考研考博-考博英语-天津师范大学模拟考试题含答案34

考研考博-考博英语-天津师范大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题We hope the students would （ ）the information contained in the lecture.问题1选项A.associateB.understandC.assimilateD.assess【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。associate意为“联系”；understand意为“理解”；assimilate意为“吸收， 消化”；assess意为“评定”。句意：我们希望学生们能掌握讲座中保护的信息。2. 单选题Scientists have found that scents （ ）efficiency and reduce stress among office workers.问题1选项A.enhanceB.amplifyC.fosterD.magnify【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。enhance意为“提高，增加”；amplify意为“放大，扩大”；foster意为“培养”；magnify意为“放大”。句意：科学家们发现，气味能提高办公室职员的效率，减轻他们的压力。3. 单选题（ ） the precise qualities of the hero in literary works may vary over time, basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.问题1选项A.WhateverB.In spite ofC.Even thoughD.Regardless【答案】C【解析】考查让步状语从句。分析句子，可知逗号后面的为主句，逗号前面的从句主谓完整，缺少一个连接副词连接句子，whatever在句中可作主语与宾语，从句中的谓语动词may vary后面不需要接宾语了，因此用Even though。in spite of后面接的是名词或者动名词，不跟从句；regardless后面不接句子。句意：尽管文学作品中主人公的精湛品质可能随着时间的推移而变化，但英雄的基本模范作用似乎保持不变。4. 单选题Britains press is unusual（ ）it is divided into two very different types of newspaper.问题1选项A.in howB.in whatC.in whichD.in that【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。空格前面为两个完整的句子，缺少连词连接，in that意为“因为，原因是”，引导原因状语从句。句意：英国的印刷业与众不同，因为它被分成两种不同类型的报纸。5. 单选题Hurricanes are killer winds, and their （ ）power lies in the physical damage they can do.问题1选项A.cumulativeB.destructiveC.turbulentD.prevalent【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。cumulative意为“累积的”；destructive意为“破坏性的”；turbulent意为“骚乱的，混乱的”；prevalent意为“流行的，盛行的”。句意：飓风是致命风，它们的破坏性力量在于它们所能造成的身体伤害。6. 单选题The government gave a very（ ）explanation of its plans for industrial development.问题1选项A.understandingB.comprehensiveC.compulsoryD.sophisticated【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。understanding意为“善解人意的，富有同情心的”；comprehensive意为“详尽的，综合性的，全部的”；compulsory意为“必须做的，强制性的”；sophisticated意为“复杂的”。句意：政府给出了一个对其工业发展计划十分全面的解释。7. 单选题The real friend is the one who comes to the （ ）in your hour of need; who is there with comfort in adversity and who shares with you his own success.问题1选项A.attentionB.stageC.pointD.rescue【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。attention意为“注意”；stage意为“阶段”；point意为“论点，观点”；rescue意为“救援，营救”。句意：真正的朋友是在你需要的时候来帮助你，在逆境中给你安慰，与你分享他成功的人。8. 单选题Access to affordable and reliable energy supplies is a necessary （ ）to economic development and poverty reduction.问题1选项A.facilityB.premiumC.prerequisiteD.feasibility【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。facility意为“设备”；premium意为“额外费用”；prerequisite意为“先决条件，前提，必要条件”；feasibility意为“可行性”。句意：获得负担得起、可靠的能源供应是经济发展和贫困减少的必要先决条件。9. 单选题English once a highly inflected language though never so infected as Latin or Greek or many American Indian languages is now largely （ ）.问题1选项A.reflectedB.uninflectedC.inflectedD.homogeneous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。reflected意为“反射的”；uninflected意为“无屈折变化的，无屈折的”； inflected意为“屈折变化的”；homogeneous意为“同性质的，同类的”。句意：英语曾经是一种高度屈折变化的语言尽管从未像拉丁语、希腊语或许多美国印第安语那样屈折变化现在很大程度上是无屈折变化的。10. 单选题Which of the following sentences expresses probability?问题1选项A.You must leave immediately.B.You must be feeling rather tired.C.You must be here by eight oclock.D.You must complete reading assignment on time.【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。题干：下面哪个句子表达“可能性”？must作情态动词，可以表示命令或推测。B选项表示推测，其他选项表示命令。11. 单选题What you overheard that day did have something to do with Martin （ ）.问题1选项A.in a wayB.in the wayC.on the wayD.out of the way【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。in a way意为“在某种程度上”；in the way意为“妨碍”；on the way意为“在途中，接近”；out of the way意为“偏远”。句意：你那天无意中听到的事确实与马丁在某种程度上有关。12. 