虚拟语气liyanhua

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Many years agoa brilliantboylost hislifeforthe sakeofsavinghis dream girl.Hehadwrittenmany apoembeforehedied.,A truelovestory,IfIwereanAcacia,Iwouldgrowattheroadside youmust passby.,假如我,是,是一棵,芙,芙蓉树,IfonlyIturnedinto asky meteor,Iwouldbeacossyour windownight.,我愿化,作,作天际,的,的流星,划,划过你,暗,暗夜的,窗,窗前,IwishIwerea rainbowaftertherainhanging overyoursky.,我愿化,作,作天边,的,的彩虹,悬,悬在你,雨,雨后的,晴,晴空,把动作,当,当作只,存,存在于,说,说话人,想,想象中,的,的“假,设,设”或,“,“推测,”,”，它,表,表达的,是,是怀疑,、,、忧虑,、,、推测,、,、假想,、,、想象,或,或祝愿,。,。,TheSubjunctiveMood,虚 拟,语,语,气,气,Grammar,TheSubjunctiveMood,虚拟语,气,气虚拟,条,条件句,Ifhehadntdiedthen ,thegirlwouldhavemarriedhim.,(,与过去事,实,实相反）,Ifhewerealive,theywouldbe,happy,.,.,(,与现在事,实,实相反）,Ifwemet(were to meet;shouldmeet)inheaven,Iwouldsaytohim,，,Iwouldn,tbreakupwithyoueven ifthemountainhadnoridge.,假如我,们,们在天,堂,堂相遇,，,虚拟语,气,气宏观,梳,梳理微,观,观把握,三个角度,虚拟条,件,件句,if,真实条,件,件与,if,非真实,条,条 件,(,理解）,三个,基,基本句,式,式（与,现,现在、,过,过,去,去或将,来,来事实,相,相反，,would,一般用,于,于主句中）, 三,个,个注意,事,事项：错综、倒装、和含蓄,几个（特,殊,殊句型,）,）特别,记,记忆,ifonly,as if(as though),和,wish,同样虚,拟,拟：,lest,so that,一个目,的,的,wouldrather,（宁愿,现,现在的,、,、将来,的,的终成,为,为过去,),It,stime,后的从,句,句用一般过,去,去时或,should+do,无论建,议,议、命,令,令或请,求,求，还,是,是奇怪,、,、吃惊,；,；我们,坚,坚持对,should,始终如,一,一,Christmasisjustaroundthe corner,.,“Ifitsnowstomorrow,we,llhavea white Christmas.,”,”anEuropeansaid.,真实条,件,件,“,Ifitsnowed(weretosnow,shouldsnow) tomorrow,wewouldhavea white Christmas.”,（非真实条,件,件）,an Australian says,.,if,引导的虚拟,条,条件句,If Ihada lotof money,Iwouldbuy avilla,.,If I_time last night,I _toseethe,filmwithyou .,had had,wouldhavegone,Whatwouldyou do ifyouwonthe lottery?,If Iwon the lottery,Iwould,If,从句,主句,did,（,be,用,were),had +done,did,（,be,用,were),wereto+ do,should+do,Would,do,(should/,could/might),Would+do,should/,could/might,Would,have +done(should/,could/might),回眸高考,Looking back entrance examination,回眸高考,(2010,浙江）,Had Iknown thecomputer,programme,a huge amountof timeand energy_.,A.wouldhavebeen saved,B.hadsaved,C.willbesaved,D.wassaved,回眸高考,(2012,湖南）,Sorry,I amtoobusynow.IfI_ time,Iwouldcertainlygo for anouting with you.,A. have had B. hadhad,C. haveD.had,回眸高考,（,2012.,山东）,If we_adequatepreparations ,the conferencewouldnt have beenso successful.,A. haventmadeB.wouldnt make,C. didntmakeD. Hadntmade,回眸高考,(2012,安徽）,Gracedoesnt want to move to,New York because shethinks ifshe_there, she wouldntbe able to seeherparents often.,A.livesB.wouldlive,C. haslivedD. were tolive,回眸高考,语境中体味,（,2013,重庆）,It rained catsand dogs this,morning.Im glad we took anumbrella.,_Yeah,we would have got wet allover,if we_.,hadntB. havent,C.didnt D.dont,(2013,江苏）,I shouldnt have laughed ifI,_ you wereserious.,A. thoughtB.would think,C. hadthoughtD.have thought,语境中体味,当条件状语从句,表,表示的行为和主,句,句表示的行为所,发,发生的时间不一,致,致时，被称为：错综时间条件句,错综时间条件句,If youhadntlent mesome money,I couldnt have bought the new houseand most likely I would be still living inthe dangeroushousenow.,假若你不借钱给,我,我， 我不可能,买,买下这幢新房，,很,很可能现在还住,在,在危房里。,（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）,1.If you _himyesterday, you _ what to donow.,asked wouldknow,B. hadasked wouldhave known,C. asked him know,D. hadasked wouldknow,2.