多功能课桌设计

First compliance review of the application of the appraisal Committee, only through the compliance review of the application to take part in a detailed review. 8.1 application compliance review: does not meet one of the following conditions, procuratorial Agency to submit application through compliance reviews, be invalidated: (1) application of the formats, contents, meet the requirements of selected files, powers of Attorney, declarations by the legal representative and the tender agent application to meet the requirements; (2) licence and a bidding agent qualifications meet the requirements; (3) the similar project tendering agency agent number and provide proof of material compliance; (4) the tendering Agency intends to put into this project the number of professionals to meet the requirements; (5) are intended to the agent of the project as a project manager has similar projects the number of and references to meet the requirements; (6) no fraud case. 8.2 application review in detail the Evaluation Committee through compliance reviews will be selected for detailed review of the application. 8.2.1 tender agent institutions similar project tender performance requirements (16 points) tender agent institutions similar project tender performance 16 points, by two part composition (1) agent similar project of cumulative bid amount scored calculation rules for: Agent water project bid amount (on January 1, 2007 has has bid notice for associate) cumulative each reached 100 million Yuan have 2 points, water project cumulative bid amount scored up not over 6 points. In addition, completes a bid worth more than 500 million yuan in total 1 minute, but other items score accumulated winning amount up to a maximum of 6 points. (2) calculation rule for the number of agents similar projects: proxy bid amount (since January 1, 2007 winning notice shall prevail) bidding projects in more than 50 million Yuan by 2 points, but the Agency projects the number of scores up to 3 minutes. 8.2.2 to be agents of the construction project as a project manager in the same project performance (10 points) Project Manager agent performance scores including agents of the bidding agencies of similar projects, as well as in other similar project tendering agency service agent during performance. Total 10 Project Manager agent performance, made up of two parts (1) acting like the accumulated winning amount calculation rule: agents for water conservancy project bid amount (since January 1, 2007 winning notice for example) cumulative average reached 100 million Yuan 3 but scored no more than 5 minutes. (2) calculation rule for the number of agents similar projects: proxy bid amount (since January 1, 2007 winning notice for example) in the more than 50 million Yuan water conservancy project period of 3 minutes, but scores the number of agents similar projects up to a maximum of 5 points. Project Manager demonstrated to provincial-level and higher peoples Government or the development and Reform Commission published the winning bidder on the designated media publicity shall prevail. 