions for vacation spots?你能给我一些有关度假地的建议吗？11.You need to pack some warm clothes if you go there.你如果去那里，需要带一些暖和的衣服。12.Id love to sail across the Pacific.我想横渡太平洋。Unit 8一知识点：短语动词小结常见短语动词结构有下面几种：1.动词+副词 如：give up 放弃 turn off 关掉 stay up 熬夜这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放在短语动词后。2. 动词+介词 如：listen of 听 look at 看 belong to 属于这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。3. 动词+副词+介词 如：come up with 提出，想出run out of 用完，耗尽4. 动词+名词(介词) 如：take part in参加 catch hold of 抓住1.cheer (sb.) up使(某人)高兴、振作 如：cheer me up 使我高兴clean up打扫clean-up n. 打扫2. homeless adj. 无家可归的a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩homen. 家4. sickadj. 生病的作表语、定语illadj. 生病的作表语 ，不能作定语5. volunteer to dov. 志愿效劳、主动贡献volunteern. 志愿者6. come up with提出 想出 = think up 想出catch up with赶上 追上7. put off doing 推迟做某事put on穿上 (指过程)put up张贴8. write down 写下记下9. call up 打电话make a telephone call 打电话10. set up 成立 建立The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。11. each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用12. put to use 把 投入使用，利用They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) studyhelp sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with Englishhelp do帮助做某事help study14. plan to do 计划做某事plan + 从句I plan to go to Beijing. = I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.我计划去北京。15. spend doing 花费做 I spent a day visiting Beijing.我花了一天的时间去参观北京。spend on sth.花费在 I spent 3 years on English.16.not only but (also) 不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分(1)引导以 not only but (also) 开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。因此 Not only do I feel good but (also). 是倒装句。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如：Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best.我不仅能做到而且做得最好。Not onlybut (also) 接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化 也就是就近原则 如：Not only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。常见的就近原则的结构有：Neither nor即不也不 (两者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜欢他。Either or 不是就是 (两者中的一个)Either Lily or you are a student.Not only but (also)There be17. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织)如：join the Party 入党take part in 参加 (指参加活动)如：take part in sports meeting 参加运动会18. run out 与 run out ofrun out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本身就含有被动意义。His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。My patience has completely run out. 我没有一点耐心了。Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。He is always running out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。两者在一定条件下可以互换如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time19.take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像be similar to 与.相像take after 相像look after 照顾take care of 照顾20. work outv. + adj.结局，结果为The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。21. hang out 闲荡 闲逛I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。22. be able to do 能 会be unable to do 不能 不会23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事 如：thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我24. for sure确实如此，毫无疑问You dont have money. Thats for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。25. fill with 使充满用填充She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。26. likeprep. 像27. help sb. out 帮助做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out.我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。28. train n. 火车train v. 训练train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。29. at once = right away 立刻 马上 如：Do it at once. 马上去做。Ill go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。30. one day 有一天 (指将来/过去)some day 有一天(指将来) 如：One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。Some day Ill go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。31. specially adv. 特意地 专门地 特别地special adj. 特别的32. donation n. 捐赠物donate v. 捐赠 赠送33. part of speech词性 词类34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的disable v. 不能35. hand out分发hand out bananasgive out 分发give out sth to sb. 分.给某人give up doing 放弃give up smoking 放弃吸烟give away 赠送 捐赠give away sth. to . give away money to kidsgive sb. sth. 