考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学模拟考试题含答案44

考研考博-考博英语-厦门大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题As welfare reform has_millions of single mothers like Patino into the workforce since 1996, questions about its effects on families have loomed large.问题1选项A.nudgedB.propelledC.divestedD.bumped【答案】B【解析】nudge轻推, 唠叨; propel推进, 驱使; divest剥夺; bump碰撞。句意：自1996年以来, 福利改革推动了数以百万计的像帕蒂诺这样的单身母亲加入到劳动力大军中, 福利改革对家庭影响的问题日益突出。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题To give you a general idea of our products, we enclose the catalogues showing various products handled by us with detailed_and means of packing.问题1选项A.specimensB.inspectionsC.samplesD.specifications【答案】D【解析】specimens样本; inspections视察, 检查; samples样品; specifications规格, 规范。句意：为了使您对我们的产品有一个大致的了解, 随函附上我方经营的各种产品的目录, 以及详细的规格和包装方法。选项D更符合句意。3. 写作题Write an essay on the given topic On University. Based on the following outline, present your argument with supporting details of no less than 250 words. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.1.大学的功能2.大学是否实现了目标3.如何改进【答案】On UniversityIt is a clear fact that our country attaches great importance to education and there are much more students who become university freshmen each year. Although they have entered into their ideal sanctum, do they really know about the university?In my opinion, university is not only a place of acquiring knowledge but a place of getting integrated development as well. A university student is on the best phase of forming his own character and developing his all-around capacity. However, teachers in the class still keep to traditional teaching method,which hardly create a kind of environment where students have chance to express their own thoughts. In addition,a university can be described as a bridge between students and society. If it doesnt link the both sides, or not enough,once students step into society,they may be puzzled by many things and scarcely know how to deal with them. So how to improve university education? We should innovate upon teaching method on the basis of traditional one so as to let students have more chances to speak out their own thinking. We can also hold a small discussing meeting to deal with the real problems from society,therefore when students go out of the campus,they will adapt themselves to the society quickly.To sum up,nowadays the main problems existing in university education is that most students lack of ability to think independently and to deal with complex things in our society. Im sure these problems will be solved as long as correct and effective measures can be taken.4. 案例题Tourists are guilty, so we are frequently told, of a number of crimes: upsetting the ecological balance of Mount Himalayas,parking wads of chewing gum under the benches of museums and art galleries, wearing unsuitable T-shirts in Notre Dame, debauching the local peasantry and generally lowering the tone of everywhere they choose to set their benighted feet. Rarely has a group of people been so widely reviled,and I am one of them. So are you. Ive been a tourist in Provence for about 15 years now often on the receiving end of criticism or mild abuse from people who accuse me of having ruined the region by writing about it. Curiously,these complaints,which are sometimes offensive and invariably very shrill,do not come from the Provence themselves,who seem to regard me as a fairly benevolent oddity,but from my fellow tourists.From their vantage points in London or Brussels or Boston,they deplore what they say has happened to Provence. They know,from investigations carried out during their brief annual vacations,that Provence has changed. The markets are more crowded,the prices have gone up,the restaurants are full, the sunniest cafe tables are taken,bakers run out of bread,waiters run out of patience,there