状语的具体讲解四原因状语

句子成分之一一-状语的具体讲解（四）原因状语导读：原因状语解释了主语的动作或者状态。1. 介词短语做状语2. 形容词做状语3. 分词做状语4.状语从句（区分了 because, since, for, as的用法）1. 介词短语做原因状语：because of , due to, on the accou nt of, owi ng to, as a result of等词可以引导原因状语，后面需要接：名词（词组），代词， 动名词。（接名词） Newt on discovered gravity due to an apple.牛顿因为一个苹果发现了万有引力。（接名词词组）He can t forget the pastb ecause of the old days with his wife.他忘不掉过去是因为忘不掉和他妻子一起度过的陈年往事。（接代词）My mom disagreed with my decisi on. As a result of this, I cha nged my major.我妈妈不同意我的决定。因此，我换了个专业。（接动名词） On the account of loosing old friends , he can t focus on the study.由于失去了老朋友，他没办法再专注于学习。because of , due to, on the accou nt of, owing to基本相同，可用在句首或者句尾，其中owing to在用在句尾的时候前面要加逗号”，because of更倾向口语Because of my bad leg ,I couldn twalk so fast as the others.由于我的腿坏了，我不能像其他人走得那么快。Owing to his careless driv ing, we had a bad accide nt.由于他驾驶疏忽，我们发生了次大车祸.Your failure is due to negligenee.你的失败是由于疏忽所造成的2. 形容词做原因状语形容词做原因状语时，表示的是一种状态做原因。Thirsty, he went to the teahouse for a drink first.因为渴了，他先到茶社里去喝点水。Afraid of being late, they came by taxi.因为怕迟到，所以他们坐岀租车来的。3. 分词短语做原因状语分词短语在句首时，经常表示原因状语由于人手不够，我们Not hav inq got en ouqh han ds, we had difficulty in complet ing the work in time. 很难按时完成任务。Excited at the mome nt, she went to Lon don alo ne.由于心血来潮，她独自去了伦敦。Sent back home, the old man got to calm down.因为被送回了家，老人才慢慢平静了下来。4. 从句作原因状语引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because（因为），as （由于）,since （既然），now（that）（既然），when （既然），seeing （that）（由于，鉴于），considering （that）（考虑到），given （that）（考虑到），for（为）等（1）because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句的后面，because从句位于句首时要用逗号分开，放在句末 时，可不用逗号分开。because表示直接原因，语气最强，最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。例如：I do it because I like it.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。You can trust those products because the quality n ever varies.你可以信赖那些产品，因为它们的质量从来不变。We went by bus because it was cheaper.我们乘公交汽车去，因为这样便宜一些。注意： not . because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句，例如：误：The country is not strong because it is large.正： The cou ntry is str ong not just because it is large.国强不在大。I did nt help him,not because I was un willi ng,but because I was un able to do it.我没有帮助他，不是因为我不愿意，而是因为我力不从心。显然的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”），2. since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 较为正式，语气比 because弱。例如：Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.既然今天你休息， 你最好帮我补习数学。Since you dont trust him,you should not employ him. 你既然不信任他，你就不该雇用他。注意： seei ng (that), now (that) ,con sideri ng (that) , in that 这几个词汇与 si nee 引导的原因状语从句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。例如：Seeing (that) he refused to help us, theres no reason that we should now help him.他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们没有理由要来帮助他。Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了， 就不应该依靠你的父母了。Considering (that) everybody is he re, let s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了， 我们就开始讨论吧。In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为他生病了，他觉得做不了那件事。3. as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活 (常放于主句之前 )。例如：As it is raining, youd better take a taxi.既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽车。As you are tired, you had better rest.既然累了，你最好休息一下。I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.我睡得早，因为我已筋疲力尽了。4. for 引导的是并列句表示原因但并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明， for 引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。例如：He could not have seen me, for I was not there.他不可能见过我， 因为我不在那里。He seldom goes out now,for he is very old. 他难得出门了，因为他年事已高。 I do it because I like it. 因为我喜欢，我就做了。Since no one is against it, let s make a decision. 既然没有人反对，那我们就这样定下来。Now that everyone is here, we d better hand up for the decision. 既然大家都在这儿，我们最好举手 表决一下。Seeing that he refused to go, let sgo without him. 既然他不愿去，咱们就不带他去了吧。