给某人某东西give me money 给我钱give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线36. volunteer可数名词 “志愿者”adj. 自愿的vi. volunteer to do sthThey are the Chinese Peoples Volunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。37. no longer = not any longer指时间上不再延续。no more = not any more指动作上不再延续。二短语1.clean up 清扫2.give out 分发，发放3.cheer up=makehappier 使.高兴，使.振作4.after school study program 课外学习班5.come up with=think up 提出，想出6.put off 推迟7.write down 写下，记下8.put up 张贴9.hand out 分发，发放10.call up 打电话11.ser up=establish 建立12.be home to sb 是某人的家园13.volunteer ones time to do sth 自愿花时间干.14.putto use 把.投入使用15.elementary school 小学16.plan to do sth 计划干.打算干17.coach a football team for kids 训练少年足球队18.start a Chinese History club 开办一个中国史俱乐部19.run out of 用完，耗尽20.take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象21.fix up 修理22.give away 捐赠23.be similar to 与.相似24.ask for 索要25.a call-in center for parents 家长热线26.hang out 闲荡27.put up signs asking for singing jobs 张贴寻求唱歌工作的广告28.run out of money for singing lessons 学唱歌的钱用完了29.disabled people 残疾人30.for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问31.fillwith. 用.填充.be full of 装满了.32.help.out 帮助.做事，解决难题（摆脱困境）33.a specially trained dog 一只经过特殊训练的狗34.train sb to do sth 训练某人干.35.fetch my book 把我的书拿来36.part of speech 词性三句子1We cant put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks fromnow. 我们不能推迟制订计划，清洁日离现在只有两周了。2She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作，使这个爱好得到较好的利用3Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。4The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。7He did a radio interview. 他接受了电台的采访。8We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。9You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。10He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children whodont have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车，并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。Unit91. 被动语态(1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。(2). 被动语态基本结构：be+及物动词的过去分词(如果是不用物动词，其过去分词应带有相应的介词)(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词，有人称、数和时态的变化。一般现在时被动语态为：am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时被动语态为：was/were+ 过去分词与情态动词连用的被动语态：情态动词+ be + 过去分词(4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语，放在句末，by 表示“由，被”的意思如何理解被动语态？为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义，可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。主动语态： 主语+谓语动词+宾语+ 其他成分被动语态： 主语+be +过去分词 +by +宾语+其他成分如：Many peoplespeakEnglish.被动语态 Englishis spokenby many people.2. 本单元要掌握的句型 见课本P69 中的Grammar Focus3. invent v. 发明inventor n. 发明家invention n. 发明 可数名词4. be used for doing用来做(是被动语态) 如：Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。Pens arent used for eating. 笔不是用来吃的。5. 给某人某样东西give sth. to sb.如：I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。give sb. sth.I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。6. all day 整天7. saltyadj. 咸的saltn. 盐8. by mistake 错误地 如：I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿错了雨伞。9. make sb./sth. +形容词 使怎么样It made me happy. 它使我高兴make sb./sth. +名词让做It made me laugh. 它让我发笑10. by accident 意外 偶然I met her by accident at bus stop.我在公共汽车站意外地见到了她。11. notuntil 直到才做 如：I didnt go to bed until I finished my work.我直到完成我的工作才去睡觉。12. according to +名词根据 如：according to an legendaccording to this article根据这篇文章根据一个神话13. over an open fire 野饮14. leafn. 叶子复数形式 leaves15. nearby adj. 附近的如： the nearby river16. fall into 落入 掉进 如：The leaf fell into the river. 叶子落入了河里。fall down 摔倒如：She fell down from her bike.她从她自行车摔倒了。17. quite 非常 adv.与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的后面如：quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩very 非常 adv. 与冠词a连用时，冠词a必须放在它的前面如：a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮女孩注：当不与冠词a 连用时，两者可以互用 如：I am very happy.= I am quite happy. 我非常高兴。18. in the way 这样19. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快pleasant adj. 愉快 高兴 指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快please v. 使高兴 使同意20. batteryoperatedadj. 电池控制的是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词21. in the sixth century 在第6世纪22. travel around 周游23. more than = over 超过 如：more than 300 = over 300 超过30024. includingprep. 