is nowhere to park and nobodybut nobodycan be found to fix a leaking pool.Mass tourism in Provence started more than 2,600 years ago with the arrival of Greeks from Phocea, who founded Marseille. They were a civilizing influence and provided jobs for the locals, and could therefore be described as acceptable tourists. So were the Romans, who built the monuments and viaducts and amphitheaters that we still enjoy. Then came a bad patch,with the arrival of Visigoths, Ostrogoths and Franks. They amused themselves by terrifying the inhabitants and ravaging the countryside. Here, perhaps, is where it had its start: the reputation of tourists as slobs.After many years of on-the-spot observation, I would like to put in a good word for this much-maligned species. The overwhelming majority of these visitors are amiable and considerate people who want nothing more than quiet enjoyment. They have come to Provence for sunshine and spectacular scenery, for the food and the wine,for a pleasant break from real life. Of course there are crowds,particularly in July and August,but these tend to be confined to the towns and postcard villages. For those who want solitude,beautiful and empty countryside is only a short drive away.Personally, I have never found the tourist season intolerable; indeed,there is reason to be grateful for some of its effects. If it werent for the money that tourism brings,many of the chateaux and gardens open to the public would become derelict; monuments would be left to crumble; many restaurants could never survive on local custom alone; it wouldnt be worth putting on concerts or village fetes. Rural life would be the poorer.Obviously,this is not true everywhere. Some parts of the world have been so thoroughly overexploited that they have lost whatever charm they once possessed. This is usually the result of local greed; but the tourist,not the rapacious developer,gets most of the blame.The passage below summarizes the main points of the passage. Read the summary and then select the best word or phrase from the box blow according to the passage. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Tourists are frequently criticized (1) the ecological balance of Mount Himalayas and (2) chewing gum under the benches of museum and art galleries. They are also blamed for their (3) while visiting Notre Dame. My fellow tourists have reviled me for having destroyed Provence (4) . They have made a lot of complains (5) . For instance,there have been the busier markets,higher prices, (6) restaurants, cafe tables and parking lots, (7) empty bakeries and impatient waiters. Yet,Provence began (8) over 2,600 years ago. The locals welcomed Greeks (9) , and Romans (10) , viaducts and amphitheaters. But those of Visigoths, Ostrogoths and Franks brought the tourists into (11) by terrifying the inhabitants and (12) . According my observation,I would like to say a few words (13) those much blamed tourists. Most of them are amiable and considerate,and they came mostly to the towns and postcard villages in Provence in July and August just for sunshine, (14) , the food, the wine, a pleasant break from real life. I believe Provence has been (15) to tourism (16) the chateaux, gardens and monuments, and (17) concerts and village fetes in the districts. But usually the tourist is (18) the blame (19) and (20) in some parts of the world.A.spectacular scenery B.for the holding of C.not to mentionD.grateful E.the smearing of F.based on their own perspectives G.its massive tourismH.by writing about it I.ravaging the countryside J.for their spoilage of K.shouldered L.for the overexploitation M.amiable and considerateN.high occupancy of O.for the survival of P.the lost charmQ.poor behavior R.for the monuments S.disrepute T.for their civilizing influence【答案】1.J2.E3.Q4.H5.F6.N7.C8.G9.T10.R11.S12.I13.M14.A15.D16.O17.B18.K19.L20.P【解析】1.