单选题The world of education is currently undergoing a massive transformation as a result of the digital revolution. This transformation is similar to the transition from apprenticeship to universal schooling that occurred in the 19th century as a result of the industrial revolution. In the apprenticeship era, most of what people learned occurred outside of school. Universal schooling led people to identify learning with school, but now the identification of the two is unraveling.All around us people are learning with the aid of new technologies: children are playing complex video games, workers are interacting with simulations that put them in challenging situations, students are taking courses at online high schools and colleges, and adults are consulting Wikipedia. New technologies create learning opportunities that challenge traditional schools and colleges. These new learning niches enable people of all ages to pursue learning on their own terms. People around the world are taking their education out of school into homes, libraries, Internet cafes and workplaces, where they can decide what they want to learn, when they want to learn, and how they want to learn.Who will benefit ultimately from this revolution? In America there is a commercial push to sell educational products to consumers who are looking for an edge up in the race for success. This means that technological products and services are popping up all over the American landscape. Education, once viewed as a public good with equal access for all, is now up for sale to those who can afford specialized services and computer programs. We think schools have served America and the world very well. We greatly admire the teachers who have dedicated themselves to helping children from different backgrounds to learn and thrive in a changing world. Schools have made invaluable contributions to the worlds development and we think they will continue to do so well into the future.However, we think it is time that educators and policy makers start to rethink education apart from schooling. Education is a lifelong enterprise, while schooling for most encompasses only ages five to 18 or 21. Even when students are in school much of their education happens outside of school. We all know that technology has transformed our larger society. It has become central to peoples reading, writing, calculating, and thinking, which are the major concerns of schooling. And yet technology has been kept in the periphery of schools, used for the most part only in specialized courses.The central challenge is whether our current schools will be able to adapt and incorporate the new power of technology-driven learning for the next generation of public schooling. If schools cannot successfully integrate new technologies into what it means to be a school, then the long identification of schooling with education, developed over the past 150 years, will dissolve into a world where wealthier students pursue their learning outside of the public school.1.What caused the emergence of universal schooling in the 19th century?2.What can we learn from the 2nd paragraph about the authors view on new technologies?3.According to the author, the digital revolution is beneficial for （ ）.4.The word periphery in the 4 paragraph probably means（ ）.5.The authors purpose in writing this passage is（ ）.问题1选项A.the digital revolutionB.the industrial revolutionC.the learners identificationD.the new approach to education问题2选项A.The online education would replace the traditional colleges.B.The leading position of universities and schools might be under threat.C.The computer simulation could provide workers with more opportunities.D.The learning strategies and styles would be decided by new technologies.