8.2.3 staff requirement (25 points) 1, to the construction project serving personnel, 4 years experience in tendering agent, 2 points per person, 2 years experience in tendering agent .Pig is not a pig. With domestic international market and technology big environment of changes, as China traditional industry of pig production of job way and profit way are requirements related industry for resources integration, to quality security for premise, regulation based farming, and management cost and the production, and sales cost, go standardization, and scale, and intensive, and market road, fast upgrade whole industry chain of regulation capacity, market competition capacity and anti-risk capacity. First, industry analysis (a) the basic situation in China is a traditional hog production and consumption country, 2008 46.15 million tons of pork, pig stock 462.64 million head by the end pig slaughter 609.6 million. National pig industrys annual production value at around 650 billion yuan, nearly 50% per cent of annual output value of animal husbandry. Sichuan province in 2008 produced 6.52 million tons of pork, with 694,000 tons of Chengdu city, live pig sell 10.46 million, first 15 Vice-provincial cities in the country. The whole nation advantage regional planning (2008-2015) there are 437 counties (cities), 55, Sichuan, Chengdu has 7 (including in pengzhou). International pig industry mainly include the European Union, the United States, and Canada, and Brazil and other absolute scale of animal husbandry industry and technology developed countries. Market 1, the domestic market from Chinas meat consumption habits and economic analysis of the development situation, the emergence of new trends in the market of domestic pork and its products. Docking is a pig production and sales more closely. The Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and the Bohai rim economic developed area industrial structure adjustment gathered pace, two or three industries to the Central and Western bias. Second, the rigid domestic consumption growth. For a long period, pork is still the largest variety of meat consumption in China, the absolute consumption continues to grow. Especially in the vast rural market growth potential. Third, market for pork and higher product quality requirements. Pollution-free pork safety and health has shown a very good market prospects. Four is the market changing. Currently, cold meat, more and more varieties of meat and pork meat products, which accounted for a large proportion of pork consumption, stores, chain stores, supermarkets and other marketing methods is on the rise, and transport has been extended to more than 2000 km in RADIUS. Chengdu is an important River pig resource market, the citys commercial rate reaches above 60% of live pigs, pork and raw materials primary processing products in the domestic and international reputation is high. Western hog trading center in Chengdu and provides disease-free areas of construction in order to further accelerate the development of swine industry realizes space and conditions. 2, the international markets at present, annual volume of trade in live pigs in the world year around 18 million, about 6 million tons of pork trade. A large net exporter of pork is mainly the EU and North America,-importing countries mainly in Asia, Japan, and Korea, and Singapore, the Philippines, Hong Kong and other countries and regions, as well as Russia, about 3 million tonnes were imported. It is predicted that the world meat consumption increase of 80% in Asia in the future, our country has obvious geographical advantages, export potential. With the advancement of live pigs superiority industry belt construction, animal disease .