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Unit 4Public transport【话题词汇话题词汇】1. transport n交通交通 2. disadvantage n不利条件不利条件3. transportation n. 交通交通4. crosswalk n. 人行横道人行横道5. subway n. 地铁地铁6. convenient adj. 方便的方便的7. environmentally friendly adj. 对环境无害的对环境无害的8safe adj. 安全的安全的9. punctual adj. 准时的准时的, 正点的正点的10energy-saving adj. 节能的节能的11. traffic jam 交通堵塞交通堵塞12. with the development of. . . 随着随着的发展的发展13. play an important part in. . . 在在中起重要作用中起重要作用【经典语篇经典语篇】(2013安徽高考安徽高考)假设你校英语社团举办以假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明讲求文明, 从我做起从我做起”为主题的征文活动为主题的征文活动, 请你以请你以“On the Way to School”为题为题, 写一篇写一篇120个词左右的英语短文。个词左右的英语短文。内容主要包括内容主要包括: 1. 遵守交通法规遵守交通法规; 2. 注意举止文明。注意举止文明。On the Way to School引出话题引出话题These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, which cause serious harm to life and the environment. Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone. As for me, it should start on my way to school. 具体做法具体做法I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way. If I ride a bike, Ill always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green. If I walk, Ill never forget to use the pedestrian crossing. Meanwhile, I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy. I will not only keep from littering and spitting anywhere; I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever it is possible. I hope my behavior will make a difference. 【厚积薄发厚积薄发】. 完成句子完成句子(1)公共交通在人们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。公共交通在人们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。Public transportation _. (2)有了飞机和火车这样的现代交通方式有了飞机和火车这样的现代交通方式, 我们能够在短时我们能够在短时间内到任何一个我们想去的地方。间内到任何一个我们想去的地方。_like the plane and the train, we can go anywhere we like in a short time. plays an important role in peoplesdaily lifeWith modern transportation. 句型转换句型转换(1)用动词的用动词的-ing形式改写句。形式改写句。These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, _. (2)用倒装和省略结构改写句。用倒装和省略结构改写句。_, I will also help clean up the roadside litter _. causing serious harm to life and the environmentNot only will I keep from littering and spitting anywherewhenever possible. 单词单词分类记忆分类记忆【核心单词核心单词】不可不记不可不记1. _ (vt. ) 输送输送, 运送运送; 表达表达2. _ (vt. ) 延迟延迟, 延期延期3. _ (vi. &vt. ) (使使)窒息窒息; (使使)哽咽哽咽; 塞满塞满, 堵塞堵塞 (n. ) 哽咽声哽咽声, 呛住的声音呛住的声音4. _ (vt. & vi. )承担承担, 从事从事; 承诺承诺, 答应答应5. _ (vt. & vi. ) 扩大扩大, 扩展扩展, 增大增大6. _(vi. & vt. ) 分割分割, (使使)分开分开; 撕开撕开, 割破割破conveypostponechokeundertakeenlargesplit7. _ (adj. ) 每年的每年的, 一年一次的一年一次的8. _ (adj. ) 准时的准时的, 守时的守时的9. _ (vi. )出现出现, 产生产生10. _ (n. ) 负荷负荷, 负载负载; 大量大量, 许多许多(vt. ) 装载装载, 装上装上, 装入装入11. _ (adv. ) 遗憾地遗憾地, 不幸地不幸地, 可惜地可惜地_(adj. )幸运的幸运的_ (n. )幸运幸运12. _ (adj. )非常坏非常坏(或非常好、非常极端或非常好、非常极端)的的, 令人难以置信的令人难以置信的_ (v. )相信相信_(n. )信仰信仰13. _(n. )人行横道人行横道; 十字路口十字路口, 交叉点交叉点; 穿越穿越_(vt. )穿过穿过annualpunctualariseloadunfortunatelyfortunatefortuneunbelievablebelievebeliefcrossingcross【高频单词高频单词】不可不知不可不知14. _ (prep. ) 经由经由, 经过经过(某一地方某一地方); 通过通过, 凭借凭借15. _ (n. ) 周年纪念日周年纪念日16_ (n. )离开离开, 出发出发; 背离背离, 违反违反17. _ (n& v. )撞车撞车; 碰撞碰撞; 倒闭倒闭; 崩溃崩溃 18. _ (adj. ) 喝醉的喝醉的 (n. ) 酒鬼酒鬼, 醉汉醉汉 viaanniversarydeparturecrashdrunk19. _(n. )询问询问, 咨询咨询; 调查调查, 查究查究, 探究探究_ (v. )询问询问, 打听打听20. _ (n. )接待员接待员_ (n. )接待处接待处_ (vt. )接待接待, 招待招待21._ (n. )预订预订, 预约预约; 保留意见保留意见_ (vt. )预订预订, 订购订购22. _ (vt. )违犯违犯, 违反违反; 侵犯侵犯_ (n. )违反违反enquiryenquirereceptionistreceptionreceive reservationreserveviolateviolation. 