根据第一段的第一句“.upsetting the ecological balance of Mount Himalayas.”游客经常被批评， 因为破坏了喜马拉雅山的生态平衡。所以，填空处为“for their spoilage of”，指损坏，糟蹋。2.根据第一段的第一句“.parking wads of chewing gum under the benches of museums and art galleries.”在博物馆和艺术画廊的长椅下放口香糖。所以，空格处应填the smearing of”，指弄脏。3.根据“wearing unsuitable T-shirts in Notre Dame.”可知，空格处应填“poor behavior”，指不雅的行为。4.根据第一段的倒数第二句“Ive been a tourist in Provence.having ruined the region by writing about it.”我在普罗旺斯做了大约15年的游客， 现在经常受到一些人的批评或轻微的辱骂，他们指责我通过写有关普罗旺斯的文章“毁了”这个地区。所以, 空格处应填“by writing about if”。5.根据第一段的最后一句可知, 他们的抱怨不是来自于普罗旺斯人, 而是基于游客自己的观点。所以, 空格处应填 ”based on their own perspectives”。6.根据第二段的第三句“The markets are more crowded,the prices have gone up,the restaurants are full, the sunniest cafe tables are taken,.”市场更加拥挤，物价上涨，餐馆客满，阳光最充足的咖啡馆也挤满了人。所以, 空格处应填“high occupancy of 。7.根据第二段的内容可知, 市场更加拥挤, 物价上涨, 餐馆客满, 阳光最充足的咖啡馆也挤满了人， 更不用说卖空了的面包店和不耐烦的服务员。not to mention指更不用说。8.根据第三段的第一句“Mass tourism in Provence started more than 2,600 years ago.”可知，填空处应填“its massive tourism”。9.根据第三段的第二句“They were a civilizing influence and provided jobs for the locals, and could therefore be described as acceptable tourists.”希腊人受到当地人的欢迎是因为他们对文明产生了影嘛并为当地人提供了工 作。所以，空格处应填“for their civilizing influence”。10.根据第三段的第二句“So were the Romans,who built the monuments and viaducts and amphitheaters that we still enjoy.”罗马人受到当地人的欢迎是因为他们建造了纪念碑、高架桥和圆形剧场。所以，空格处应填“for the monuments”。11.根据第三段的最后两句可知，西哥特人、东哥特人和法兰克人以恐吓居民和破坏乡村为乐。也许游客声誉受损就是从这里开始的。所以，空格处应填“disrepute”，bring sb. into disrepute意为“使某人声誉扫地, 使某人声名狼籍。12.据第三段的倒数第二句“They amused themselves by terrifying the inhabitants and ravaging the countryside.”可知， 他们以恐吓居民和破坏乡村为乐。所以，空格处应填“ravaging the countryside”。13.根据第四段的一二句可知，绝大多数的旅游者都是友好的， 而且是考虑周到的。所以，空格处应填“amiable and considerate”。14.根据第四段的第三句“They have come to Provence for sunshine and spectacular scenery, for the food and the wine,for a pleasant break from real life.”他们来到普罗旺斯是为了享受阳光和壮丽的景色，享受美食和美酒，享受与现实生活的愉快休憩。所以应填“spectacular scenery。15.根据第五段的第一句“there is reason to be grateful for some of its effects.”普罗旺斯应该对旅游业表示感谢。所以，空格处应填“grateful”。16.根据第五段的内容可知，如果不是旅游业为普罗旺斯带来的经济效益，这里就会百业凋零。所以，空格处应填“for the survival of。17.根据第五段的倒数第二句“.it wouldnt be worth putting on concerts or village fetes.”如果没有旅游业也就没必要举办音乐会或者乡村宴会了。所以应填“for the holding of ”。18.根据最后一段的最后一句“but the tourist,not the rapacious developer,gets most of the blame.”通常都是游客承担责任而不是开发商。所以， 空格处应填“shouldered”。19.根据最后一段内容可知，世界的某些地区被过度开采, 造成这些地区丧失了曾经拥有的吸引力。而这个责任也被推到了游客身上。所以，空格处应填for the overexploitation”。20.根据最后一段内容可知，世界的某些地区被过度开采, 造成这些地区丧失了曾经拥有的吸引力。而这个责任也被推到了游客身上。所以， 空格处应填“the lost charm”。5. 单选题It is ironic that the_insights of the great thinkers are voiced so often that they have become mere_.问题1选项A.original.clichesB.banal.beliefsC.dubious.habitsD.philosophical.questions【答案】A【解析】original.cliches原始的, 独创的 陈词滥调; banal.beliefs陈腐的 信仰; dubioushabits可疑的 习惯; philosophical.questions哲学的 问题。句意：具有讽刺意味的是, 伟大思想家的独到见解经常被人提出, 以至于成为陈词滥调。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it and this_produces artificial cold surrounding it.问题1选项A.absorptionB.transitionC.consumptionD.interaction【答案】A【解析】absorption吸收; transition过渡, 转变; consumption消费, 消耗; interaction相互作用。句意：水从固体变成液体, 会吸收附近所有物质的热量, 这种吸收会在周围产生人工寒潮。选项A符合句意。7. 单选题I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a_character.问题1选项A.graciousB.suspiciousC.uniqueD.particular【答案】B【解析】gracious有礼貌的, 宽厚的; suspicious多疑的, 可疑的; unique独一无二的, 唯一的; particular特别的, 独有的。句意：我从不相信他, 因为我一直认为他是个多疑的人。选项B符合句意。8. 单选题High-fructose com syrup is easy for food and beverage makers to use, and has_ the former leading sweetener: sucrose,or ordinary table sugar.问题1选项A.edged outB.edged inC.edged awayD.edged on【答案】A【解析】edge out替代, 挤掉; edge in挤进; edge away缓缓移动; edge on 怂恿,鼓励。句意：高果糖玉米糖浆对食品和饮料生产商来说很容易使用, 而且已经取代了以前重要的增甜剂蔗糖或普通的食糖。选项A符合句意。9. 单选题Since its inception,Pakistan has strived desperately to_India,cultivating ties with any state willing to help it.