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Module4Unit 3Tomorrows world（1）1、 besides adv. & prep. 除以外还， 如同plus()。They all went there besides Tom. 除汤姆去了以外，他们也都去了。I dont like the color of the dress. Besides, its too expensive. 我不喜欢这裙子的颜色，另外它也太贵了。except 意思是“除了之外”。except for 是except引申出来的一个词组，它所指代的除去的部分和主题不是一个层次的。except 从句除了but prep. 除了，相当于apart from; exceptapart from 既可以相当于except for, 又可以相当于besidesI enjoy doing anything in the holiday except doing homework. 假期里我什么都愿意干，就是不想做作业。Your article is quite good this time except for some spelling mistakes. 你的文章很好，就是有几处拼写错误。(这里的文章和拼写错误不是一个层面上的东西)He never goes out except when he needs to buy something. 除了需要买东西外，他从不出门。I could come every day except Thursday. 除了星期四，我每天都能来。Apart from the low salary, its not a bad job. 除了薪水少了点，这工作不算差。I would go with you, _ I have to work that day. A. besides B. except C. besides that D. except thatD那天如果我要工作则不能和你一起去，所以选择except，同时其后跟的是宾语从句，从句的结构与意义均完整，用连词that引导。2、 injure vt. 使使受伤，损害受伤，损害They were slightly/seriously/badly injured in the crash. 在冲撞中，他们受到了轻伤/严重的伤。This could seriously injure the schools reputation. 这件事严重地损害了学校的荣誉。injured adj. 受伤的injury n. 伤口，受伤处do an injury to sb. 伤害某人an injured look / expression 一副委屈的样子/神色injured pride / feelings 受伤的自尊/感情hurt (身体部位)感到疼；(肉体上或精神上)受到伤害。wound 受伤(枪伤、刀伤等)，是出血且严重的伤，特指战场上受的伤。harm 意指无形的伤害，“对有害”。injure 指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的丧失。 My chest _ when I make a deep breath, doctor. A. harms B. wounds C. hurts D. injuresC根据句意：我在深呼吸时会胸痛。其后没有宾语，只能用不及物动词hurt。3、 escape vi. 逃跑，逃脱 vt. 逃脱，避免；记不起 n. 逃跑，逃脱The soldiers escaped from the enemys prison. 这个士兵从敌人的监狱逃出来。You are lucky to escape punishment(being punished) 你避免受罚，真是幸运。He made his escape in disguise. 他化装后逃走了。Ive met him before, but his name escaped me. 我以前见过他，但我记不起他的名字。 escape from 从逃脱；逃避escape death 死里逃生escape ones notice 没注意narrow escape 九死一生There is no escaping the fact that不可否认的是 Mike often attempted to escape_whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined D考查非谓语动词。escape后只接动名词。又由于非谓语动词的动作并不发生在escape之前，所以答案是D。4、 accuse vt. & vi. 指责，谴责；控诉指责，谴责；控诉 Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes. 人类常把自身的不幸归罪于天。They accused him of taking bribes. 他们指控他犯有贿赂罪。accuse sb. of sth. / doing sth. 指控，指责，责怪某人做某事the accused 被告结构相似的短语：rob sb. of sth. 抢走某人某物inform sb. of sth. 通知 / 告诉某人某事warn sb. of sth. 告诫某人某事remind sb. of / about sth. / sb. 使某人想起某人或某事 Tom was _ of stealing the diamond in the supermarket. A. accused B. charged C. accusing D. charging Aaccuse sb. of doing sth./charge sb. with sth. 指控某人做某事。1、 give out 散发，用光，分发，筋疲力尽散发，用光，分发，筋疲力尽The flowers in the garden give out a pleasant smell.花园里的花散发出怡人的芳香。After climbing up to the top of the mountain, I gave out. 在我爬上山顶之后，我就筋疲力尽了。In order to go to school, the 7yearold boy made money by giving out leaflets in the street. 这个7岁的小男孩为了上学在街上发传单赚钱。give sth. back 将某事物归还原主； 恢复，回复give away 赠送；分发(奖品等)；让与；泄露，暴露give up 放弃；投案；投降give over 交托；移交；交出give (sth.) off 发出，放出(烟，气味，光线等)give in 屈服，让步，投降；呈交What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _？ A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used upA用适当的词填空This fire doesnt seem to be giving _ much heat.The authorities showed no signs of giving _ to the kidnappers demands.Her patience finally gave _.The doctors had given her _ but she made a remarkable recovery.The news of the Presidents death was given _ in a radio broadcast.The expression on her face gave her _.offinoutupoutaway2、put forward 调快调快(钟表，时间钟表，时间)，提出，提出(观点、议案观点、议案等以供人考虑或讨论等以供人考虑或讨论)，推荐，推荐The clock slows down. Please put forward the hands of it. 钟慢了，请把指针调快些。She has decided to put her name / put herself forward as a candidate. 她打算推荐自己作为候选人。The ideas you put forward deserve serious consideration. 