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非谓语动词非谓语动词动词不定式动词不定式动名词动名词分词分词基本形式及特点基本形式及特点用法用法注意事项注意事项动词不定式动词不定式（1 1）基本形式：）基本形式： to+动词原形动词原形 （在某些情况下可以不带（在某些情况下可以不带 to）（2 2）特点）特点 ： A .A .没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化C . 有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为式为 to be + 动词过去分词）动词过去分词）B . 可以有自己的宾语和状语可以有自己的宾语和状语 动词不定式动词不定式(3) 用法用法 ：A、作主语、作主语，如 To learn a foreign language is not easy . = Its not easy to learn a foreign language. 注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用IT作形式主语，将作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词不定式后置。除动词be外，外， 动词动词take,cost也常用于上述结构。也常用于上述结构。B、作表语、作表语，如 The important thing is to finish the work on time . 动词不定式动词不定式作宾语作宾语C、动词动词 + to do动词动词+疑问词疑问词 + to do 动词动词 + it(形式宾语）形式宾语）+宾补宾补 +to do常见动词有常见动词有 agree,decide ,fail, hope, wish , want, plan 等等I dont know what to do .I find it important to learn English.动词不定式动词不定式D、作宾补作宾补动词动词 + 宾语宾语 +to do 动词动词 + 宾语宾语 + do Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary .注：有以上结构的常用动词有注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell. wish, ask, want , like, beg, invite,warn, allow,encourage,advise 等。等。(不带不带 to 的不定式的不定式) 注：常用的动词是：感官动词注：常用的动词是：感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice； 使役动词使役动词 have ,make,let.E、作状语、作状语可以表目的、表结果、表原因可以表目的、表结果、表原因F、作定语、作定语（必须后置）（必须后置）动词不定式动词不定式 在学习动词不定式的时候还有在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点两点要注意哦！要注意哦！1、在、在感官动词感官动词和和使役动词使役动词后作宾补时，不定式后作宾补时，不定式可可省略省略to,但以上词变为但以上词变为被动语态被动语态时，要时，要加上加上to, 如如I always saw her play violin .He was made to work 12hours a day.2、动词不定式的否定形式为：动词不定式的否定形式为： not + to doMr.Smith asked the boy _(not play) this kind of game. not to playPlease have him _(not do) so much housework. not do基本形式及特征基本形式及特征用法用法注意注意基本形式基本形式特点特点动词原形动词原形 + ing+ ing 1 1、具有名词、动词的一些特征。、具有名词、动词的一些特征。2 2、有时态和语态的变化、有时态和语态的变化用法用法1 1、作主语、作主语Picking apples is much better than having classes.2 2、作宾语、作宾语（1 1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有miss, miss, finish, mind, keep, practice, enjoy,finish, mind, keep, practice, enjoy, 等。等。（2 2）既可接）既可接动词不定式动词不定式又可接又可接动名词动名词作作宾语的动词有两类：宾语的动词有两类：意义区分不大意义区分不大：begin , start, like, love, hate, prefer 等。等。意义不同：意义不同：remember, forget, stop, go on , try 等等3、作表语、作表语His favorite sport is playing basketball . 4 4、作定语、作定语 shopping basketball finishing line1 1、动名词的、动名词的 复合结构为：复合结构为：名词所有格名词所有格形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+ + 动名词动名词Do you mind _the window?a. me to open b. I openc.my opening d. me openingc2 2、动名词的习惯用语：、动名词的习惯用语：a. Its no use doing sth. b. cant help doing sth.c. feel like doing sth.d. be busy doing sth.e. No doing基本形式：动词原形基本形式：动词原形+ + inging基本形式：基本形式： 规则动词加规则动词加ed ed 或或不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词developing countrydeveloped countryHiding from the rain and snow Hiding from the rain and snow Trying to forget but I wont let go Trying to forget but I wont let go Looking at a crowded street Looking at a crowded street Listening to my own heart beatListening to my own heart beatSo many people all around the world So many people all around the world Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Tell me where do I find someone like you girl Take me to your heart take me to your soul Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand before Im old Give me your hand before Im old Show me what love is - havent got a clue Show me what love is - havent got a clue Show me that wonders can be true Show me that wonders can be true They say nothing lasts forever They say nothing lasts forever Were only here today Were only here today Love is now or never Love is now or never Bring me far away Bring me far away Take me to your heart take me to your soul Take me to your heart take me to your soul Give me your hand and hold me Give me your hand and hold me Show me what love is - be my guiding star Show me what love is - be my guiding star Its easy take me to your heartIts easy take me to your heartStanding on a mountain high Standing on a mountain high Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky Looking at the moon through a clear blue sky I should go and see some friends I should go and see some friends But they dont really comprehendBut they dont really comprehendDont need too much talking without saying anything Dont need too much talking without saying anything All I need is someone who makes me wannaAll I need is someone who makes me wanna sing sing1.Ive work with children before, so I know what _ in my job. . expected . to expect . to be expecting . expects2.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. . to eat not . eating not . not to eat . not eat. 3.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_ . .hear . to hear . hearing . heard 4.-I usually go there by train. -Why not _ by boat for a change? . to try going . trying to go . to try and go . try going 7. Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle. . ride; ride . riding; ride . ride; to ride . to ride; riding 6. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. . to clean . cleaning . cleaned . being cleaned5. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? . to take . take . taking . to be taking 8.He gave us some advice on how_ English. .learning . learned . to learn . learn12. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night. . to burn . burn . burning . burned11.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_on a big rock by the side of the path. .to have rested .resting .to rest .rest9.Is_necessary to change trains at Beijing? . this. that. it. he10.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing. .to see .seeing .see .to be seen15.Tom is the first _ to school. . get . to get .getting . got14.They knew her very well.They had seen her_up from childhood. .grow .grew .was growing .to grow13.Im thirsty. Would you please give me something_. .drunk .to drink .to be drunk .for drinking16.Would you mind _ your radio a little?A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn down D.turning down17.Dont you remember _?A.seeing the man beforeB.saw the man beforeC.to see the man beforeD.to have seen the man before18.People couldnt help _ the foolish emperor in the procession.A.laugh at B.to laugh at C.laughing at D.laughing on19.Do you remember _ me at a party last year?A.meet B.to meet C.meeting D.met20.Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing. I didnt spend al the money _(buy) the books.2. Do you have anything _(say) at the meeting?3. Yesterday I saw a wallet _(lie) on the ground .4.The man ran out _(see) what was wrong .5. She was often heard _(sing) in English.6. Stop _(read), please.Ive something to tell you .7. The boy _(call) Li Hua in the room is his brother.buyingto saylying to see to singreadingcalled
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