安 徽 建 筑 大 学C D I O专 业:机械设计制造及其自动化班 级： 机械2班 学 号：11210010212姓 名： 花冬雨 指导教师： 杨老师 目录第1章 设计意义2第2章 设计方案2选材2第3章 主要尺寸设计33.1 整体尺寸33.2 各零部件尺寸33.2.1 桌身43.2.2 桌斗43.2.3 桌腿43.2.4 连接轴83.2.5 固定杆8第4章 装配图9第5章 创新点125.1 产品的主要创新点125.2 应用前景12参考文献13第1章 设计意义在不同的人之间，不同的年龄之间，身高都存在这差异。因此，旧式课桌的同一高度可能会对某些同学带来不便，从而影响学习效率。为解决这一问题，我设计了该新式课桌。它的腿部可以伸缩，这样就可以使每一位同学根据自己的身高来进行调节，最大限度的是每一位同学可以更好的学习，对促进我国学习学生效率具有重要意义。第2章 设计方案2.1选材中学大学教室课桌椅，一般考虑材质的耐用性能等，考虑到实木价格的略高，且大批量生产的话，会健康环保也不好，所以一般生产厂家会考虑使用各种合成材料（如防火板等）或者各种金属材料（常见的即为优质钢材料）。在这里，我桌面采用优质钢，具有一定的耐磨，耐热、耐酸碱，耐烟灼，耐撞击等性能。架子主体材料全部采用优质钢，壁厚为2 mm，主支撑架钢管壁厚2 mm。轴统一采用45号钢。脚套采用橡胶制作。材质优点：a、耐水：塑钢学生课桌椅放在水中浸泡不变质, 不变形,利于定期清洗,确保学生使用的课桌椅整洁卫生,在清洗教室地板时不容易受潮。b、阻燃：现代学校的教学楼多层建筑,每个教室课桌椅易燃物集中套数多,公共场所防火安全隐患严重,为确保学生有一个安全的学习环境,新产品已具备阻燃要求,防火系数高,安全。c、桌椅面平整面不露钉：学生使用不会损伤身体和损坏衣裤,使用安全感好.桌面平整光滑,更有利于提高现代化学生用硬笔薄纸在桌面上的写画质量,特别是学生的薄纸考卷,能填得字明线清,老师改卷又省力免过错。d、使用移动噪音轻：学生学习的公共场所要确保有安静的环境,教室内课桌椅移动要求噪音轻,可提高学校的教学质量。e、机械性能好：45钢是轴类零件的常用材料，它价格便宜经过调质（或正火）后，可得到较好的切削性能，而且能获得较高的强度和韧性等综合机械性能，淬火后表面硬度可达4552HRC。第3章 主要尺寸设计3.1 整体尺寸本课桌最大尺寸是620 mm430 mm694 mm,桌腿最大伸展长度是657 mm，桌腿最小收缩长度是270 mm。桌面、课斗、桌腿高的允许误差范围为2 mm，其他尺寸误差见GB/T 3916的规定。3.2 各零部件尺寸各零部件按间隙配合装配，配合间隙为0.05 mm。并且各零部件尺寸误差见GB/T 3916的规定。3.2.1 桌身桌身由优质钢形成。其主要尺寸：620x400x20mm。 图3-1桌身3.2.2 桌斗 桌斗由优质钢所制造的厚度为2 mm的优质钢板制成图3-1课斗板身相固定。在课斗板4外侧设有一个500 mm60 mm60 mm的无盖盒体，方便学生放置雨伞、文具等。3.2.3 桌腿桌腿由优质钢所制造的三节空心桌腿通过后两节所带的弹簧按钮相连接。通过弹性装置来实现腿部伸缩，达到调节桌子高度的目的，其桌腿壁厚为2 mm。腿底部装有橡胶制成的脚套，达到保护桌腿、消除噪音的目的。在桌腿底部装有两个固定杆，保证桌子不放生自由移动的现象，保持桌子的的平稳性。其主要尺寸如图3-5为桌腿图3-5桌腿图3-5弹簧按钮1 （注；图5中的弹簧旋向:左旋，总圈数:no=7，工作圈数:no=5，钢丝硬度:HRC4248，表面氧化处理:H.Y.(俗称发黑)，单端并紧磨平。并另一端通过图8中桌腿3前视图所预留孔与其内壁相接，并保证其紧密性。）图3-6弹簧按钮2（注；图6中的弹簧旋向:左旋，总圈数:no=9，工作圈数:no=7，钢丝硬度:HRC4248，表面氧化处理: H.Y.(俗称发黑)，单端并紧磨平。并另一端通过图7中桌腿2右视图所预留孔与其内壁相接，并保证其紧密性。）（腿部有一个螺钉孔，其大径为10 mm，小径为8 mm，长度为2 mm，螺距为1.5 mm，角度为60，左旋。）图3-7脚套3.2.4 连接轴图3-8轴连接轴是本设计中不可或缺的一个环节，满足机器传递运动和转矩的要求，轴上零件除了需要轴向定位外，还必须有可靠的周向定位。除此之外，他还起到连接的作用。轴选用45号碳素结构钢。调制处理。3.2.5 固定杆固定杆是本设计中不可或缺的一个环节。它用于固定桌腿，避免在挪动桌子是腿部发生自主移动现象，也避免了学生在使用过程中桌子产生不稳现象。在整个设计当中起到至关重要的作用。其通过固定螺钉将其与桌腿固定。其主要尺寸如下图3-9固定杆，图3-10固定螺钉。图3-9固定杆(固定杆上有四个螺钉孔，其大径为10 mm，小径为8 mm，长度为4mm，螺距为1.5 mm，角度为60，左旋。）图3-10固定螺钉（紧固螺钉工作部分其大径为10 mm，小径为8 mm，长度为10 mm，螺距为1.5 mm，角度为60，左旋。）第4章 装配图图4-1课桌截面图1桌身，2课斗板1，3课斗板2，4课斗板3，5课斗板4，6桌腿1,7桌腿2，8桌腿3,9脚套，10弹簧按钮1,11弹簧按钮2，12轴1，13轴2，14轴3,15轴4，16轴5,17固定杆,18紧固螺钉。第5章 总结5.1 产品的主要创新点a、采用弹簧伸缩原理使桌子的适用高度可以调节，适用于身高有差差距的学生。b、采用轴将桌子各个零件相互连接 ，使其可以自由拆卸。这样既方便了运输，也为桌子存储节省了大面积的空间。c、在课斗板4后在课斗板4外侧设有一个500 mm80 mm60 mm的无盖盒体，就像一个文具盒一样，可以放一些我们的学习用具和随身小东西。5.2 应用前景 a、该伸缩折叠桌只需人为的进行伸缩折叠后安放。而且结构简单，经济可行而且不占用过多空间在学生教室用具中能担当重要角色，因而具有较大市场价值。 b、 该伸缩桌因腿部可以通过伸缩来调节整个桌子的高度，适用于各个年龄段的学生，及身高有差异的学生团体。可以预想岂有很大的发展前景及空间。会在新的社会潮流中占有一席之地。我相信它会使学生的学习效率大大提高，并因此受广大学生的欢迎与喜爱。 c、该作品成本低,加工简单,工作可靠，可大量生产。 这次毕业设计让我更加熟悉了从理论到实践的跨越。从当初的查阅图书，到现在运行，这中间有很多值得回味的地方。记得几年前在高中学校呆的时候，人们总是对刚接触的事情记忆犹新，我也不例外。做事情有时候是不需要理由的。对于机械CAD、UG软件，我就是如此。因为我对机械制图的兴趣，因此我在两个假期里把CAD、UG研究了一遍，真的发现CAD、UG的功能很强大。我就利用课余时间来学习自己感兴趣的机械CAD、UG方面的知识。由于课程的继续学习我在机械的诸多方面有了相当长远的进步，对其中的相关知识了解了不少，也算是慰藉一下自己空虚的心灵吧。这次的设计，从选题到实现，几乎都是自己独立完成的。从设计的大纲方案，到后来尺寸的计算，我都一丝不苟的认真计算。在写毕业设计新式课桌设计中，多门以前感觉很抽象的课程，如机械基础、机械制图、面向等变得清晰起来，强烈地感觉到这几门理论课程在实践中的重要性。 参考文献1徐灏.新编机械设计师手册【M】.北京：机械工业出版社，1995.2胡家秀.机械零件设计实用手册【M】.北京：机械工业出版社，1999. 3李益民.机械制造工艺设计手册【M】.北京：机械工业出版社，1995.4张耀宸.机械加工工艺设计手册【M】.北京：航空工业出版社，1987.5杨可桢.程光蕴.机械设计基础. 【M】.北京：高等教育出版社，2003.6张绍甫.吴善缘.机械基础.【M】.北京：高等教育出版社，1999.7赵祥.机械基础.【M】.北京：高等教育出版社，2001.4.1 application of the Chinese language application for proxy bidding agency application system. 