问题3选项A.the teachers in schools and collegesB.the business men striving for successC.the students outside schools and collegesD.the better-off purchasing educational products问题4选项A.the outside boundaryB.the special sitesC.the inner circleD.the related department问题5选项A.to present the power of new technologiesB.to describe the transformation of learning approachC.to advocate the reform of education in the age of technologyD.to analyze the integration of new technologies into schooling【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中This transformation is similar to the transition from apprenticeship to universal schooling that occurred in the 19th century as a result of the industrial revolution.（这种转变类似于19世纪工业革命后从学徒制向普及教育的转变）可知选B。第2题:观点态度题。由文章第二段中New technologies create learning opportunities that challenge traditional schools and colleges.（新技术创造了挑战传统学校和大学的学习机会）可知B选项“大学和学校的领导地位可能受到威胁”符合题意。第3题:推理判断题。由文章第三段中Education, once viewed as a public good with equal access for all, is now up for sale to those who can afford specialized services and computer programs.（教育曾经被视为人人享有平等机会的公共利益，现在出售给那些能够负担得起专门服务和计算机程序的人）可知选D，作者认为，数字革命有利于较富裕的人购买教育产品。第4题:词义题。the outside boundary意为“外界”；the special sites意为“特殊地点”；the inner circle意为“核心集团，内圈”；the related department意为“相关部门”。由And yet technology has been kept in the periphery of schools, used for the most part only in specialized courses.（然而，技术一直保存在学校的外围，大部分只在专业课程中使用）可知选A。第5题:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了数字革命给教育带来的改革，学校教育受到挑战。由最后一段中If schools cannot successfully integrate new technologies into what it means to be a school, then the long identification of schooling with education, developed over the past 150 years, will dissolve into a world where wealthier students pursue their learning outside of the public school.（如果学校不能成功地将新技术融入学校教育，那么过去150年来发展起来的对学校教育的长期认同就会消失。将进入一个富裕的学生在公立学校之外继续学习的世界）可知作者写这篇文章的目的是倡导科技时代的教育改革，因此选C。13. 单选题The （ ）of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can succeed in understanding the universe.问题1选项A.essenceB.textureC.contentD.threshold【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。essence意为“本质，实质”；texture意为“质地”；content意为“内容”；threshold意为“门槛，入口，开始”。句意：科学态度的本质是人类的头脑能够成功地理解宇宙。14. 单选题If Walker becomes governor, he is going to （ ）the sales tax in our state.问题1选项A.abolishB.abstainC.abscondD.absent【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。abolish意为“废除，废止”；abstain意为“戒（尤指酒），戒除”； abscond意为“（尤指逃避逮捕）潜逃，逃跑”；absent意为“缺席的，不在场的”。句意：如果沃克成为了州长，他将要废除我们州的营业税。15. 单选题More and more educators in the U.S. are looking for global opportunities to offer them the career and salary they need along with the （ ）of being an educator.问题1选项A.allusionB.temptationC.fulfillmentD.prosperity【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。allusion意为“典故，暗指”；temptation意为“诱惑，引诱”；fulfillment意为“完成，满足，实现”；prosperity意为“繁荣”。句意：越来越多的美国教育工作者正在寻找全球性的机会，为他们提供他们所需要的职业和薪水，以及作为一名教育家的成就感。16. 单选题Among the most popular books being written today are those which are usually classified as science fiction. Hundreds of（1）are published every year and are read by all kinds of people. （2）, some of the most successful films of recent years have been（3）on science fiction stories.It is often thought that science fiction is a（4）new development in literature,（5）its ancestors can be found in book written hundreds of years ago. These books often（6）the presentation of some form of（7）society, a theme which is（8）often found in modern stories.Most of the classics of science fiction, （9）, have been written within the last one hundred years. Books（10）writers, such as Jules Veme and H.G. Wells, to（11）just two well-known authors, have been translation into many languages.（12）science fiction writers dont write about men from Mars or Space adventure stories. They are（13）interested in predicting the effect of technical progress（14）society and the human mind, or in（15）future worlds which are a（16）of the world（17）we live in now. （18）of this, their writing has obvious political undertones (含蓄) .In an age when scientific fact frequently（19）science fiction, the writers may find（20）difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances.问题1选项A.stylesB.titlesC.subjectsD.topics问题2选项A.FurthermoreB.OtherwiseC.AnywayD.Evidently问题3选项A.reliedB.dependedC.basedD.focused问题4选项A.asB.whenC.soD.fairly问题5选项A.asB.whenC.butD.if问题6选项A.look forB.care forC.ask forD.call for问题7选项A.societyB.idealC.futureD.end问题8选项A.yetB.alreadyC.almostD.still问题9选项A.consequentlyB.thereforeC.howeverD.moreover问题10选项A.onB.byC.aboutD.For问题11选项A.introduceB.mentionC.tellD.remind问题12选项A.AncientB.ModernC.PreviousD.Former问题13选项A.neverB.lessC.moreD.scarcely问题14选项A.onB.ofC.inD.at问题15选项A.recognizingB.imaginingC.rememberingD.adapting问题16选项A.regulationB.reactionC.reductionD.reflection问题17选项A.whichB.whereC.thereD.when问题18选项A.DespiteB.BecauseC.InsteadD.At present问题19选项A.reachesB.attainsC.caulesD.overtakes问题20选项A.itB.thisC.thatD.those【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:C第6题:B第7题:B第8题:D第9题:C第10题:B第11题:B第12题:B第13题:C第14题:A第15题:B第16题:D第17题:A第18题:B第19题:D第20题:A【解析】第1题:考查名词辨析。此处表示每年都有几百本书出版，titles指的是书籍。第2题:考查副词辨析。此处表示递进关系，因此填furthermore，意为“此外，而且”。第3题:考查动词辨析。rely on意为“依赖”；depend on意为“依靠，依赖”；base on意为“根据，基于”；focus on意为“关注，聚焦于”。此处表示电影是以科幻小说为基础的。第4题:考查逻辑关系。此处意为“人们常常认为科幻小说在文学上是一个新的发展”，缺少一个表程度的副词，因此fairly（一定地，相当地）最为恰当。第5题:考查连词辨析。此处表示转折关系，因此填but。第6题:考查动词辨析。look for意为“寻找”；care for意为“关心，照顾”；ask for意为“请求”；call for意为“要求，需要，去接（某人）”，此处表示关注、关心，因此选B。第7题:考查逻辑关系。这些书指的是科幻小说，具有不真实，不切实际等特征，因此填ideal，意为“完美的，想象的，不切实际的”。第8题:考查副词辨析。此处表示让步关系，因此填still，意为“仍，仍然”，指主题仍然可以在现代小说中找到。第9题:考查副词辨析。此处表示转折关系，因此填however，consequently与therefore表示因果关系，moreover表示递进关系。第10题:考查介词辨析。by作介词时，意为“被，由”，books by writers意为“作家写的书”。第11题:考查固定搭配。to mention意为“举例”。第12题:考查逻辑关系。由句中的Mars or Space adventure（火星或太空探险）和下句中的interested in predicting the effect of technical progress（预测技术进步的效果感兴趣）可知这些都属于现代的一些东西，因此填modern（现代的）。第13题:考查逻辑关系。由前句可知现代科幻作家不写关于火星或太空探险的故事，此推测此处表示让他们更感兴趣的，因此填more（更加）。第14题:考查固定搭配。the effect on sth.意为“对某事物的影响”。第15题:考查逻辑关系。由空格后的future world（未来世界）可推测未来可以想象，猜测，因此填imagine最为恰当。第16题:考查名词辨析。此处表示这个世界反射的未来世界，因此填reflection，意为“反射，反映”；reaction一般是指人的反应，感应；regulation意为“管理”；reduction意为“减少”。第17题:考查关系代词。先行词为world，表示物，可以用which引导定语从句。第18题:考查逻辑关系。此处表示因此关系，因此填because。第19题:考查动词辨析。reach意为“到达”；attain意为“达到，获得”；caules意为“茎类”；overtake意为“追上，赶上，超过”。此处缺少动词，故排除C选项，表示在一个事实经常超过科幻小说的时代，因此选D。第20题:考查形式宾语。it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。17. 单选题Today the public is much concerned about the way（ ）.问题1选项A.nature is being ruinedB.which nature is ruinedC.on which to ruin natureD.of nature to be ruined【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。当先行词为the way时，关系代词可以是that/in which或者省略。句意：如今，公众非常关心自然受到破坏的方式。18. 单选题My second claim concerns individual differences. Owing to the accidents of（ ）, environment, and their interaction, no two of us exhibit the same intelligence in precisely the proportions.问题1选项A.heredityB.heirC.heritageD.supplement【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。heredity意为“遗传”；heir意为“继承人”；heritage意为“遗产”；supplement意为“增补，补充”。句意：我的第二项主张涉及个人差异。由于遗传、环境，以及它们之间的相互作用的偶然性，没有任何东西在同一智力方面展现出完全相同的程度。19. 单选题If a girls eyes （ ）when she looks at you, it means she is interested in you.问题1选项A.glitterB.sparkleC.flashD.flicker【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。glitter意为“闪烁，闪现(某种强烈情感)”；sparkle意为“闪耀，闪烁”；flash意为“使闪光，使闪烁”，带有“兴奋、喜悦、高兴之色”，指快速地发出强光；flicker意为“闪烁”，指闪出不太强的光。句意：如果一个女孩看着你，她的眼睛放光，意思是她对你感兴趣。20. 单选题Part of the cost of many articles is taken as tax by the government （ ）the community.问题1选项A.in place ofB.on account ofC.in terms ofD.on behalf of【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。in place of意为“代替”；on account of意为“由于”；in terms of意为“依据，按照”；on behalf of意为“代表，为了”。句意：部分物品的费用以税收的形式由政府代表社会征收。