2022-2023年考博英语-安徽大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第8期

2022-2023年考博英语-安徽大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题If（ ）to heavy pressure, cast iron will crack.问题1选项A.subjectingB.being subjectedC.subjectedD.having subjected【答案】C【解析】考查条件句的主语省略。当条件句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省略主语。主句里面的主语是cast iron“铸铁”，条件句省略了主语cast iron，压力是由铸铁来承受的，因此应该使用subject的过去分词。句意：如果承受重大压力，铸铁也会断裂。完整版本应是If its subjected to heavy pressure, cast iron will crack. 因此C选项符合题意。2. 单选题During their first teaching training year, the students often visited local school for the（ ）of lessons.问题1选项A.observationB.investigationC.inspectionD.examination【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项observation“观察，监视”；B选项investigation“调查；研究”；C选项inspection“检查；视察”；D选项examination“检查；考试”。句意：在他们教师培训的第一年，学生们会经常去当地学校课程。根据句中teaching training教师培训，学生身份会与认真观察这一名词更加相配，examination主要是为减少错误而进行检查。故选A。3. 单选题People will insist that watching TV（ ）childrens imaginations.问题1选项A.blundersB.bluntsC.blushesD.blends【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项blunders“犯大错；误入某地”；B选项blunts“减弱；使迟钝”；C选项blushes“脸红；感到羞愧”；D选项blends“使混合；使交融”。句意：人们会坚持说看电视了儿童的想象力。前因是watching TV“看电视”；后果是阻碍了childrens imaginations“儿童的想象力”。在所有选项中只有blunt有减弱，使迟钝的意思。因此B选项符合题意。4. 单选题Studies of the effect that makes many of us slumber or feel sleepy during the queens Speech on Christmas Day have revealed that changes may be required in Britains drink drive legislation.Dr. James Horne, director of the Sleep Research Laboratory at Loughborough University, is investigating pose-lunch sleepiness. “We humans are designed to sleep twice a day, once at night and a short nap after lunch, but in this part of the world we tend to repress that.”It is a remnant of the same primeval programming that makes all animals in the bush rest in the hot afternoon sun to conserve energy.“Hot environments make it worse and many cultures living near the equator”, says Dr. Home, “have conceded to the inevitable, where the afternoon siesta is the way of life.”In this study Dr. Home has been investigating the role of alcohol. “The theory is that if you are more sleepy after lunch then it figures that alcohol will be more potent after lunch. One would figure then that a pint of beer at lunchtime has more effect than in the evening, when people are more alert. Indeed, we find that it has about twice the effect.”This has more sinister implications. “If people take alcohol up to the legal driving limit, their performance is seriously impaired after lunch.” He said.It seems that alcohol interacts with the circadian rhythm of sleep to cause afternoon sleepiness, so that one pint at lunch-time is equivalent, in effect, to a quart in the evening.“For this reason most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunchtime and the legal blood alcohol limit is no guide to safe driving here.” said Dr. Horne.For those who wish to enjoy the Queens speech, Dr. Home recommends mild exercise, a splash of cold air or cold water on the face, or a cup of coffee. Otherwise, take a cat nap. But this should be less than 15 minutes. “Otherwise, sleep really sets in and one can wake up feeling very groggy and far sleepier than to be in with.”26. It is implied that British people （ ）.27.