(2013,天津卷,)If hehad spentmore time practicingspeaking Englishbefore,he_,able tospeakit muchbetternow.,A. willbeB.would be,C.had beenD. would have been,倒装的,If,虚拟句,假设条件虚拟倒,装,装,条件从句中有,should,，,were,，,had,三个助动词可以,把,把,if,省略，并将这三,个,个词提至句首。,If it were notfor your advice, wecouldnt havegot over the difficulties.,Wereit notfor your advice, we couldnthave got overthe difficulties.,If I had had time, Iwould have runroundthat lake again.,Had I had time, I would haverun round that lakeagain.,If there should not be sunlight, peopleslife would bedifficult.,Shouldthere not be sunlight, peoples life wouldbe difficult.,1.,_ Ia bird,I could fly freely in the sky.,A. amB.wasC. areD.were,2.,_ itrain tomorrow,the sports meetingwouldbe putoff tonext week.,A. would B.shouldC. could D.will,3. Whatwouldhave happened,_as faras theriver bank?,A. Bobhad walkedB. if Bob should walk,C. hadBob walkedD. ifBob walked,含蓄条件句,无“条件”的虚,拟,拟语气句子,A wiseman wouldnt have done that, 句子表层没,有,有,if,条件句子，深层,结,结构或上下文有,表,表无条件的词：,介词（短语）,with,without;but for(,若非）,;in case of,连词（副词）,otherwise,（,or/or else,）；,even(if),分词、名词、形,容,容词；代词、动,词,词、不定式甚至,定,定语从句，机动,灵,灵活看意义,Any manwho should dothatwouldbe laught at.,Cookeda little longer,the fish would be more delicious.,To talk withhim,youwouldknow heis a frank man.,还有,but,最含蓄,.,1. Without sunlight ,or water or air , there _no life on the earth.,A willhaveB would be,C can beD must be,2 But for thesnow ,we _earlier.,A willarriveB would have arrived,C arriveDarrived,But+,表示条件的结构,Would+,动词原形,+but(except)+,现在时陈述句,表,表示同现在事实,相,相反的假设,Would have +,过去分词,+but(except,）,+,过去时陈述句,表,表示同过去事实,相,相反的假设,NOTE:, She would gain weight butshe_enough.,A.doesn,t B.didnteat C. wouldnt eatD. hadnt eaten, A:_Why didn,t Henry come?,B:_ He_except shedidnthave time.,A.wouldhave comeB. willcome C.wouldcome,（,2011,福建卷）,Pity you missed the lectureon nuclear,pollution.,_ I_it, but I was busypreparing fora,job interview.,A.attendedB.had attended,C.wouldattendD.would haveattended,这几个词（词组,）,）表虚拟时，其,后,后所用的虚拟形,式,式与条件从句基,本,本相同，即比陈,述,述语气中的时态,后,后退一个时态。,/wouldrather,动词过去式（,be,多用,were,）,wish, as if,以及,if only,的虚拟形式：,退一步,海阔天空,3.Wish,现在：,过去：,未来,：,过去时（,were）,过去完成时,would/could/might+V.,1 .,I wishI _a bird,A isBwere,C willbeDare,2. HowI wishthat I_ themoon sometimein thefuture.,A had visitedBwould visit,C visitedDwill visit,as if /though+ Clause,现在：,过去：,将来,:,did /were(,现在,),had done(,过去,),would+,动词原形,(,将来,),He behaves as if he owned thehouse.,( Buthe doesnt own itor probablydoesnt ownit orwe don,t know whether heownsit ornot.),He talks about Rome as thoughhehadbeentherehimself.,（,2012,北京）,Donthandlethe vase asif it,_ made ofsteel.,A. isB.were,C.hasbeenD. had been,2.,wouldratherthat,现在：,过去：,将来：,过去时,过去完成时,过去时,1. I would ratheryou_ (pay)me now.,2. I would ratheryou _ (not tell) herthe news.,3. I would ratheryou_ (come) tomorrow.,paid,hadnttold,came,5. Ifonly,引导的感叹句,！,！