高考短文改错复习专题

高考短文改错复习专题高考短文改错技巧，答题技巧总结1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。1) Ihavemanyhobby,suchasfootball,sing,listenmusic.Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式；playingfootball项运动，football只;种球；sing和listento要用动名词形式。2) Doexercisesdogoodtoourhealthy.3) exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，doexercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数；healthy是形容词，这里要用名词形式。4) Readingbooksisoneofmyhobby.oneof后的名词应用复数形式。2.代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、寸斤代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。1) .Hedrovetoofast,andthepolicestoppedher.前圜提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him.2) .ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.先行词前后最高级修t应用关系代词that而/、是whicho3.冠词：英语中只有二个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了；该用an用了a,该用a(n)却用了the.1) Imeanttowriteletterandtellyouallthethingsletter为可数名词，故write后应加a.2) Ilikeplayingthefootball.去the3) Heisahonestboy.a改为an4.介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。1) Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.thanksb.forsth.为固定搭配,故应将with改为for.2) Imthehappiestll.此句想表达的意思是我是所有人中最高兴的。故应将in改为of.3) Underthehelpofmyfather,Iunder改为with6 / 75,形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主 要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的 地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时 就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是 否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、 副词误用也是常考的改错项目之一。6,连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连 词用的是否正确，是否符合句子意思； 连接的是 词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平 行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but ,4) He went to Beijing in next Sunday.去掉in1) I had not interest in English .interest 是名 词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副 词不能修饰名2) These are the happier girls I ve此处有I ve ever seen定，应用最高级，故 happier应改为 happiest.3) You can borrow a book very easy. easy 改为 easily.4) These books are very worth reading. 用 well修饰ever se(1) As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting.由于前句有As引导原因状语从句，因此后 句不能再用so,故应把so去掉。2) The population is growing, but the earthnotonlybutalso，notbut，mustsupporttoomanypeople.eitheror，neithernor，as镰ellas根据上下文意思判断，前后两个并列分句不存在意义上的折，所以but应改为and或so这是典型的并列连词误用1)动词的时态、语态错误a. Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.7,动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重 最大，它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错 误；易混动词的用法错误；动词的第三人称单数 错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配 错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。takephotos动作发生在过去，应用过去时.b. Thebookyouborrowedfromthelibraryshouldreturnedinfivedays.根据本句意义，should后应加上been,构成被动语态。c. Inschool,Ioftenplayingfootballformyfriends.playing改为play;for改为withd. 易混动词使用错误a. Ipersuadedhimtostopsmoking,buthedidntlisten.意为说服”、强调成功的结果，而根据下旬hedidntlisten知，劝说并没有成功，故应改persuade狈advised.b. Youpleaseriseyourhands.rise是不及物动词，而raise是及物动词，所以举手应用raiseyourhands这属于及物动词与不及物动词的误用。3)非谓语动词使用错误a. Wearelookingforwardtoseeyouonthebirthdayparty.lookforwardto中的to是介词，应加动名词，将see改为seeing.b. ImsorryIkeepiywaitforalongtime.Igotcaughtinthetraffic.doing在任何tf况下keep均和doing连用，如keepdoingsth.;keepsb.(sth).doingsth.;keepfro等.c. Idliketoyourpenfriend,andgettokncmoreaboutyourcountry.to后加be。因其后是名词，而不是动词原形，不能直接用to.1) Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary.8,词语固定搭配：主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定 搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介 词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词， 英语中的一 些固定句型与习惯搭配等。keepadiary是固定搭配，意思是写日记”.2) Inmysurprise,hedidverywellinhispreviousjob.Toonessurprise固定搭酉己3) Ithoughtthatwasdulltowatchagame-(NMET2019)此题考查it的功能，It+be+adj.+todo为固定结构。4) theactivitiesarenotonlyenjoyableandalsohelpful.解析：notonlybutalso为固定结构,故将and改为but.Ihavenolearnmaths.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.为固定结构6)Hespendstoomuchtimeplaygames.spendsometime(in)doingsthi为固定结构规律：181比例(即多一词1个；缺一词1个；错词8个)【热点题型】题型一名词和冠词例1、【提分秘籍】1 .指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。2 .冠词a,an和the的用法错误.【热点题型】题型二动词例2、【提分秘籍】1 .谓语动词主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误2 .非谓语动词(1)非谓语动词细辨别不定式动名词作主语、宾语and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致现在分词和过去分词的区别等(2)名词动词的修饰词修饰名词、系动词要用形容词；修饰动词、形容词、整个句子用副词；比较级和最高级的使用。形容词的ed形式与ing形式【举一反三】【热点题型】题型三连词例3、ImsorryandIwontbeabletocometonight.【提分秘籍】连词but,and,or,so和although等的用法错误.【举一反三】【热点题型】题型四代词例4、1 ,1justsmiledtomeandthought,WhatcanIdo.Wearequestsafterall/1myself2 ,Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.their3 .Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.us【提分秘籍】1 .