（ ）take a rest in the hot afternoon sun.28. Most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunch time because（ ）.29. According to the passage, if you sleep more than 15 minutes after lunch,（ ）.30. It can be inferred that（ ）.问题1选项A.like to take a short nap after lunchB.dont take a short nap after lunchC.dont feel sleepy after lunchD.like to sleep twice a day问题2选项A.All animals in the bushB.The remnant of the same primeval programmingC.The same primeval programmingD.All animals in the world问题3选项A.alcohol will be less potent after lunchB.a pint of beer at lunchtime is equivalent to a quart in the evening, it cause afternoon sleepinessC.people are more alert at lunchtimeD.it is not legal to drink at lunchtime问题4选项A.you will be refreshedB.you will be waken upC.you will feel far sleepierD.you will take a cat nap问题5选项A.People are not allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the eveningB.People are still allowed to drive after they drink one quarter in the eveningC.People are still allowed to drive after they drink out pint at lunch-timeD.None【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A【解析】26. 推理判断题。定位在第二段的最后一句We humans are designed to sleep twice a day, once at night and a short nap after lunch, but in this part of the world we tend to repress that.（我们人类应该每天睡两次，一次在晚上，一次在午餐后小睡片刻，但在这个世界的一部分地方，我们倾向于克制午睡。）以及最后一段的段首For those who wish to enjoy the Queens speech, Dr. Home recommends mild exercise, a splash of cold air or cold water on the face, or a cup of coffee. Otherwise, take a cat nap.（对于那些认真收听女王演讲的人，霍姆医生建议进行适当的运动，在脸上喷点凉风或冷水，或者喝杯咖啡。否则，就打个盹吧。）由此可以推理出午睡是英国人实在没有办法克服睡意后，才会进行的事情。因此A选项“喜欢午饭后小睡一会儿”不符合题意，可排除。同理可排除D选项“喜欢一天睡两次”，B选项“午饭后不会小睡”符合题意，正确。C选项“午饭后不会觉得困”，原文中说到It is a remnant of the same primeval programming that makes all animals in the bush rest in the hot afternoon sun to conserve energy.（它是一种原始程序的残余物，与使灌木丛里的所有动物会在炎热的午后阳光下休息来保存能量是一样的道理。），可以知道在午后有睡意是人之常情。由此可知C选项是错误的。故选B。27. 客观事实题。定位到原文It is a remnant of the same primeval programming that makes all animals in the bush rest in the hot afternoon sun to conserve energy.（它是一种原始程序的残余物，与使灌木丛里的所有动物会在炎热的午后阳光下休息来保存能量是一样的道理。）由此可知会在炎热午后阳光下休息的是灌木丛里的所有动物。因此A选项“所有在灌木丛里的动物”，符合题意，正确。B选项“同一种原始程序的残余”这是对灌木丛里所有动物会在午后阳光下休息的解释。C选项“同样的原始程序”，D选项“世界上所有的动物”。B，C，D选项均不符合题意，故选A。28. 推理判断题。定位在文中的第七段It seems that alcohol interacts with the circadian rhythm of sleep to cause afternoon sleepiness, so that one pint at lunch-time is equivalent, in effect, to a quart in the evening.（似乎酒精与睡眠的昼夜节律相互作用，导致下午犯困，以至于午餐时间的一品脱的量相当于晚上的一夸脱的量。）可以推论出午后饮酒会让人更加容易犯困。A选项“午餐后酒精效果不强”，表述错误。B选项“午餐时间喝一品脱啤酒相当于晚上喝一夸脱啤酒，这会导致下午犯困”符合题意，正确。C选项“人们在午餐时间更警觉”与题意无关，可排除。D选项“在午餐时间饮酒是不合法的”定位到原文的第八段For this reason most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunchtime and the legal blood alcohol limit is no guide to safe driving here.（出于这个原因，大多数司机在午餐时间根本不应该喝酒，并且合法的血液酒精含量限制并不是安全驾驶的指南。）午餐后喝酒并不违法，只是超过合法的血液酒精含量行驶会不安全，干扰项可排除。故选B。29. 客观细节题。定位在文章中的最后一句But this should be less than 15 minutes. “Otherwise, sleep really sets in and one can wake up feeling very groggy and far sleepier than to be in with.”（但这应该不到15分钟。