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如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Lesson 1 DedicationLearning Objectives:1. Describing people and identifying common factors.2. Defining words and discussing the connotations.3. Reading a text about a man with an obsession.4. Discussing body transformations.Speaking 1. Work in pairs. Look at the photos and discuss these questions.1) What does each picture show?2) How would you describe the people in the pictures?3) What do you think they might have in common?4) Do you think you are like any of these people? If so, in what way?Vocabulary : Talking about people1. Look at these definitions. Can you guess the words? In what way are the words different? Do they have positive or negative connotations? 如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!The three words mean unmarried.Single is used to describe men or women and has a neutral connotation.Bachelor is used to describe a man and has a fairly neutral Spinster is used to describe a woman and is an old-fashioned (often disapproving) term with the implication that the woman will never marry. Its connotation is negative. connotation.Spinster is used to describe a woman and is an old-fashioned (often disapproving) term with the implication that the woman will never marry. Its connotation is negative. 2. Can you think of any other similar examples?Traditional: in accordance with tradition, beliefs and customs; it can have a positive or negative connotation. Compare It is traditional to give chocolate eggs as Easter presents in the UK with He was a very traditional father and they often had arguments.Old-fashioned: not modern, a person who believes in out-dated ideas and customs; it has a negative connotation.Conventional: following conventions or norms; it can have a negative connotation: He holds very conventional views on politics. It may also have a neutral connotation, e.g. My new car is a very conventional design. Old-fashioned: not modern, a person who believes in out-dated ideas and customs; it has a negative connotation.Conventional: following conventions or norms; it can have a negative connotation: He holds very conventional views on politics. It may also have a neutral connotation, e.g. My new car is a very conventional design. traditional old-fashioned conventional3. Look at the following words, which are all synonyms of determined. Do the words have positive or negative connotations? Divide them into two groups, using a dictionary to help you.Positive: resolute, unwavering, dedicatedNegative: stubborn, wilful, obstinate, dogged( single-minded, strong-willed and persistent are dependent on context.)Positive: resolute, unwavering, dedicatedNegative: stubborn, wilful, obstinate, dogged( single-minded, strong-willed and persistent are dependent on context.)4. Work in small groups and compare your ideas.Use one of the words to describe someone you know.My 11-year-old daughter is really obstinate nothing I say can persuade her to read a book, she just watches rubbish on TV all the time.5. Read the short profiles below and decide which word in Exercise 3 best describes the person. More than one word may be appropriate.1) A politician who always gives her full support to her party leader, even when she does not agree with all the partys policies unwavering2) An employee who works day and night to get a promotion, even though it will probably be given to someone else.如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载! dogged/determined/persistent3) A woman who has recovered from cancer three times strong-willed/resolute4) A man who has failed his driving test ten times and is to take his test again next month.determined/persistent5) A child who refuses to wear blue trousers today. stubborn/wilful6) A president defending his club, which refuses membership to women. obstinate7) A girl who devotes all her free time to tennis practice and has no social life as a result. single-minded8) A single-parent father working, studying and bringing up two children. resolute/determinedSpeaking & Reading: Lexical preparation(1) go by sth.: to be guided by sth.; to form an opinion from sth. e.g. Thats a good rule to go by.2) lose count (of sth.): to forget the total of sth. before you have finished counting it e.g. She had lost count of the number of times shed told him to be careful.Speaking & Reading1. Work in pairs. Make a list of the different ways that people typically choose to change their bodies.2. You are going to read an article about a man called Stalking Cat. What changes do you think he has made to his body?3. Read the article and check your ideas.He has had tiger-stripe tattoos on his body, a feline cleft lip, a flattened nose, implants to widen the lower part of his forehead, elongated ears and attachments pierced through his lip for him to fix whiskers to.4. Read the text again and decide if these statements are true (T) of false (F). If false, explain why.(1) Plastic surgery is still relatively unusual. F It is now commonplace2) Dennis Avner cant remember how many changes have been made to his body. T3) It is thought that a psychological illness may be the cause of Stalking Cats behaviour. T4) Because of the changes to his body, Cat is in constant pain. FThe procedures hurt at the time but there is no ongoing pain.5) The procedures Cat has undergone have been carried out illegally. FHe has to have the surgery carried out by a body modification artist because it would be illegal for a medical professional to alter appearance to this extent.6) Cat does not suffer any pain during the operations. FHe cannot have anaesthetic because only qualified doctors can administer it, so the operations are very painful.如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!7) He does not particularly enjoy making the changes to his body. T8) He will probably not make any more changes to his body. FHis goal is to become a perfect cross between a cat and a human, so it is likely he will continue.5. Look again at the adjectives in Vocabulary, Exercise 3. Which would you use to describe Stalking Cat?6. Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.1) Think of someone you know who has made changes to his / her body. Was he / she happy with the results? Why? / Why not?2) In what circumstances would you consider making changes to your body?3) If you could transform yourself into a perfect cross between a human and an animal, which animal would you choose? Why?7. Translate the following sentences into English.1)如果可以依据以往的经验，这个航班会晚点的。(go by)If past experience is anything to go by, the flight will be late.2)失去配偶以后，人们必然要经历一段调整期。(undergo)People inevitably undergo a period of adjustment after the loss of their spouse.3)这是首次向公众展出这幅画。 (display)Its the first time the painting has been displayed to the public.4)这条道路穿过沙漠伸向远方。(stretch)The road stretched (out) across the desert into the distance.5)政府声称战争是必然的，这种说法显然是错误的。 (claim)The governments claim that the war was necessary was clearly mistaken.如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Lesson 2 Mind the GapLearning Objectives:1. Discussing photos from an exhibition about different cultures.2. Listening to people discussing the exhibition and identifying their opinions.3. Pronunciation: How do you pronounce it?4. Zoom In: Contrasting uses of so.5. Reading an e-mail from a friend in a different culture.6. Discussing attitudes and opinions.7. Revising and practising be used to / get used to.Speaking & Listening 1. Look at the pictures. They are part of a photographic exhibition by various photographers about different world cultures. What does each photo show? Where do you think the photos were taken?2. What is the connection between the pairs of photos (a & b, c & d, etc.)?a & b: Both photos show traditional dancing with a group of people.c & d: Both photos show fashion/clothes.e & f: Both photos depict weddings.g & h: Both photos show animals being ridden.3. Listen to three friends talking about the exhibition. Which pairs of photos do they talk about? Photographs ab, ef, gh. Do they agree about the exhibitions main purpose? No, the speakers dont agree.4. Listen again and complete the sentences.1) The three friends went . to see an exhibition. 如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!2) Tanya normally gets tired . after about half an hour or so.3) What impressed Paul was . the fact they seemed to refer to each other that they dealt with similar themes.4) Tanya believes that the exhibition talks about . what is similar between cultures rather than what is different.5) She also thinks that our society is .becoming more international.6) Rashid disagrees with her in that . some differences between cultures are impossible to reconcile.5. Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.(1) What aspects of your culture are you most proud of?2) Do you think we should emphasise cultural differences or similarities? Why?3) What kind of photos would you include in a photographic exhibition about your culture? Think about food, music, architecture, art, customs, etc. compare your ideas with other pairs and decide which exhibition sounds most interesting. Id want to include photos of our most impressive and iconic buildings, like the .Pronunciation: How do you pronounce it?Student A says a word in phonetic script from his / her card. Student B says a word from the right-hand column of his / her card that goes with the word Student A said.For example: Student A: /a:tIstIk/ B: aspirationsThen it is Bs turn. Write down all of the collocations in the space.如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Zoom in : So1. The following sentences all use the word so. Match them to the uses below.1) It was so good. 2) I normally get tired after about half an hour or so.3) Theyre there so we can see how similar cultures are.4) A: Is the exhibition on for much longer? B: I dont think so.1) It was so good. very or extremely2) I normally get tired after about half an hour or so. saying that certain facts are imprecise 3) Theyre there so we can see how similar cultures are. expressing purpose 4) A: Is the exhibition on for much longer? B: I dont think so. referring back to something that has been said2. Rewrite the dialogue using so where possible.A: Is John coming to the exhibition?B: Yes, I think that he is.A: Great. Whens he going to arrive?B: Oh, about 7 oclock.A: OK, good. I dont know how many people are coming today. We had such a large number of people yesterday that we had to close the doors.B: Its definitely one of our most successful exhibitions. How did you manage to attract this number of people?A: Just adverts in newspapers and magazines. You advertise to inform people and then they come its as simple as that.3. Listen and check.A: Is John coming to the exhibition?B: Yes, I think so.A: Great. Whens he going to arrive?B: Oh, 7 oclock or so.A: OK, good. I dont know how many people are coming today. We had so many people yesterday that we had to close the doors.B: Its definitely one of our most successful exhibitions. How did you manage to attract so many people?A: Just adverts in newspapers and magazines. You advertise so that people know about it, and then they come its as simple as that. 