问题1选项A.counteractB.counterfeitedC.counterchangeD.counterbalance【答案】A【解析】counteract对抗, 阻碍, 中和; counterfeit伪造, 假冒; counterchange交换, 调换; counterbalance 抵消, 平衡。句意：从一开始, 巴基斯坦就拼命对抗印度, 与任何愿意帮助它的国家建立联系。选项A符合句意。10. 单选题By 1817 the United States Confess had_all internal taxes and was relying on tariffs on imported goods to provide sufficient revenues to run the government.问题1选项A.allocatedB.distributedC.eliminatedD.collected【答案】C【解析】allocated分配; distributed分发; eliminated忽略, 除去; collected收集。句意：到1817年, 美国承认取消了所有的国内税收, 运行政府依靠进口商品的关税来提供足够的收入。选项C符合句意。11. 单选题When the novelist Jodi Picoult was approached to write a few installments of the Wonder Woman comics series, her first_was to take the character out of her trademark.问题1选项A.conspiracyB.subversionC.impulseD.dissipation【答案】C【解析】conspiracy共谋, 阴谋; subversion颠覆, 破坏; impulse推动, 剌激; dissipation消散, 分散。句意：当小说家Jodi Picoult被邀请为神奇女侠系列漫画写一些情节时, 她的第一个想法就是把这个角色从自己的性格特征中脱离出来。选项C符合句意。12. 单选题The Bush Junta is using the_of Hurricane Katrina to cut the wages of people desperately trying to rebuild their lives and their communities.问题1选项A.dismantlementB.devastationC.scuttleD.wreckage【答案】B【解析】dismemberment分割，肢解; devastation毁坏；scuttle逃避；wreckage失事。句意：布什政府正利用Katrina飓风带来的破坏，削减那些拼命试图重建生活和社区的人们的工资。选项B符合句意。13. 单选题The following qualifications are essential for the post: an honors degree in English,_in shorthand and typewriting and some experience in journalism.问题1选项A.proficiencyB.expertiseC.knowledgeD.familiarity【答案】A【解析】proficiency精通, 熟练; expertise专门技术; familiarity熟悉。句意：应聘该职位必须具备以下条件:英语荣誉学位, 速记和打字熟练, 有一定的新闻工作经验。选项A符合句意。14. 单选题Vaccines are normally conceived to fight infectious disease,but a new_will bring cheer to those who have resolved to kick certain habits in the new year.问题1选项A.shotB.boundC.finitudeD.gunnery【答案】B【解析】shot射击; bound界限, 范围; finitude界限, 限制; gunnery射击, 重炮。句意：疫苗通常被认为是用来对抗传染病的, 但是一项新的进展将给那些决心在新的一年改掉某些习惯的人带来希望。选项B符合句意。15. 单选题The Committee has approved your qualifications and you will be_to the retiring Head Clerks post.问题1选项A.employedB.appointedC.admittedD.accepted【答案】B【解析】employed雇用; appointed任命为; admitted接纳; accepted接受。句意：委员会已批准你的资格, 你将被任命为退休的文书主任。选项B符合句意。16. 单选题A 1994 World Bank report concluded that_girls in school was probably the single most effective anti-poverty policy in the developing world today.问题1选项A.enrollingB.assigningC.involvingD.consenting【答案】A【解析】enrolling招收, 参加; assigning指派, 分配; involving牵涉, 使参与; consenting允许, 赞成。句意：世界银行1994年的一份报告得出结论：招收女童入学可能是当今发展中世界最有效的反贫困政策。选项A符合句意。17. 单选题Everyday there are reports of_that have been committed against innocent people.问题1选项A.behaviorsB.fixturesC.subordinatesD.atrocities【答案】D【解析】behavior举止, 行为；fixture设备, 固定装置; subordinate下属; atrocity暴行，残暴。句意：每天都有关于对无辜人民实施暴行的报道。选项D符合句意。18. 单选题What small businesses need to learn from larger competitors is how developing a dynamic learning environment _innovation, strengthens market position, and develops a true competitive advantage.问题1选项A.propelsB.restrainsC.prescribesD.improvises【答案】A【解析】propel推进, 驱使；restrain抑制, 制止；prescribe规定, 开处方; improvise临时准备，即兴创作。句意：小企业需要向大的竞争对手学习的是如何开发一个动态的学习环境来推动改革、巩固市场地位，并发展真正的竞争优势。选项A符合句意。19. 单选题They might be willing to move from country to country,until they end up in a backwater nation with no laws or lawmakers to speak of,and can proceed with their miserably_experiments.问题1选项A.well-builtB.ill-conceivedC.well-groomedD.ill-bred【答案】B【解析】well-built体格健美的, 体型匀称的; ill-conceived没有想好的; 计划不周的; well-groomed被小心照料的，整洁的; ill-bred缺乏教养的; 粗鲁的。句意：他们可能愿意从一个国家迁移到另一个国家，直到他们最终生活在一个没有法律或立法者的落后国家，这样就能够继续进行他们糟糕的计划不周的实验。选项B符合句意。20. 单选题The senator of New York courted black voters,considered crucial to_the Democratic presidential nomination, in a series of campaign stops.问题1选项A.confiningB.securingC.tamperingD.pervading【答案】B【解析】confine限制; secure保护,固定; tamper干预,削弱; pervade遍及。句意：这位来自纽约的参议员在一系列竞选活动中设法争取黑人选民的支持, 黑人选民被认为是确保民主党总统候选人提名的关键。选项B符合句意。