教育专题：名词性从句一轮复习

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,名词性从句,Noun clauses,1,His job,is important.,This is,his job.,I don,t like,his job.,I don,t know about the man,Mr. White.,i,I am,interested,in,the job,.,The function of a noun:,2,在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (,Noun Clauses）。,名词从句的功能相当于名词, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语,.,名词从句,1.,主语从句,2.,宾语从句,3.,表语从句,4.,同位语从句,名词从句,的分类,3,What,he does,is important.,主语从句,This is,what,he does every day,.,表语从句,I don,t like,what,he does every day,.,宾语从句,同位语从句,I don,t know about,the fact,that,he is a teacher.,4,一,.,使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。,How he was successful,is still a puzzle.,Could you tell me,where he lives,?,名词性从句归纳,他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。,你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗,?,5,二、名词性从句连接词的选用,（1）,that,和,what,的选用,that,和,what,都可引导所有的名词从句。,但是，,what,除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分,，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。,而,that,在名词性从句中,不充当任何成分,，,只起连接,作用。,6,用,that,和,what,完成下列句子,:,1._,he wants is a book.,2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the,teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,7,We should respect food and think about the people who dont have,we have here and treat food nicely.,（福建）,A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whether,Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.,（北京）,A. what B. that C. why D. whether,8,引导词,that,的省略,:,that,可省略的情况：,that,不可省略的情况：,单个宾语从句中的,that,可省略,a.,主语从句,b.,表语从句,c.,同位语从句,d.,用,it,做形式宾语的宾语从句,e.,并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词,that,不能省略,9,Having checked the doors were closed,and _ all the lights were off, the,boy opened the door to his bedroom.,(07,湖南）,A. why B. that C. when D. where,10,that/ (that),1.,I dont think _ she is coming.2.It is a pity _ he has made such a,mistake.,3.The reason is _ he is careless .4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.,(,that),that,that,that,that,(that),that,11,一般情况下介词后不接,that,从句。,但介词,in,和,except,除外。,The problem lies,in that,the mist may,become a thick fog.,I didnt tell him anything,except that,I,wasnt able to find my way back.,12,(2) if,和,whether,的选用,不能使用,if,的情况：,a.,主语从句,b.,表语从句,c.,同位语从句,d.,介词后的宾语从句,e. whether to do,做动词宾语不能用,if to do.,f. whether or not,连在一起引导宾语从句时不用,if.,13,用,if,或,whether,填空,1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. We,re worried about _ he is safe.4. I don,t know _ he is well or not.5. I don,t know _ he is good or bad.6. The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I don,t know _ to go.,if / whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,14,We havent settled the question of_,it is necessary for him to study abroad.,(06,江苏）,A. if B. where C. whether D. that,15,(3),其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择,who、which、when、where、why、how,等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,16,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_,we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.,我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。,I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday.,我不知道他长的什么样子。,I have no idea _ he looks like.,这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。,This is _ I left my glasses.,When,who,what,where,17,The possibility that pleasant smells might,reduce pain has recently been suggested,by new research.,_,_,同位语从句,1) The fact that he succeeded in the experiment,pleased everyone.,2) They spread the lie that Tom stole the wallet.,3) The news that the headmaster will give us a,lecture is true.,_,The fact,_,the lie,_,_,The news,三,.,同位语从句的引导和辨别,18,能用同位语从句修饰的名词主要有：,fact,，,hope,，,idea,，,doubt,，,news,，,suggestion,，,problem,，,discovery,，,answer,，,decision,explanation,，,information, promise, truth, order,，,opinion,，,report,，,thought, possibility, rule,，等等。,19,他们仍然活着的希望不大,.,There is not much hope that they are still alive.,你答应给我买礼物的，不要食言哦。