短语短语双语互译双语互译1. 中途下客或卸货中途下客或卸货 _2. 联合联合, 连接连接_3. 每隔每隔距离或时间距离或时间 _4. 决定决定, 选定选定_5. 推迟推迟, 推延推延; 使反感使反感 _6. 出现出现, 到来到来; 调高调高(音量等音量等) _drop offlink upat (. . . ) intervalsdecide on/uponput offturn up7. 填写填写(表格表格); 消磨消磨(时间时间)_8. (使使)加速加速 _9. 起因于起因于, 由由引起引起 _10. 给某人接通给某人接通(电话电话); 使经历使经历 _11. a handful of _12. split up _13. traffic jam_fill inspeed uparise fromput through少数的少数的, 少量的少量的分组分组, 分解分解; 分离分离交通堵塞交通堵塞语境取词语境取词选用上面的单词或短语填空选用上面的单词或短语填空After having finished breakfast, he drove to the hotel. _(不幸的是不幸的是), an accident _(出现出现), which was caused by the driver in the car ahead of him who was _(喝醉的喝醉的). As a result, a _(交通堵塞交通堵塞) occurred. So he had to park his car and went to take the subway. Unfortunatelyarosedrunktraffic jamHaving been _(中途下客中途下客) at the hotel gate, he _ himself _ (给给接通电话接通电话)to the _(接待接待员员) for detailed information about the _(周年纪念周年纪念日日) and made _ (询问询问)about whether the Prime Minister would attend _(准时地准时地). But he was told that it was _(推迟推迟). dropped offputthroughreceptionistanniversaryenquiriespunctuallyput off. 句型句型超级仿写超级仿写1. as 引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句_(随着更好随着更好的挖掘隧道方法的研制的挖掘隧道方法的研制), the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884. 【仿写仿写】随着时间的推移随着时间的推移, 我被造得越来越小。我被造得越来越小。_, I was made smaller. As better ways for digging tunnels were developedAs time went by2. 现在分词完成式作状语现在分词完成式作状语_(看到这种情况看到这种情况), a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook the job of improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. 【仿写仿写】因法语考试不及格因法语考试不及格, 我决定集中精力学习法语。我决定集中精力学习法语。_, I decided to concentrate on French. Having seen the situationHaving failed my French exam3. Why not. . . ? 为什么不为什么不? So, _(为什么不乘坐最古老的地铁观赏一番为什么不乘坐最古老的地铁观赏一番)today? 【仿写仿写】为什么不给她写信呢为什么不给她写信呢? 她需要你的建议。她需要你的建议。_? She needs your advice. why not take a trip on the oldest underground systemWhy not write to her4. “while+doing”省略结构省略结构Recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phones _(驾车时驾车时)has increased by 30 per cent. 【仿写仿写】在遛狗时在遛狗时, 我不小心松开了绳我不小心松开了绳, 狗被车撞了。狗被车撞了。_, I was careless to loose the rope and the dog was hit by a car. while drivingWhile walking the dog5. even if引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句If you are with someone who has been drinking alcohol, _ _(即使只是几杯啤酒即使只是几杯啤酒), do not allow them to drive. 【仿写仿写】尽管你认为这些规则不公正尽管你认为这些规则不公正, 但也得遵守。但也得遵守。You must keep to the rules _. evenif it is just a couple of beerseven if you think theyre unfair【重点单词重点单词】1. convey vt. 运送运送(from/to), 输送输送; 表达表达【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】Passengers _ _ by bus _ the airport. 用公交车运送乘客们到机场。用公交车运送乘客们到机场。Would you please _ _ _ _ _ your mother? 请向你母亲传达我的祝愿请向你母亲传达我的祝愿, 好吗好吗? are conveyedtoconvey my good wishes toShe realized that Johnson was trying to _ _ _ that he was lonely. 她意识到约翰逊是在尽力向她表达他的寂寞。她意识到约翰逊是在尽力向她表达他的寂寞。