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UNIT 1GRAMMAR名词性从句名词性从句的定义：名词性从句的定义：名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语主语 The news is important.What he wants is enough money.表语表语 This is a story book.This is what he wants. 宾语宾语I dont like his job.I dont like what he said just now.同位语同位语 I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the news that our team has win.指出下列句子划线部分的成分：指出下列句子划线部分的成分：That the earth is round is a fact. Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. My idea is that we should do it right now。 I had no idea that you were her friend.How he was successful is still a puzzle.I have no idea where he comes from.The question is whether it is worth doing.Why he did it wasnt quite clear.That he will come is certain. Some people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.一一.主语从句主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语。引导词有连词在复合句中作主句的主语。引导词有连词that (that 不可不可省省), whether; 代词有代词有who, what ,which; 副词副词 when ,where, how, why 等。等。 如如:1.That he is a famous singeris known to us. (It is known to us that he is a famous singer.)2. When he will go to America is not yet fixed. (It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.) 3. Whether shes coming or not doesnt matter too much. (not if) (It doesnt matter too much whether shes coming or not.)二二.宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。在复合句中作主句的宾语。 引导词有连词引导词有连词that (that 常可省常可省略略), whether, if; 代词有代词有who, whose,what ,which; 副词副词 when ,where, how, why 等。如等。如:1. We believe (that) he is honest.2. I asked if (=whether) they had a cheap suit.3. Can you tell which dictionary is hers?4. I really dont know what he is doing.三、表语从句三、表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词that (that 不不可省可省), whether; 代词有代词有who, what, which; 副词副词 when, where, how, why 等。如等。如:The problem is that we didnt get in touch with him.This is how Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once.注意：如果句子的主语是注意：如果句子的主语是suggestion, advice. order 等名词时等名词时, 后面引导的表语从句用后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形动词原形, should可省略。可省略。四四,同位语从句同位语从句在句中起同位语的作用。在句中起同位语的作用。 一般放在名词一般放在名词 fact, news, idea, promise, thought, suggestion等之后等之后, 用以说明或解释用以说明或解释前面的名词。引导词有连词前面的名词。引导词有连词 that; 少数情况下也可用连接少数情况下也可用连接副词等。如副词等。如:1. The thought that we might succeed excited us.2. The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.3. The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow注意：名词注意：名词suggestion, advice, order等词后的同等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形动词原形, should可省略可省略。1._ matters most in learning English is enough practice. 2007 全国卷全国卷IIA. WhatB. Why C. Where D. Which2. _ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. 2007 上海卷上海卷 A. ThatB. What C. Whether D. Where3. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. 2007 上海卷上海卷A. whenB. why C. whether D. that4. Could I speak to- is in charge of International Sales , please? 2007 山东卷山东卷Aanyone Bsomeone Cwhoever Dno matter who 5. You can only be sure of_ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. 2007 安徽卷安徽卷 A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; thatPractice:ABDCB 6. Wheres that report? I brought it to you _you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday. 2007 北京卷北京卷A. if B. when C. because D. before7. It is none of your business other people think about you.Believe yourself. 2007 福建卷福建卷 A. how B. what C. whichD. when8. Having checked the doors were closed , and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. 2007 湖南卷湖南卷 A. why B. that C. when D. where 9. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. 2007 江苏卷江苏卷 A. what B. why C. how D. whether10. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. 2007 陕西卷陕西卷A. That B. Which C. What D. AsBBBAC名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that 和和what 的选用的选用that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中词性从句中充当成分充当成分，可做从句的，可做从句的主主语、宾语、或表语语、宾语、或表语。而。而that在名词性从在名词性从句中句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。1.The result is _ we won the game.2.This is _ we want to know.3.Is _ he told us true ?4.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.thatwhatwhatwhatif 和和whether 的选用的选用不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况：a. 主语从句主语从句b. 表语从句表语从句c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question_ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.if / whetherwhetherwhetherWhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether引导词引导词that 的省略的省略that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：a. 主语从句主语从句b.表语从句表语从句c.同位语从句同位语从句d.用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略1.I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that
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