如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Reading & Speaking1. Work in pairs. You are going to read an e-mail from a British girl who has recently moved to Japan. What aspects of Japanese culture do you think she mentions?2. Read the e-mail and check your ideas. What is Heathers attitude to the cultural aspects she mentions?Sleeping: She doesnt like getting up early and likes the futons.Food: She likes the food and the sushi restaurants, although doesnt like raw fish. Shes used to eating with chopsticks.Shopping: She thinks this is fun because she is never quite sure what she is buying and there are unusual things available.Vending machines: She is surprised how many there are and what you can buy from them.Social factors: She says everyone is really polite.3. Find examples of the following in the e-mail.abbreviations exclamations colloquial misspellings informal linking words Abbreviations: BTW (by the way), v. (very)Exclamations: slurp!, ugh!, huh?, doh!, no kiddingColloquial misspellings: coz, tho, nInformal linking words: tho (though)Grammatical inaccuracies: Hows things?, Have to admitgrammatical inaccuracies4. Work in pairs. Find statements in the e-mail which tell you that Heather .1) has started to adapt to life in Japan.Im gradually getting used to my new life here.2) didnt get up early before she moved to Japan.Im not used to getting up so early.3) doesnt like all Japanese food.I dont think Im ever going to get used to raw fish.4) finds the packaging in shops confusing.dont always know what Im buying.5) thinks the Japanese are innovative and imaginative.what will they come up with next, I ask myself?6) believes the Japanese are genuinely respectful of others.how polite everyone is and they really seem to mean it!如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!5. Translate the following sentences into English.1) 这种胶水黏合性不好。 (stick)This kind of glue doesnt stick very well.2) 他们把这家人当成客人接待。(treat)They treated the family as guests.3) 我尽力按时完成了这项工程。(manage to do) I managed to finish the project on time.4) 他可能不在家，但我还是要去碰碰运气。(off-chance, anyway)He may not be in, but I shall call on the off-chance anyway.5) 史密斯没有回复我们的邀请，显然他是改变主意了。 (apparently)Smith didnt answer our invitation; apparently hes changed his mind.Language Focus : be used to / get used toPractice1. Complete the sentences with an appropriate form of the words in brackets.1) I was nervous when I started teaching as I wasnt used to speaking (be used to / speak) in front of an audience.2) When I moved to Spain it took me ages _to get used to meeting_ (get used to / meet) friends so late at night.3) The only problem shes having in India is that she _isnt used to eating_ (be used to / eat) such spicy food.4) In the USA, British people find it hard to _get used to driving_(get used to / drive) on the wrong side of the road.2. Work in pairs. Would you like to live in a country with a very different culture to yours? What would you find it difficult to adapt to?Id like to live in Brazil, but Im not used to hot weather.3. Translate the following sentences into English.如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!他们习惯吃生鱼。Theyre used to raw fish.2) 她习惯这里炎热的气候。She is used to the hot weather here.3) 我们习惯于一起工作。We are used to working together.4) 两个月后他对新环境习惯了。After two months he had got used to the new environment.5) 起初我感觉英国的饮食很怪，但很快就适应了。The food in England was strange to me at first, but I soon got used to it.如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Lesson 3 Worlds ApartLearning Objectives:1. Understanding an extract from a travel book.2. Describing geographical and physical features.3. Describing certainty and uncertainty using a variety of different grammatical forms and items. Reading1. Look at the photos and answer the questions.1) Where do you think they were taken?2) What elements tell you this?3) What do you think life is like for people who live here? the Democratic Republic of Congo in central Africa2. Read the introduction to a book describing a journey in the Democratic Republic of Congo in central Africa. What things do you think Kenge found strange and confusing?3. Read the extract from Colin Turnbulls book and check your ideas. Which of these things did Kenge confuse? Why was he confused in each case?the mountains He thought they were large hills.snow He thought they were white rocks.buffalo He thought they were insects.a boat on the lake He thought it was a floating piece of wood.4. Read the text again and choose the correct option to complete the sentences.1) The storm .如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!a) was a common occurrence.b) only lasted for a few seconds.c) showed a clear view of the mountains.2) The mountains were .a) capped with white snow.b) actually low hills in the forest.c) completely covered in dense forest.3) The buffalo were .a) going to provide Kenge with food.b) twice as big as the forest buffalo.c) actually small insects.4) Kenge mistook the buffalo for insects because .a) he was not used to seeing things far away.b) it was the first time he had ever seen them.c) they were near some trees.5. Match the English expressions in Column A with the Chinese expressions in Column B.Column A Column Ba) mighty range of mountains 1. 在露天，在野外b) be exposed to 2. 睁大眼睛使劲看c) snow-capped peaks 3. 升入d) rise into 4. 考虑到所有情况/限制等（因素）e) make an allowance 5. 使暴露于f) roar with laughter 6. 白雪覆盖的山峰g) strain ones eyes 7. 崇山峻岭h) in the open 8. 刮掉泥巴i) scrape the mud off 9. 开怀大笑Vocabulary : Descriptive adjectives1. Find words in the first paragraph that form collocations with these descriptive adjectives.1) violent _ 2) mighty _3) dense _ 4) steep _5) jagged _ 6) wild _2. Which other nouns collocate with the above adjectives? Use your dictionaries and compare with your partner.violent: behaviour, attack, reaction steep: hill, valleymighty: empire, power jagged: edge, glassdense: population, vegetation wild: party, animal, nightLanguage Focus : Certainty & uncertainty如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Practice1. Complete the dialogue with the words in the box.A: What are those animals over there?B: Theyre _ buffalo. There are loads round here.A: What? They _ be buffalo. Theyre far too small.B: Im not sure then they _ be antelopes.A: Its _ theyre antelopes. They havent got horns.B: I have no idea what they are then!2. Replace the expressions in bold with the ones in the box.A: What are those animals over there?B: Theyre _buffalo. There are loads round here.A: What? They _ be buffalo. Theyre far too small.B: Im not sure then _ be antelopes.A: Its _ theyre antelopes. They havent got horns.B: I have no idea what they are then!Listen and check.A: What are those animals over there?B: I should think theyre buffalo. There are loads round here.A: What? Theres no way theyre buffalo. Theyre far too small.B: Im not sure then. I suppose
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