,Dont break the promise that you will buy me a gift.,_,_,_,hope,the promise,I have no idea,when,he will arrive.,You have no idea,how,worried I was.,20,1.,I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He can,t answer the,question,_ he got the money.3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4.I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.,用,that; whether ;where,或,how,填空,:,where,how,that,that,whether,21,1.,从结构上区分：,that,是否在从句中作成分,1) We expressed the hope that they had,expressed.2) We expressed the hope that they would,come to China again.,_,_,_,_,定语从句,同位语从句,四,.,同位语从句和定语从句的区别,22,2.,从意义上区分：,that,引导的从句的意义不同。,The news that you heard is not true.,2) The news that Lincoln was murdered at,a theater is true.,_,_,_,定语从句,同位语从句,23,The problem _ we should continue the experiment remains unsolved.,A. that B. which C. what D. if,24,五,:,宾语从句的时态呼应,1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.,a .,他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.,He believes his dream _true some day. b .,请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.,Please tell me what you _(do)at this time,yesterday,.,25,will come,were doing,2. 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的 某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规 律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。,他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。,He told me _ .,他说他已离开家乡十年了。,He told me _.,老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。,The teacher told us _,he was preparing for the examination,he had been away from his hometown for ten years,light travels in a straight line.,26,六,.,名词性从句中的虚拟语气,A,、宾语从句中的虚拟语气,在动词,suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, recommend, command,后需用,should,型的虚拟语气。,我建议她不要出国。,I suggest,that she should not go abroad,.,27,B,、主语从句中的虚拟语气,It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted+ (should) do,有人建议她不要出国。,It is suggested,that she should not go abroad,.,28,C,、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气,在,suggestion, proposal, order, advice,等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（,should,）,+,动词原形。,I made a suggestion,that we (should) hold a meeting next week,.,29,My suggestion is,that we (should) get more people to attend the conference,.,whatever 用法,1.,you can,take,_ you want,.,引导名词性从句。,=anything that,2. _ you want, you can take.,引导让步状语从句，,=no matter that,3. _ the reason, he refuses to do.,whatever the reason,(is),he refuses to do.,4.She would tell him _ news she got.,Whatever adj.,A. Whatever B. No matter what,C. anything what D. anything that,七,. whatever,A,D,A,B,A,B,A,31,八,.,whoever & who 用法,who,和,whoever,都可以引导主语从句，只能置于句首，不能用形式主语,it,代替。它们也都有“谁”的含义， 但能否互相替代呢？,1,._,breaks,the law should be punished.,Whoever (Anyone who),2,.,._,breaks the law,he or she,should be punished.,Whoever (,no matter,who),3.We should help _ I think needs help.,Whoever (,a,nyone who),4.We will support _you support.,Who,m,ever (,a,nyone who,m,),5.,_,will give us a talk is unknown to us all.,A. Whoever,B. Who,C. Anyone,D,. No matter who,正确,选项为B。who虽然也可以引导主语从句，但它常保留本身疑问的含义，即“谁”。句(B)的意思为：对我们大家来说，谁给我们讲话还不知道。,难点突破,1,33,同位语从句和它所修饰的词之间的隔裂,（,2012,江苏）,The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed .,A. when B. that C. whether D. how,The notice,that the meeting would be postponed,came around two in the afternoon.,The notice,34,I made a promise to myself _ this,year, my first year in high school, would,be different . (2012,浙江）,A. whether B. what C. that D. how,I made a promise_ this year would,be different. (2012,浙江）,A. whether B. that C. that D. how,promise,35,定语从句同先行词的隔裂,He wont live long,who smokes three or four,packs of cigarettes every day for many years,.,He,who smokes three or four packs of,cigarettes every day for many years,wont,live long.,He laughs best,who laughs last,.,He,who laughs last,laughs best.,36,(2012,江苏）,After the flooding, people,were suffering in that area, _,urgently needed clean water, medicine,and shelter to survive .,A. which B. who C. where D. what,people,【,】,37,17. (2012,浙江）,Ellen was a painter of,birds and nature,_, for some reason,had withdrawnfrom all human society.,A. which B. who C. where D. whom,Ellen was a painter of birds and nature,_ had withdrawn from all human,society .,A. which B. who C. where D. whom,Ellen was a painter, _ had withdrawn,from all human society.,A. which B. who C. where D. whom,【,】,_,_,2,38,难点突破,2,39,1) This is the,reason,_he gave.,2) This is the,reason,_ he was late.,定语从句中用关系代词还是关系副词引导是根据定语从句所缺成分确定的。