4.2 bidding agent applications should be submitted by the Agency included in the 5th chapter of the content, and than select file asked to provide appropriate documentation. 4.3 proxy application shall affix its official seal coding and page by page in the specified location. Agent a copy of the application shall have to number the pages and signed original copy (copy) (including supporting documents), and copy should be exactly the same. 4.4 application there shall be no loose pages. 4.5 agent application should be complete with indelible ink (powdered) prints, the agent shall not alter any page of the application. 4.6 bidding agencies offer should be based on the interim measures for the management of tendering agents service charges (meter prices 20021980) rules of the Nineth, tender agent service charges using the difference progressive billing rate. Charges in accordance with the tendering agents service charges and, in conjunction with the provisions of the specific circumstances of the project shall not be floating up and down-floating range must not exceed 20%, otherwise the application cannot pass compliance checks, be invalidated. Due to bidding agency selection and principal-agent contracts signed during charging base bid amount has not yet been produced, it can only be according to the rates of price, bid and the bid amount determines after the end, controlled response rates calculated shall pay tender fee (tender agency fee accounts for the actual bidding agent item for fares). Than the selected person tendering agents service charge control the upper and lower limits, Cap for the State Development Planning Commission of the interim measures for the management of tendering agents service charges (meter prices 20021980) of tendering agents service fees under 100%, the lower limit for the State Development Planning Commission of the interim measures for the management of tendering agents service charges (meter prices 20021980) of tendering agents service fees under 80%. Tendering agents service charge base should include the following tenders: construction, supervision and material over the above tenders are expected to be important, with each tendering agency entrusted with tender bid amount as a base for a separate computation of tendering agents service fees. Tendering agents service fee payment in accordance with the General Office of the State development and Reform Commission on tendering agents service charge of notification on the relevant issues (the change price 2003857). Sale of prequalification documents and solicitation documents going to choose all, pricing should be based on the principle of profit not files, must not violate the relevant provisions in the price Department. 4.7 requirements in the form of application proxy application shall be prepared in the 5th chapter of the format. Application of various supporting documents should be requested by the selection of files grouped by order. Comparison and selection of the bidding agencies must provide supporting documents required by the file; the file you selected does not have the required supporting documents, bidding agency acknowledged the need to provide, or you can provide. Proxy application shall be bound, and page-by-page coded in the order. 5th chapter application format notes: bidding agent .