你提出的那些想法值得认真考虑一下。 put / set / lay aside 搁置一旁； 把(钱，时间等)留存起来，储蓄； 抑制(愤怒等)；忽视(忠告等)put away 收拾起来，放好； 储蓄put asideput back 放回； 拨回钟表的针put down 放下，使乘客下车； 记下，写下； 镇压put off 推迟； 脱去，除去put on 穿上； 增加(速度，体重等); 上演put out 伸出； 扑灭； 生产put together 组合，拼凑put up 举起； 建造，挂起； 提高(价钱)put up with 容忍Its reported that Changsha has _ the general plan for citybuilding. A. put out B. put forward C. put up D. put awayB3、add to 使增强，使扩大使增强，使扩大 addto 往加add up to总计为，总和是add fuel to the fire火上浇油The bad weather only added to our difficulties. 恶劣的天气只是增加了我们的困难。Please add some salt to the soup. 请往汤里加点盐。The numbers added up to exactly 100. 这些数字总和正好100。He added that the importance to rid the world of hunger should be emphasized. 他补充说明，消除世界饥饿的重要性要再加强调。 added adj. 额外的；附加的；增添的 addition n. 除此之外； 另外 in addition (to) 除此之外The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. addedCadd作伴随状语，在这里表示“补充说”。The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather _ the helplessness of the crew. A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made upA句意：“轮船的发动机出了故障和恶劣的天气增加了船员的无助。” 考查词组辨析。added to 增加； resulted from 由引起； turned out 生产；结果证明； made up 构成，组成。根据语境用add的适当短语填空The said it was not easy to manage a company，_ that the financial crisis _ the difficulties. The week before, he _all the expenses and the total _ more than 100,000 yuan. adding(补充说)added to(增加)added up(把加起来)added up to(加起来的总和是，共计)4、 at a speed of 以某种速度以某种速度New maglev train nowadays can travel at an amazing speed of 430 km / h. 目前的磁悬浮火车能以每小时430千米的惊人速度行驶。at top / full speed 以全速speed up 加速at a safe / dangerous / low / high speed 以安全 / 危险 / 低 / 高的速度pick up / gather speed 加快速度He was driving at top speed down the street when the accident happened. 当事故发生时他正沿着街道高速驾驶。This drug may have the effect of speeding up your heart rate. 这种药物能够使你的心率加速。Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment使用者不仅能够感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步使用者不仅能够感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音观和声音。(1) not onlybut also 应连接两个相对称的并列成分(主语、谓语、宾语、状语或分句)。She not only sings well but also dances beautifully. She doesnt only sing well but also dance beautifully. 她不仅唱得好，而且跳得也很好看。(2) not onlybut also 连接两个分句，并且 not only 位于句首时，第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat.太阳不仅给我们光，还给了我们热。Not only did your remark annoy Alixon but also it ruined our party. 你那番话不仅惹怒了Alixon, 还毁了我们的聚会。(3)not onlybut also 不能用在否定句中。误： They dont fear not only hardship but also death.正： They fear neither hardship nor death.正： They dont fear either hardship or death.(4) not onlybut also 连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan. 不仅仅学生，而且老师也反对这个计划。Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan. 不仅仅老师，学生也反对这个计划。B“新技术用在了教学中。结果，不仅老师可以节省精力，而且学生也对课程更感兴趣了。”考查倒装结构。not only分句一but(also)分句二。当not only位于句首时，常用部分倒装语序，即分句一部分倒装。New technology was used in teaching. As a result, not only _， but students became more interested in the lessons. A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy saved C. teachers energy was saved D. was saved teachers energy1. Atransparent 透明的； reasonable 合理的； securer 更安全的； format 格式，形式。1. The staterun company is required to make its accounts as _ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.(2011湖北) A. transparent B. reasonable C. securer D. format2. Asolution 解决方法； target 目标； measure 测量； function 功能，作用。2. The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they dont give you any direct _.(2010浙江) A. solution B. target C. measure D. function3. D句意：工人们把玻璃制品包装好，在每个箱子上标明“此面向上”。3. The workers _ the glasses and marked on each box “This Side Up”(2010全国卷) A. carried B. delivered C. pressed D. packed
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