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Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges Function and writing and cultural corner 介绍地点类说明文【互动导学】 学生：介绍地点或旅游景点类的作文属于哪种体裁？ 老师：属于说明文范畴。 学生：这种文章的基本要求是什么？ 老师：简明扼要地向读者介绍该地的大致状况。 学生：描述一般包括哪些方面？ 老师：地理特征(面积、人口、气候特征)、历史文化、风土人情等。 【典题示例】 假如你是李晓华，住在江城。你的加拿大笔友Bob来信谈到他所居住的城市，并希望了解你家乡江城的情况。请你用英语写一封回信。回信须包括下列内容： 自然情况：位于长江边，风景优美，适合居住； 成就：经济发展迅速，新建了不少工厂、住房和道路； 存在问题：水污染、空气污染，交通拥挤； 对江城发展的看法(内容由考生自己拟定)。 注意：1. 回信中不能使用“江城”以外的地名。 2. 词数120个左右。信的开头与结尾已为你写好， 不计入总词数。 3. 参考词汇：economy n. 经济_ 【审题谋篇】项 目结 论体 裁话 题时 态人 称说明文介绍江城的情况一般现在时为主第三人称 【妙笔成篇】Dear Bob, Its very kind of you to write to me and let me know about your beautiful city. Now Id like to tell you something about my hometown Jiangcheng. The city stands on the bank of the Changjiang River. It is a beautiful place for people to live in, whose economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years. New factories, houses and roads have been built. More schools and hospitals are available for its people. However, there are still some problems, such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours. In my opinion, Jiangcheng should develop its economy scientifically. I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought under control so that well have a better hometown in future. Yours, Li Xiaohua 1. forbid vt. (forbade/forbad, forbidden, forbidding)禁止【语境领悟】She was shut away and forbidden to read. 她被关起来不许读书。The new law forbids smoking in offices. 新法律禁止在办公室内抽烟。 The doctor forbade him alcohol. 医生禁止他喝酒。Hes obviously quite embarrassed about it because he forbade me to tell anyone. 显然他对此感到很尴尬，因为他禁止我告诉任何人。 【归纳拓展】forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事Its forbidden to do sth. 做某事是禁止的Its forbidden to throw garbage everywhere; please take away the wastepaper. 禁止乱丢垃圾，请把各自的废纸带走。 【想一想】 forbid的反义词为allow/permit，请列出它们的常见用法并举例说明。【参 考 答 案 】permit/ allow sb. sth. 允 许 某 人 某 事permit/allow +n. /doing允 许 做 某 事permit/ allow sb. to do sth. 允 许 某 人 做 某 事be allowed/ permitted to do sth. 被 允 许 做 某 事 The prisoners were permitted/allowed two hours exercise a day. 允 许 犯 人 每 天 有 两 小 时 户 外 活 动 。The council will not permit/allow you to build here. 委 员 会 不 会 允 许 你 们 在 这 一 带 搞 建 筑 。 【即学活用】完成句子。他的父母不准他喝酒。His parents _ wine. 禁止他离开这个国家。He _ the country. forbid him to drink/from drinkingis forbidden from leaving Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but her parents _ her to do so. A. forbade B. allowedC. followed D. permitted【 解 析 】 选 A。 句 意 ： 玛 丽 想 独 自 一 个 人 环 游 世 界 ， 但 她 父 母禁 止 她 这 样 做 。 forbade是 forbid的 过 去 式 ， 意 为 “ 禁 止 ” ；allow和 permit意 为 “ 允 许 ” ； follow意 为 “ 跟 随 ” 。 根 据 句 中的 转 折 连 词 but可 知 选 A。 2. view n. 景色，风景；观点，看法，见解；视野【语境领悟】The view from our window was one of beautiful green countryside. 从我们窗口可以看到一片绿色乡村的美景。His view of life is different from yours. 他的人生观与你的不同。 In view of the boards disapproval we have dropped the plan. 由于理事会的反对，我们已放弃了该计划。The matter appeared at first view of little importance. 这件事乍看起来不怎么重要。 【归纳拓展】in ones viewin the view of sb. 依照某人的观点point of view 观点，看法in view of. . . 鉴于，考虑到at first view/sight 初看，乍看in view 在视线范围内view v. 看待；考虑view. . . as. . . 将看成 First-generation Americans view the United States as a land of golden opportunity. 第一代美国人把美国看成一个充满良机的大陆。 【易混辨析】view指从远处或高处眺望所欣赏到的景色(scenery)的一部分 sight意为“景色，景象”，指映入眼帘的一道风景；还有“名胜”(常用复数)之意，指人文景观 scene指“一眼可以浏览的风景”，但多半包括其中的人物、动作和行为，通常是局部的某一场景 scenery是由多个scene构成的景色的总称，多指自然景色 【巧学助记】 趣图展风景 【即学活用】选词填空(view/scene/scenery/sight)。The first _ of the play is the kings palace. Lets stop to admire the _. Come and see the _ of London. Its great to enjoy the magnificent _ from the summit(顶点）, over the mountains. scene scenerysights views 3. Im allowed to stick one in only if Ive been in a place for more than 24 hours. 只有我在那待过24小时以上我才被允许钉一个针做记号。【句式分析】本句中only if意为“只有，除非才”，引导条件状语从句。Shell have a chance to get well only if she has a strong will to live. 唯有她有活下去的坚强意志，她才会有机会好起来。 【易混辨析】only if意为“只有，只要”，引导陈述语气的真实条件状语从句，only if引导的条件状语从句位于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构 if only意为“但愿，要是就好了”，常引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句、感叹句 Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school. 我只有找到了工作才有足够的钱上学。If only they would tell me what theyve decided. (对将来虚拟)但愿他们能把决定告诉我。 【即学活用】完成句子。只有拿到两千美元的抵押贷款，我才买得起那栋房子。I can buy the house _ a mortgage for 2,000 dollars is available. 只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进入这间屋子。Only if a teacher has given permission, _ enter this room. 他当时要是记得买些水果来该多好。_ he had remembered to buy some fruit. only if is a student allowed toIf only
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