否则，睡意真的就到来了，当你醒来时会感到非常昏昏欲睡，比你刚开始更困。）由此可以推出当一个人午休时长超过15分钟后，会更疲惫，睡意更浓。因此C选项“你会觉得更困”符合题意，正确。A选项“你会精神焕发”，B选项“你会被唤醒”，D选项“你会小憩一下”。A，B，D选项与题意不符。故选C。30. 推理判断题。定位在文中第七段It seems that alcohol interacts with the circadian rhythm of sleep to cause afternoon sleepiness, so that one pint at lunch-time is equivalent, in effect, to a quart in the evening.（似乎酒精与睡眠的昼夜节律相互作用，导致下午犯困，以至于午餐时间的一品脱的量相当于晚上的一夸脱的量。）第八段第一句For this reason most drivers ought not to drink at all at lunchtime（正因为如此，大多数司机在午餐时间根本不应该喝酒）。由此可推论出午餐时间是不能喝酒的，由此可以排除C选项“人们在午餐时间喝完酒后仍然可以开车”。A选项“在晚上喝了一夸脱的酒后是不允许开车的”，不允许开车的饮酒量是午餐后的一品脱与晚餐后的一夸脱。同理可推论出晚餐喝了一夸脱酒后是不允许开车的。故A选项符合题意，正确。同理可排除B选项“在晚上喝了一夸脱的酒后开车仍是被允许的”。D选项“无”，按照句意我们推理出了晚上喝酒量达到一夸脱也是不允许开车的，可排除。故选A。5. 单选题More than 20 years after the mysterious disappearance of her newly-wed husband, Rose was still haunted by the（ ）memories of their happy days together.问题1选项A.poisonousB.passiveC.poignantD.pessimistic【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项poisonous“有毒的；恶毒的”；B选项passive“被动的；消极的”；C选项poignant“深刻的；辛酸的”；D选项pessimistic“悲观的”。句意：在新婚丈夫神秘失踪后的二十多年里，罗斯一直沉浸于他们在一起的快乐时光的回忆中。时间已经过去二十多年了，对一个人的印象慢慢会变得不再那么具体生动，往往只能记住印象最深刻的瞬间。因此C选项符合题意。6. 单选题Since there was no place to take shelter, we got（ ）in the sudden downpour in no time.问题1选项A.stainedB.soakedC.sprayedD.sticky【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项stained“玷污的”；C选项sprayed“被喷成雾状的”；D选项sticky“粘性的”。句意：由于没有地方躲避，我们立即被突然而至的倾盆大雨了。可根据关键词downpour倾盆大雨，和前面的no place进行联想猜测。B选项soaked“湿透的”更符合语境。故选B。7. 单选题Jane Goodall spent decades in the wild（ ）chimpanzees, much of the time all by herself.问题1选项A.observingB.to observeC.observedD.to be observed【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。sb. spend time/money on sth/in doing sth.，其中in可以省略。因此空格内应填入动词的ing形式。句意：珍古德花了数十年在野外观察黑猩猩，大多时间都是独处。因此A选项符合题意。8. 单选题Would you please（ ）on your second point?问题1选项A.indicateB.elaborateC.precedeD.count【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项indicate“表明；指出”；B选项elaborate“精心制作；详细阐述”；C选项precede“领先；高于”；D选项count“认为；算数”。句意：能不能对你的第二个要点进行？对第二个要点还没有领会理解，需要进一步做解释。因此B选项符合题意。9. 单选题Mary is so（ ）that she will believe anything you tell her.问题1选项A.credulousB.believableC.trustworthyD.sophisticated【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项credulous“轻信的；因轻信而产生的”；believable“可信的”；trustworthy“可靠的；可信赖的”；sophisticated“复杂的；精致的；久经世故的”。句意：玛丽如此，以至于她会相信任何告诉她的事。词组so that“如此以至于”由后半句她会相信你和她说的任何事情，显然易见她是轻信他人的，故选A。10. 单选题Things have really changed. Not only is the military standing tall again, it is staging a remarkable comeback in the quantity and quality of the recruits it is attracting. Recruiters, once denounced by antiwar students as “baby killers” and barred from campuses, are welcomed ever at elite universities. ROTC (Reserve Officers Training Corps) programs that faltered during the Viet Nam era, when protesters were firebombing their headquarters, are flourishing again. The military academies are enjoying a steady increase in applications.Certainly, the depressed economy has increased the allure of the jobs, technical training and generous student loans offered by the military. Students know that if they go in and become, say, nuclear weapons specialists, they can come out and demand a