convey to her【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】convey sth. /sb. to some place 把某物把某物/某人送到某地某人送到某地convey ones feelings/thanks to sb. 向某人表达某种情感向某人表达某种情感/谢意谢意convey news/information to sb. 把消息把消息/信息传给某人信息传给某人convey meanings 传达意思传达意思convey sb. sth. /convey sth. to sb. 向某人传达某事向某人传达某事*(2012陕西高考陕西高考)Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances, so do companies. 正如人们通过外貌来传递有关自己的信息一样正如人们通过外貌来传递有关自己的信息一样, 公司也是如公司也是如此。此。*Premier Li conveyed his sorrow for the dead and ordered the necessities (should) be conveyed immediately to the earthquake-stricken areas. 李总理表达了对死者的哀悼李总理表达了对死者的哀悼, 并下令立即将必需品运送到地并下令立即将必需品运送到地震灾区。震灾区。【猜一猜猜一猜熟词生义熟词生义】观察句子观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。写出黑体部分的含义。He conveyed the land to his friend. ( )转让所有权转让所有权, 让给让给【拓展延伸拓展延伸】convey表示表示“传送、传达传送、传达”, 常指通过媒介传递、输送常指通过媒介传递、输送, 也常用来表示交流、使知道、传达信息、情感等也常用来表示交流、使知道、传达信息、情感等carry适用范围很广适用范围很广, 但常常表示移动时搬运着某物但常常表示移动时搬运着某物(carry a suitcase/bag), 还可指通过某种渠道或媒还可指通过某种渠道或媒介进行输送介进行输送(carry blood to the heart), 强调输送强调输送在移动、运动中进行在移动、运动中进行transport主要限于人或有形物体的、往往是长距离的运动主要限于人或有形物体的、往往是长距离的运动, 常指交通运输常指交通运输2. arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现出现; 发生发生; 起身起身; 起床起床; 上升上升; 产生产生【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】观察句子观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。写出黑体部分的含义。Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment. ( )Accidents often arise from carelessness. ( )A curl of smoke is arising out of the chimney. ( ) They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park. ( )Seeing their teacher come into the classroom, all the students arose from the chairs. ( )出现出现由由而引起而引起上升上升起床起床起立起立【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】(1)arise为不及物动词为不及物动词, 没有被动语态。没有被动语态。arise 作作“发生发生; 出现出现”之意时之意时, 主语多为一个抽象名词主语多为一个抽象名词, 如如argument/problem/ quarrel/question等。等。(2)arise from/out of 由由而引起而引起; 从从中产生中产生【辨一辨辨一辨明晰异同明晰异同】原形原形过去式过去式过去分词过去分词arise(vi. )出现出现, 发生发生, 起因于起因于arosearisenarouse(vt. )唤醒唤醒, 激起激起arousedarousedrise(vi. )升起升起, 起身起身, 增长增长, 上升上升roserisen3. load n. 负荷负荷, 负载负载; 大量大量, 许多许多vt. 装载装载, 装上装上, 装入装入【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】Good news _ _ _ _ my mind. 好消息打消了我的顾虑。好消息打消了我的顾虑。Its not easy to _ so many goods _ the truck in such a short time. 要在这么短的时间里把这么多货物装上卡车可不容易。要在这么短的时间里把这么多货物装上卡车可不容易。took a load offloadonto【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】(1)a load of=loads of=plenty of大量大量, 许多许多take a load off ones mind打消某人的顾虑打消某人的顾虑a heavy load for sb. 对某人来说是一种重负对某人来说是一种重负(2)load (up). . . with. . . 用用装装load. . . onto/into. . . 把把装到装到上去上去load off ones mind去除某人的精神负担去除某人的精神负担*(2013浙江高考浙江高考)Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. 通常这种最早期的广告形式涉及了一艘刚抵达的装满货物的通常这种最早期的广告形式涉及了一艘刚抵达的装满货物的船只。船只。*We got a load of complaints about the loud music. 因为音乐的声音放得大了因为音乐的声音放得大了, 我们招来了许多抱怨。我们招来了许多抱怨。【核心短语核心短语】4. put through 给某人接通给某人接通(电话电话); 使经历使经历; 使成功使成功; 使通过使通过; 完成完成【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】观察句子观察句子, 写出黑体部分的含义。写出黑体部分的含义。