先行词是表示原因的名词时，不一定用,why,引导。只有缺原因状语时才用,why,引导。,妙语点津,1,如何选定定语从句关系词,which/that,why,40,41,1) I still remember,the day,we,spent together.,2) I still remember,the day,I came,here.,妙语点津,2,先行词是表示时间的名词时，不一定都用,when,引导。关键要看从句所缺的成分。当从句中缺时间状语时才用,when,引导。,which/that,when,That evening, _ I will tell you more,about later, I ended up working very late.,(2012,全国）,A. that B. which C. what D. when,_ I will tell you more,about later,42,1) I went to,the factory,_ we,visited ten years ago.,2) I went to,the factory,_ we worked,ten years ago.,先行词是表示地点的名词时，不一定都用,where,引导。关键要看从句所缺的成分。,只有缺地点状语时才用,where,引导。,妙语点津,3,which/that,where,43,Sales director is a position _ communication,ability is just as important as sales .,which B. that,C. when D. where,妙语点津,4,where,引导定语从句，其先行词可以不是,表示地点的名词，而是含有地点意义的名词。,a position,We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.,A. where B. when C. which D. that,request,【,】,【,】,44,名词后所接从句不缺任何成分，仅缺,一个引导词，用,that,引导还是考虑使用,关系副词？,同位语从句和定语从句,难点突破,3,45,从结构和意义上区分,The news that you heard is not true.,2) The news that Lincoln was murdered at,a theater is true.,_,_,_,定语从句,同位语从句,如何区分同位语从句和定语从句,46,We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.,A. where B. when C. which D. that,47,Taobao is Asias largest retail,零售,network,platform, _ people can buy and,sell many kinds of things.,A. where B. when C. that D. whose,platform,sum,48,1.,I think it is going to be a big problem.,Yes, it could be.,I wonder _we can do about it.,A. if B. how C. what D. that,2. _is no possibility _Bob can win the first prize in the match.,A. There; that B. It; what,C. There; whether D. It; whether,49,3.,A computer can only do _you have instructed it to do.,A. how B. after C. what D. when,4. Can you tell me _?,A. who is that gentleman,B. that gentleman is who,C. who that gentleman is,D. whom is that gentleman,50,5.,He didnt know which room_.,A. they lived B. they lived in,C. did they live D. did they live in,6. To get the job started, _I need is from here.,A. only what B. all what,C. all that D. only that,51,7.,In some countries _is called “equality” doesnt really mean equal rights for all people.,A. which B. what C. that D. one,8. Go and get your coat. Its _you left it.,A. there B. where,C. there where D. where there,52,9. _,you dont like him is none of my business.,A. What B. who C. That D. Whether,10. The reason_I plan to go is _she will be disappointed _I dont.,A. why; because; when B. why; that; if,C. because; that; if D. why; that; whether,53,11.,_,can I do in such a situation?,Take _ measure you consider best.,A. How ; whichever B. What; whatever,C. How ;whatever D. What; whichever,12. _she said suggested that she hadnt decided _to go or not.,A. What; if B. That; whether,C. What; whether D. Whether; what,54,13.,He made a promise _anyone set him free he would make him very rich.,A. that B. if C. what D. that if,14. _would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _there are all kinds of difficulties.,A. Who; somewhere B. Whoever; where,C. Whatever; anywhere D. Who; there,55,15.,Can I sit in the front row?,Yes. You can take _seat you like.,A. wherever B. what,C. whichever D. which,16. They lost their way in the forest and _made matters worse was _night began to fall.,A. what; that B. it; that,C. what; when D. which; what,56,19.,It was _my father worked _I work now.,A. where; that B. wherever; where,C. that; where D. that; that,20. It was only_I reread his poems recently _I began to appreciate their beauty.,A. that; when B. when; that,C. until; than D. when;than,57,