salary of $60,000 a year. Military salaries, while not always competitive with those paid for comparable jobs in the private sector, are more than respectable, especially considering the wide array of benefits that are available, free medical service, room and board, and PX (Post Exchange) privileges. Monthly pay for a recruit is $574; for a sergeant with four years services it is $906; for a major with ten years service it is $2,305. The services slick $175 million-a-year advertising campaign promising adventure and fulfillment has helped win over the TV generation. Kids are walking down the school hallways chanting Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, just like in the commercials. And many military officials feel that the key difference is the enhanced patriotism among the nations youth. There is a return to the view that the military is an honorable profession. The days of a judge telling a miscreant to join the Army or go to jail are over. Recruiting for all four services combined is running at 101% of authorized goals. And the retention rate is now so high, that the services are refusing some re-enlistment applications and reducing annual recruiting target.The military academics are also enjoying prosperous years, attracting more and better-qualified students. Compared to private colleges, where tuition and expenses have been climbing sharply, the service schools are a real bargain not only is tuition free, but recruits get allowances of up to $500 a mouth. It is reported 12,300 applicants are for the 1,450 positions in this years freshman class. Military academies are now just as selective as any of the best universities in the country.Nationwide, ROTC enrollment exceeds 105,000, a 64% increase over the 1974 figure. In the mid 70s, the ROTC students refused to wear their uniforms on campus because they suffered all sorts of ridicule if they did. Now if they wear them to class no one looks at them twice. To them, Viet Nam is ancient history, something the old folks talk about.31. What is the main idea of this passage?32. What was the attitude of the students in 1970s towards the military?33. The phrase “come out” is closest in meaning to（ ）.34. Which one of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason to attract students?35. According to the ending paragraph what are students attitude toward their classmates wearing uniforms to class?问题1选项A.The Military is inB.The Military is outC.The Military is downD.The Military is on问题2选项A.ApprovalB.IndifferenceC.DistasteD.Admiration问题3选项A.“become visible”B.“begin to grow”C.“be made public”D.“graduate from college”问题4选项A.Free tuitionB.Spacious roomC.Considerable allowanceD.Technical training问题5选项A.They are infuriatedB.They want to follow suitC.They think them strangeD.They take it for granted【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D【解析】31. 主旨大意题。定位在第一段Not only is the military standing tall again, it is staging a remarkable comeback in the quantity and quality of the recruits it is attracting.（军队形象不仅高大，招收新兵的质量和数量明显得到恢复。）说明军队回到了原来有魅力的时刻了，又开始变得流行起来了。因此A选项“军队又流行了”符合题意，正确。B选项“军队过时了”，C选项“军队垮了”，D选项“军队开始了”，B，C，D选项均不符合题意，可排除。故选A。32. 