Please put me through to this number. ( )The project has been put through successfully. ( )Both the boys were put through the pains they had never experienced before. ( )They put all the students through the important exams. ( )接通接通使完成使完成使经历使经历使通过使通过【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】put back延误延误, 拖延拖延put down 放下放下, 记下记下, 平定平定put forward 提出提出put off 推迟推迟, 拖延拖延, 使反感使反感put up 举起举起, 建造建造, 张贴张贴5. decide on/upon 决定决定, 选定选定【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】Lets put our heads together and _ _ _ _ of action. 让我们集思广益让我们集思广益, 决定一项行动计划。决定一项行动计划。Were still trying to _ _ a venue. 我们仍然在设法选定一个会场。我们仍然在设法选定一个会场。He has already _ _ where to go. 他已经决定去哪儿了。他已经决定去哪儿了。decide on/upon a plandecide on/upondecided on/upon【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】(1)decide that. . . 决定决定decide for/against 做出对做出对有利有利/不利的判决不利的判决(2)decision n. 决定决定make a decision 做出决定做出决定come to/arrive at/reach a decision做出决定做出决定6. speed up (使使)加速加速【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】The train soon _ _. 火车很快加速了。火车很快加速了。If you _ _ _ _, we can finish before it is dark. 要是你加紧工作要是你加紧工作, 我们可以在天黑前完成。我们可以在天黑前完成。speeded upspeed up your work【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】speed by(时间时间)很快地过去很快地过去, 飞逝飞逝at a speed of 以以速度速度at high/low/full/top speed以高以高/低低/全全/最高速度最高速度with (all) speed 快速地快速地pick up speed以全速以全速, 开足马力开足马力, 加快速度加快速度*(2013山东高考山东高考)According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. 根据设计者的说法根据设计者的说法, 为了不对行人造成伤害为了不对行人造成伤害, Lampbrella将以将以相对较低的速度移动。相对较低的速度移动。【拓展延伸拓展延伸】with, at与与speed搭配意不同搭配意不同表示抽象、模糊的速度时表示抽象、模糊的速度时, speed前的介词往往用前的介词往往用with, 如如with speed, with all speed, with great/amazing speed; 而表示而表示极端或具体的速度时极端或具体的速度时, 往往用往往用at, 如如at full speed, at high speed, at top speed, at low speed, at ordinary speed, at a speed of. . . 等。等。【经典句式经典句式】7. So, why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today? 所以所以, 今天为什么不乘坐最古老的地铁游览一番呢今天为什么不乘坐最古老的地铁游览一番呢? 【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】仿写句子。仿写句子。_the teacher for advice? 为什么不向老师征求意见呢为什么不向老师征求意见呢? _right now? 为什么不现在就做为什么不现在就做? Why not turn toWhy not do it【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】Why not do sth. ? 为什么不做某事呢为什么不做某事呢? (表示建议表示建议)Why do sth. ? 为什么要做某事呢为什么要做某事呢? (表示不满或委婉的批评表示不满或委婉的批评)【拓展延伸拓展延伸】表示表示“建议建议”的常见句型还有的常见句型还有: Lets do. . . 让我们做让我们做吧。吧。Shall we do. . . ? 让我们做让我们做, 好吗好吗? Would you like to do. . . ? 你想要你想要/愿意做愿意做吗吗? Will you please do. . . ? 请你做请你做, 好吗好吗? What/How about doing. . . ? 做做怎么样怎么样? I suggest that sb. (should) do sth. . 我建议某人做某事。我建议某人做某事。Youd better (not) do. . . 你最好你最好(不不)做做8. If you are with someone who has been drinking alcohol, even if it is just a couple of beers, do not allow them to drive. 如果你和喝了酒的人在一起如果你和喝了酒的人在一起, 即使只是几杯啤酒即使只是几杯啤酒, 也不要允也不要允许他们开车。许他们开车。【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】仿写句子。仿写句子。Native English speakers can understand each other _the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人以英语作为母语的人, 即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同, 也可以也可以相互理解。相互理解。He will tell the truth to the public _. 即使意味着他将失去工作即使意味着他将失去工作, 他也告诉公众这个事实。他也告诉公众这个事实。even ifthey dont speakeven if it means he willlose his job【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】even if/though通常引导让步状语从句通常引导让步状语从句, 意为意为“即使即使, 尽尽管管”, 所引导的从句常用一般现在时代指将来。