人称代词的误用2 .人称代词格的误用3 .反身代词的误用【热点题型】题型五从句引导词例5、【提分秘籍】复合句中从句的关系词或引导词运用是否得当【举一反三】2019年（全国卷I）Everyoneofuscanmakeagreateffortstocutofftheuseofenergyinourcountry.Tobeginwith,allofuscanstartreducingtotheuseofoilbydrivingonlywhenwehavearealneed.Thatwonteasy,Iknow,butwehavetostartanywhere.Whatsmore,wecangotoworkbybikeonceandtwiceaweek,andwecanalsobuysmallercarsthatburnlessoil.Otherwayistowatchoureverydayuseofwaterandelectricathome.Forexample,howmanytimeshaveyouwalkedoutofaroomandleavethelightsortelevisionwhennooneelsewasthere?（2）2019年（全国卷II）DearEditor,Imwritingtotellyouopinionaboutwatersaving.Waterisimportant.We,aswellasanimal,cannotlivewithoutwaterandneitheragricultureorindustrycangowithoutit.Yetitseemedwaterisbecominglessandless.Manycountriesintheworldfindwedorithaveenoughwater.Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,we5/7shouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.Next,nodrinkingwatershouldleftrunning.Third,weshouldfindwaystoreusethewaterusinginwashing,especiallybathwaterforwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsavemuchwater.Sincerely,LiHua(3)2019年1Ihardlyremembermygrandmother.Sheusedtoholdingmeonherkneesandsingoldsongs.Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.Sheisjustadistantmemoryformenow.Iremembermygrandfatherverymuch.Hewastall,withbroadshoulderandabeardthatturnedfromblacktowardgrayovertheyears.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselfapartfromothersinoursmalltown,hewasstrongandpowerful.Inafact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.However,hewasthegentlestmanIhaveneverknown.(4)2019年2ThebookImreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritainItissaidtohavestartedintheearly1800sHaveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8oclockatnightThiscustomsoonbecomesanothermealofdayInteresting,ithadaconnectionbytheBritishporcelain(瓷器)industryTeainChinawastraditionallydrankfromcupswithouthandlesWhenteagotpopularinBritain,therewasacryingneedforgoodcupwithhandlestosuitBritishhabitsThismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry(5) 2019年(全国一卷)MyfatherandIstayedattheSouthLakeHotelforaweekwhenwevisitBeijinglastmonth.Itisinthedowntownarea,butitiseasytogotoanywherefromthehotelbypublictransport.Welivedinacomfortablydouble-roomwithabigbath.WhatIlikedbestwerethefreehigh-speedInternetconnectionintheroom.Icheckedmyemailmessageseveryday.IalsosharedformyfriendsmanyphotostakinginBeijing.Thefoodwaswonderfulwithreasonableprices,andweenjoyedseverallocaldish.ItissuchgreathotelthatIwouldrecommendittoanyfriendofmewhoisgoingtoBeijing.(6)2019年(全国二卷)Twoyearsbefore,ItraveledtoBrazilandIrentedforacar.Unfortunate,Ihadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.Icalledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemwhathadhappened.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmyselfbecauseIwassofartheraway,andthatmymotherwouldnotsleepifsheknew.Therefore,ItoldtheminterestedstoriesandhowIwasenjoyingBrazil.Asaresult,nobodyknewtruth.Istillthinkthatitwastherightthingtodo.(7) Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpbyourfather,mysisterandIplantedsomecherry6/7tomatoes色女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethen-foralltheseyeaLwehadbeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.Asresult,theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbours.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!(8) MyfathertookmeoutcampingforthefirsttimewhenIwasseven.Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals,insectsandtrees.Myunclesallcomealongwithbowsandarrowsforhunting.Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.Justthenabirdwasflyingoverus.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowsonthebird.Neitherofthearrowshitthetarget.Suddenlythearrowswasflyingdownatusfromtheskytheywerelookedlikerain!Werantoescapebutfortunatelynoonewasinjured.ThatdayIdidntlearnmuchaboutanimals,insectsortrees,butIlearntaimpressivelessonaboutgravity(9) DearJeremyandAlice,Althoughwevebeendelightedtohaveyouasneighbours,werehopingtosettlesomethingthatbotherstous.Inaword,yourdogCleo.WerecalledseveraltimeaboutCleosearlymorningbarking.Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshesoutside.Theearlymorningbarkinghavebeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.Beside,Cleotendstobarkaaverageofsixhoursaday.Thismorningshestartsbarkingevenbefore5oclock.Thatistoomuchforus,consideringhowcloselythehousesare.Weappreciateourapologiesandgoodwill,butwehopethatyoucanfigureagoodwayofsettlingthematter.(10) Mydreamschoolstartsat830amandendsat330pm.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidntneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.9 / 7