客观细节题。定位在最后一段的第二句In the mid 70s, the ROTC students refused to wear their uniforms on campus because they suffered all sorts of ridicule if they did.（70年代中期，后备军官训练队的学生拒绝在校园里穿制服，因为如果穿了，他们会遭到各种嘲笑。）由此可知那时候学生对于军队是特别不喜欢的。因此C选项“厌恶”正确，符合题意。A选项“认可”，B选项“冷漠；不关心”，D选项“钦佩；赞赏”均不符合题意。故选C。33. 词义推测题。由关键词定位到文章第二段Students know that if they go in and become, say, nuclear weapons specialists, they can come out and demand a salary of $60,000 a year.（学生们知道，要是进入军队，当上核武器专家，他们就能出来并可要求6万美元年薪。）学生们是需要先进入军队学习后，当上了核武器专家，那么从军队出来后对年薪可提出要求。因此地点应该定位军校，从军校出来即学成毕业。因此D选项“从大学毕业”，符合题意，正确。A选项“成为可见的”，B选项“开始生长”，C选项“使公开”，均不符合题意。故选D。34. 客观细节题。定位到第二段Certainly, the depressed economy has increased the allure of the jobs, technical training and generous student loans offered by the military.（可以肯定的是，低迷的经济增加了军队提供的工作、技术培训和慷慨的学生贷款的吸引力。）Military salaries, while not always competitive with those paid for comparable jobs in the private sector, are more than respectable, especially considering the wide array of benefits that are available, free medical service, room and board, and PX (Post Exchange) privileges.（军队薪资尽管比不上私人公司中类似工作的工资，但已经很可观了，尤其考虑到军队里有一系列的福利待遇，如免费医疗，膳宿，军人消费合作社特惠等。）和第三段的Compared to private colleges, where tuition and expenses have been climbing sharply, the service schools are a real bargain not only is tuition free, but recruits get allowances of up to $500 a mouth.（私立大学里，学费和各类费用一直急剧上升，相比之下，上军事院校确实便宜，不仅学费全免，新生每月还可拿500美元的补贴。）可知军队吸引学生的原因包含A选项“免学费”，C选项“可观的津贴”和D选项“技术培训”，B选项“宽敞的房间”并未提及。故选B。35. 客观细节题。定位到最后一段Now if they wear them to class no one looks at them twice.（现在如果他们穿着去上课，没人会多看一眼。）说明现在穿制服去上课，已经是很普遍的事情了。因此D选项“他们认为这是理所当然的”正确，符合题意。A选项“他们被激怒了”，B选项“他们想效仿”，C选项“他们觉得他们很奇怪”，均不符合题意，故选D。11. 单选题（ ）, although he had done nothing to be proud of, John began to swell out his chest and show off.问题1选项A.FavoredB.FrustratedC.FraudedD.Flattered【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项Favored“支持；偏袒”；B选项Frustrated“挫败；阻挠”；C选项Frauded“作假”；D选项Flattered“奉承；恭维”。句意：当他被的时候，尽管并没有做出什么值得骄傲的事情，约翰仍然开始挺胸炫耀。根据关键信息nothing to be proud of“没什么值得骄傲的地方”，但他的反应却是show off“炫耀的”，由此可知，约翰是被人奉承了。因此D选项符合题意。12. 单选题Diana could hardly believe her eyes when she saw in the mirror how pretty she was in that（ ）dress.问题1选项A.deliberateB.tentativeC.ingeniousD.exquisite【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项deliberate“故意的”；B选项tentative“试验性的，暂定的”；C选项ingenious“新颖的，灵巧的”。D选项exquisite“精致的”。句意：当在镜子里看到她穿着那件的裙子是多么的漂亮时，戴安娜不敢相信自己的眼睛。空格后dress“裙子”为名词，因此需要填入一个形容词进行修饰。根据后面的提示how pretty she was“她是多么的漂亮”，由此可知她穿了一条精美的裙子。因此D选项符合题意。13. 单选题Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student.（46）a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the（47）in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The（48）student is considered to be（49）who is motivated to learn for the sake of（50）, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned（51）brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is（52）for learning the material assigned. When research is（53）, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with（54）guidance. It is the（55）responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain（56）a university library works; they expect students,（57）graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference（58）in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but（59）that their students should not be（60）dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties（61）teaching, such as administrative or research work（62）, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is（63）. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either（64）a professor during office hours（65）make an appointment.问题1选项A.IfB.AlthoughC.BecauseD.Since问题2选项A.suggestionB.contextC.abstractD.information问题3选项A.poorB.idealC.averageD.disappointed问题4选项A.suchB.oneC.anyD.some问题5选项A.funB.workC.learningD.prize问题6选项A.byB.inC.forD.with问题7选项A.criticizedB.innocentC.responsibleD.dismissed问题8选项A.collectedB.distributedC.assignedD.finished问题9选项A.maximumB.minimumC.possibleD.practical问题10选项A.studentsB.professorsC.assistantsD.librarians问题11选项A.whenB.whatC.whyD.how问题12选项A.particularlyB.essentiallyC.obviouslyD.rarely问题13选项A.selectionsB.collectionsC.sourcesD.origins问题14选项A.hateB.dislikeC.likeD.prefer问题15选项A.tooB.suchC.muchD.more问题16选项A.butB.exceptC.withD.beside问题17选项A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.Nevertheless问题18选项A.plentifulB.limitedC.irregularD.flexible问题19选项A.greetB.annoyC.approachD.attach问题20选项A.orB.andC.toD.but【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:C第6题:D第7题:C第8题:C第9题:B第10题:A第11题:D第12题:A第13题:C第14题:D第15题:A第16题:D第17题:B第18题:B第19题:C第20题:A【解析】46. 考查连词辨析。A选项If“假如；如果”；B选项Although“虽然”；C选项Because“因为”；D选项Since“自以来；因为”。句意：老师会给学生一个长篇的阅读任务，即使它们在课堂上不做讨论或纳入考试范围内，老师也希望学生熟读。本句是先给出了一个假设，因此A选项符合题意。47. 考查名词辨析。A选项suggestion“建议”；B选项context“背景；上下文”；C选项abstract“摘要”；D选项“信息”。句意：教师希望学生熟悉文章中的，即使它们在课堂上不做讨论或纳入考试范围内。关键词in the reading“文章里的”，B，C都是写在章节目录前的,故可排除，后半句即使它们不在课堂上讨论或纳入考试中，可知老师希望学生能够对所读文章的内容了如指掌，不放过任何一个细节。因此D选项符合题意。48. 考查形容词辨析。A选项poor“贫穷的；可怜的”；B选项ideal“理想的；完美的”；C选项average“平均的；普通的”；D选项disappointed“失望的；沮丧的”。句意：一个学生被认为是有学习的动力的。空格前的修饰词应该是赞赏类的，因此B选项符合题意。49. 考查代词辨析。A选项such“这样的”；B选项one“任何人”；C选项any“任何人”；D选项some“一些；某些”。空格后接定语从句，我们可以知道空格前指代的是人，也就是前面所说的学生。四个代词中，one可以替代具体的“一个人”或“一件事物”，避免重复，因此B选项符合题意。50. 考查名词辨析。A选项fun“乐趣；玩笑”；B选项work“工作”；C选项learning“学习”；D选项prize“奖品；奖赏”。句意：理想的学生被认为是为了而学习的人，而不是只对得到高分感兴趣的人。根据句意来看，侧重于从学习本身出发而进行学习的学习，并不是为了得到高分而学习的人。因此C选项符合题意。51. 考查介词辨析。A选项by“通过，借由”；B选项in“在里面”；C选项for“为了；给”；D选项with“用；具有”。句意：有时家庭作业只会有简短的书面评论，但没有分数。只有D选项with有“携带、具有”的含义。因此D选项符合题意。52. 考查固定搭配。A选项criticized“受批评的”；B选项innocent“清白的；无辜的”；C选项responsible“有责任的”；D选项dismissed“解雇的；解散的”。句意：即使没有给出分数，学生也有责任学习布置的材料。固定搭配be responsible for“对有责任”，因此C选项符合题意。53. 考查动词辨析。A选项collected“收集；收藏”；B选项distributed“分配；散布”；C选项assigned“分配；指派”；D选项finished“完成；结束”。句意：当研究任务时，教授希望学生积极地去做。根据句意可理解到教授下发研究任务，学生去完成。 B，C选项都有分配的意思，distribute侧重于将物体从一个地方发放到别处去，也有分销的含义；而assign强调分配任务、工作，更符合题意。故选C。54. 考查形容词辨析。A选项maximum“最高的；最多的”；B选项minimum“最小的；最低的”；C选项possible“可能的”；D选项practical“实际的”。句意：当研究任务分配后，教授希望学生积极主动地接受它，并在指导下完成它。希望学生积极主动地行动起来，即希望学生能够更多地靠自己的能力去完成。因此B选项符合题意。55. 考查逻辑关系。A选项students“学生的”；B选项professors“教授的”；C选项assistants“助手的”；D选项librarians“图书管理员的”。句意：在图书馆找书、杂志和文章是的责任。前面说到下发任务后，教授们希望学生们积极主动的完成。根据逻辑关系，下发任务后的一些资料查找需要学生去寻找查阅。故选A。56. 考查副词辨析。A选项when“什么时候”；B选项what“什么”；C选项why“为什么”；D选项how“怎样；如何”。句意：教授没有时间解释大学图书馆是运作的。根据关键词works“运作；起作用”，可以更加直白的说教授没时间解释大学图书馆如何发挥作用。因此D选项符合题意。57. 考查副词辨析。A选项parti