在主从句主所引导的从句常用一般现在时代指将来。在主从句主语相同时语相同时, 也可采用省略句结构。也可采用省略句结构。*I wont take part in his party even if (I am) invited. 即使受到邀请即使受到邀请, 我也不去参加他的晚会。我也不去参加他的晚会。【拓展延伸拓展延伸】even though/if和和although/though的区别的区别(1)当让步状语从句的动词用一般现在时表示将来的假设或一当让步状语从句的动词用一般现在时表示将来的假设或一般的行为习惯时般的行为习惯时, 通常用通常用even though/if, 一般不用一般不用though, although。She wont leave the TV set even though/if suppers on the table. 即使晚饭已摆在桌上即使晚饭已摆在桌上, 她也不愿意离开电视机。她也不愿意离开电视机。(2)当让步状语从句的动词用虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设当让步状语从句的动词用虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设时时, 大多数用大多数用even though/if, 而不用而不用though, although。You are not stupid. Even though/if you were slow at study, you shouldnt give up your studies. 你并不傻。即使你学得慢一点你并不傻。即使你学得慢一点, 也不应该放弃学习。也不应该放弃学习。(3)在省略了主语在省略了主语, be动词或行为动词的让步状语从句中动词或行为动词的让步状语从句中, 常常常常用用though/although, 而不用而不用even though, even if。He performed the task well, although/though(he performed it)slowly. 尽管做得有些慢尽管做得有些慢, 但他把任务完成得很好。但他把任务完成得很好。【要点拾遗要点拾遗】1. postpone vt. 延迟延迟, 延期延期【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】The visit has now _ _ indefinitely. 参观现在已经被无限期推迟了。参观现在已经被无限期推迟了。He decided _ _ the expedition until the following day. 他决定把探险推迟到第二天。他决定把探险推迟到第二天。They _ _ an answer to a request. 他们耽搁了对一项请求的答复。他们耽搁了对一项请求的答复。been postponedto postponepostponed sending【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】postpone. . . to. . . 搁置某事去做另一件事搁置某事去做另一件事postpone (doing) sth. 推迟推迟(做做)某事某事postpone sth. to/until. . . 把把推迟到推迟到*The mother postponed all other business to the task of smoothing her crying child. 母亲放下一切别的事情母亲放下一切别的事情, 先去抚慰哭着的孩子。先去抚慰哭着的孩子。*The inevitable conflict was merely postponed till the next meeting. 那场无法避免的冲突只不过是推迟到了下一次会议的时候罢那场无法避免的冲突只不过是推迟到了下一次会议的时候罢了。了。【辨一辨辨一辨明晰异同明晰异同】postpone动作主体是人动作主体是人, 表示有意识地推迟、延迟时间表示有意识地推迟、延迟时间delay强调因某种困难或障碍而延误强调因某种困难或障碍而延误, 动作主体是困难本动作主体是困难本身身, 延迟的时间不确定延迟的时间不确定, 也可能是无限延迟也可能是无限延迟2. choke vi. & vt. (使使)窒息窒息; (使使)哽咽哽咽; 塞满塞满, 堵塞堵塞 n. 哽咽声哽咽声, 呛住的声音呛住的声音【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】He didnt like the food but he managed to _ it _. 他不喜欢那些食物他不喜欢那些食物, 但还是设法吞咽下去了。但还是设法吞咽下去了。She almost _ _ _ in the thick fumes. 她几乎被浓烟呛死。她几乎被浓烟呛死。chokedownchoked to death【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】choke back控制住控制住, 忍住忍住choke off阻止阻止; 制止制止; 限制限制; 打断打断; 停止停止choke to death 窒息而死窒息而死choke sth. down硬咽硬咽, 硬吞硬吞choke up(因感情激动而因感情激动而)哽咽哽咽; 阻塞阻塞; 塞满塞满; 堵塞堵塞(通道、空间等通道、空间等)*High prices choked off demand. 高昂的价格制约了需求。高昂的价格制约了需求。*The roads are choked up with traffic. 几条路都在塞车。几条路都在塞车。3. split vi. & vt. 分割分割, (使使)分开分开; 撕开撕开, 割破割破【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】The wood _ _. 这块木头很容易劈开。这块木头很容易劈开。If the chicken is fairly small, you may simply _ _ _ _. 如果鸡比较小如果鸡比较小, 你把它切成两半就行了。你把它切成两半就行了。splits easilysplit it in half【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】split up分组分组; 分解分解; 分离分离, 解散解散; 绝交绝交split (up) into. . . 分开分开(成几部分成几部分)split (sth. ) in two/half把把分成两块分成两块split sth. between. . . 在在之间分摊某物之间分摊某物, 在在之间分配某物之间分配某物*The day was split up into 6 one-hour sessions. 一天的活动被分成一天的活动被分成6个时段个时段, 每个时段每个时段1小时。小时。*Profits were split between three companies. 利润在利润在3家公司之间分配。