介词包括可以与名词和动名词连用如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 6个人包括一个小孩受伤了。25. have been played 被上演是现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态的结构：have /has been +过去分词26. be born 出生He was born in Canada. 他在加拿大出生27. safety n. 安全 safe adj. 安全的28. knock into 撞上(某人)29. divide sth. into 将划分成.通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 如：Lets divide ourselves into 4groups. 让我们把我们自己划成4组。30. since then 自从那以后常与完成时 态连用 如：Since then, I have left Beijing. 自从那以后，我已经离开了北京。Unit101. 过去完成时(1) 构成：由助动词had + 过去分词 构成否定式：had not + 过去分词缩写形式：hadnt(2) 用法:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。(3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。When I got there, you had already eaten you meal. 当我到达那里时，你已经开始了。By the time he got here, the bus had left. 到他到达这里时，汽车已经离开了2. by the time 直到时候指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间如：By the time we got to his house, he had finished supper.在我们到达他就已经吃完了晚饭。3. 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点 ,而不是forget+地点 如：Unluckily, I left my book at home不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。4. closev. 关adv. 接近地 靠近地closedadj. 关的5. come out 出来6. on time 按时 准时 既不早也不迟in time 及时 指在时限到来之前7. luckily adv. 幸运地lucky adj. 幸运的 luck n. 好运8. give sb. a ride 让某搭便车如：He often gives me a ride to school. 他经常让我搭便车去学校。9.only just 刚刚好、恰好10. go off(闹钟)闹响The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了。11. break down 坏掉12. fooln. 傻子 呆子v. 愚弄 欺骗 如：He is a fool. 他是一个呆子。We cant fool our teach. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。(动词)13. show up 出现 出席 She didnt show up last night. 昨晚她没有出现14. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某做事 如：My friend invited me to watch TV. 我的朋友邀请我看电视。15. set off 激起 出发 set up 建立16. so that 如此以致于引导结果状语从句，so后面接形容词、副词.so that作“为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词，作结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用情态动词 。如：She got up early so that she could catch the bus.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)She was so sad that she couldnt say a word.她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。(结果状语从句)17. flee from 从逃跑 避开 如：They fled from their home.他们从他们的家里逃了出来。18. thrill v . 使人非常激动，使人非常紧张thrilledadj. 指某人感到激动或感到紧张thrillingadj. 指某事物使人心情激动19. get married 结婚20. convince v. 使信服convincing adj. 令人信服的21. land v. 着落22. be late for 迟到23. a piece of 一片/块/张 如： a piece of paper/ bread 一张纸/ 一块面包重点短语：1.到时候by the time +(句子)从过去某一点到从句所示时间为止的一段时间,即从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时。2.(闹钟)闹响go off3.跑掉;迅速离开run off4.损坏break down(突然)中断break off5.(在)愚人节(on) April Fools Day6.激起;引 起set off7.一片,一块a piece of8.按时on time 及时in timeSection A1.从离开去leave (from)for 把某物遗忘在某地leave sth. +介宾短语(表地点的)忘记某人/某事forget sb /sth.忘记去作forget to do 忘记已作了forget doing 2.在洗沐浴get in the shower3.开始作start/begin to do (前后不同的事)start/begin doing (前后相同的事)4.我上学从未迟到,但昨天我差点迟到.I ve never been late for school ,but yesterday I came very close.5.等待(某人)作wait (for sb )to do 6.出来;开花come out 实现come ture 从旁而过come by 来自come/befrom7.我必须抓紧了.I had to really rush.8.飞快冲了个 澡take/have a quick shower9.给/让某人搭便车give/getsb. a ride =give /get a ride to sb.10.我恰好赶上上课.I only just made it to my class.(此时,指约定之意)SectionB1.给某人穿衣服dress sb.穿()衣服 be /get dressed (in +衣服)化装;打扮dress up2.熬夜stay /sit up (late)3.给某人看某物show sb .sth.=show sth .to sb.带某人参观show sb.around sth.卖弄show off出席,露面show up展览be on show =be on display4.化妆舞会a costume party5.在地球着陆land on the earth6.由演员奥森威尔斯主 持的广播节目a radio program by actor Orsom Welles7.遍及全国across the whole country =all over the whole country8.从逃跑;避开flee from=run away from(flee过去式为fled )9.将有the re will be .(一般将来时)there would be (过去将来时)10.买尽可能多的意大利面条buy as much spaghetti as they could /possible11.让某人嫁过某人ask sb .to marry sb.结婚get married和结婚 get /be married with =marry 12.停止作stop doing 停下某事来作stop to do 13.在开学 第一天on the first day of school14.(向某人)打招呼say hello (to sb.)15.醒来wake up叫醒来wake sb. up16. 有一个很愉快的结局have a very happy ending17.失去了他的女朋友和他的观众lose both his girlfriend and his show
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