家公司之间分配。*Shes split up with her boyfriend because of different characters. 由于性格不合由于性格不合, 她已和男友分手了。她已和男友分手了。4. reservation n. 预订预订, 预约预约; 保留意见保留意见【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】Ill call the restaurant and _ _ _. 我要给饭店打个电话预订我要给饭店打个电话预订(座位座位)。The instruction should be carried out _ any _. 应当不折不扣地执行这个指示。应当不折不扣地执行这个指示。make a reservationwithoutreservation【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】(1)make reservations 预订预订without reservation毫无保留地毫无保留地(2)reserve v. 保留保留; 预订预订; 储备储备 n贮藏贮藏(物物); 储备储备reserve sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物为某人准备某物in reserve 备用备用*Id like to reserve a table for three for eight oclock. 我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。我想预订八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。*There were patrol cars on the streets and police standing by in reserve. 巡逻车在街上守候巡逻车在街上守候, 警察也在一旁待命。警察也在一旁待命。5. undertake vt. &vi. 承担承担, 从事从事; 承诺承诺, 答应答应【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】They _ _ _ _. 他们承担了一项危险的任务。他们承担了一项危险的任务。He _ _ _ the job by Friday. 他答应在星期五之前完成这份工作。他答应在星期五之前完成这份工作。undertook a dangerous taskundertook to finish【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】undertake sth. 承担某事承担某事undertake to do sth. 答应做某事答应做某事undertake that. . . 同意同意/答应答应/担保担保*I can undertake that you will enjoy the play. 我保证你会喜欢这出戏的。我保证你会喜欢这出戏的。6. link up 联合联合, 连接连接【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】The bands have _ _ for a charity concert. 这些乐队已经联合起来办一场慈善音乐会。这些乐队已经联合起来办一场慈善音乐会。We _ _ _ the company. 我们与这家公司联手合作。我们与这家公司联手合作。linked uplink up with【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】be linked to与与有关联有关联link with 联合起来联合起来, 联系在一起联系在一起link up with 与与联合或连接联合或连接link. . . to把把与与连接或联系起来连接或联系起来*Exposure to the sun for a long time is closely linked to skin cancer. 长时间受阳光照射与皮肤癌紧密相关。长时间受阳光照射与皮肤癌紧密相关。*The two spacecraft will link up with each other in orbit. 两艘宇宙飞船将于轨道上互相连接。两艘宇宙飞船将于轨道上互相连接。7. Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, undertook the job of improving the system in 1902 by obtaining ownership of the many different lines and setting up the Underground Electric Railways Company of London. 看到这种情况看到这种情况, 一位名叫查尔斯一位名叫查尔斯耶基斯的美国富商于耶基斯的美国富商于1902年年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程承担起了改善地铁系统的工程, 他买下许多不同的地铁线他买下许多不同的地铁线, 创创立了伦敦电力地铁公司。立了伦敦电力地铁公司。【填一填填一填激活思维激活思维】仿写句子。仿写句子。_, Martin found himself in an unfamiliar district. 由于乘错了公交车由于乘错了公交车, 马丁发现自己到了一个不熟悉的地区。马丁发现自己到了一个不熟悉的地区。_, the visitors were taken to the painting exhibition. 参观了图书馆之后参观了图书馆之后, 游客们又被带到了绘画展馆。游客们又被带到了绘画展馆。Having taken the wrong busHaving been shown around the library【记一记记一记构建知识构建知识】having seen the situation是分词短语的现在完成式是分词短语的现在完成式, 表示表示动作发生在主句的谓语动作之前动作发生在主句的谓语动作之前, 完成式在句中作时间状语完成式在句中作时间状语或原因状语或原因状语, 其否定形式是在其否定形式是在having前加前加not, 主动形式为主动形式为having done, 被动形式为被动形式为having been done。*Not having got any news from her family, she was very worried. 没有得到家人的任何消息没有得到家人的任何消息, 她非常担心。她非常担心。*Having been warned of the typhoon, people had little loss in it. 关于这次台风人们已经得到了警告关于这次台风人们已经得到了警告, 所以人们的损失很少。所以人们的损失很少。
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