,1. Ifonly I_ (know) his namenow!,2. Ifonly we _ (follow) youradvice lasttime!,3. Ifonly I_(see)him againnext year!,knew,had followed,couldsee,现在,:,过去时（,were,）,过去,:,过去完成时,将来,:,would/could/might+V.,(1) ,要是就好了,= I wish,It is(high,about,quite,almost) timethat,定语从句用虚,拟,拟,谓语动词用一,般,般过去式，（,或,或,should+,动词原形，但,不,不能将其省略,，,，不如过去式,是,是普通）,表示“早该干某事儿,已,已经有些晚了” ,Its about time wewent(shouldgo )to bed.,(2012,辽宁）,Jack is a great talker.It is hightime that he_something instead ofjusttalking.,A. will doB. hasdone,C. doD.did,在,for fear that(,以免）,in order that,sothat,lest(,以防），,in case,引导的目的状,语,语从句中谓语,动,动词用,should,could,might,加动词原形,注意：,lest(in case),从句中用,should+,动词原形，,should,可以省。,She kept quiet lest he (should) disturb her.,I willnot make anoisefor fear (that) Ishould(might) disturbyou.,in order that,和,so that,主句是现在时,其,其后的从句亦,可,可用,can,may+,动词原形,(2012,辽宁）,Leaveyour key with yourneighbor _ youlock yourself outone day.,A.as long asB.even though,C. incaseD. as if,名词性从句中,的,的虚拟语气,1.,表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语,气,气,一个坚持，两个命令，,三个建议，四个要求,1.insist2. order,command,3. advise, suggest, propose,(advice, suggestion, proposal),4. demand ,require, request,desire,这些词引导的,名词性从句,要使用虚拟语,气,气。,即从句中的动,词,词使用,should+,动词原形，,或者将,should,省略,。,注意： 如,suggest, insist,用于其本意“,暗,暗示、,表明“、”坚,持,持认为“时，,宾,宾语从句,用陈述语气。,1.Theguardat gate insisted that everybody,_(obey)the rules.,2.He insisted thatshe_(be)seriouslyilland,that _(send)tohospitalsatonce.,3.He suggestedthat we_(have)ameeting at,once.,4.Hispale facesuggested thathe_(be) ill.,obey,was,besent,have,was,1.Isitnecessarythathe_theexamination?,A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttake,D.take,2.Itisstrange thathe_you this.,A.wouldtellB. shouldtellC.had told,D.hastold,D,B,考题点,击,击,3.Hissuggestion thatyou _ oncemoresoundsreasonable.,A.tryB.tries,C.must tryD.cantry,考题点,击,击,4.Shemade thedemandthatthejournalists_atonce forIraq.,A.leaveB.leaving,C.leftD. to be left,考题点,击,击,5.We areinfavorofyourproposalthat themeeting_.,A.shouldbeput off,B.wasput off,C.shouldput off,D.istoputoff,考题点,击,击,Subjective mood,If,型,Should+v,型,类似,if,型,。,。,。,混杂条,件,件句,(,各自为,准,准,),Were,had,should,提前，,省,省略,if,1.,一个坚,持,持，两,个,个命令,，,，,三个建,议,议，四,个,个要求,。,。,2.Itis,（,necessary,，,strange,）,+that,wish/as if,Wouldrather/ if only,Itis(high)timethat,Butfor/otherwise/,without/in thatcase,1.,过去式,2.,过去完,成,成,3.could,、,would,、,might+v,1.,过去式,2.,过去完,成,成,Should,（不省,）,）,+v/,过去式,1.Would,could,should,might+v,2.would,could,should,might,+havedone,insist,suggest,Homework,: PracticeFinishawritingpassage, according to theChinese given.,Jim,刚刚做完左,腿,腿手术而被,告,告诉一个月,不,不能走动。,他,他后悔如果,前,前一天晚上,没,没有玩电脑,游,游戏，今天,早,早晨就可以,早,早点儿起床,，,，也就不会,因,因为怕迟到,而,而撞倒致使,自,自己住院了,。,妈妈也因为,儿,儿子没有按,时,时睡觉而在,责,责备他。同,时,时,Jim,也在遗憾下,周,周的运动会,不,不能参加了,，,，预想的,400,米冠军也不,能,能得到了。,虚拟语气,If Ihad sleptwelllastnight,I would not have been late forwork,If Ihad not been late,I would not have been blamed by Mr.Wang,If Ihad not been blamed,I would behappier,If Iwerehappier,I would ,Please write itdownin the form ofpoetrywiththe title,“,“,If”, trying to usethestructuresof,Subjunctive Mood,.,Homework,Should,虚拟在名词,性,性从句省与,不,不省,可省 动,词,词宾语从句,：,：坚持（,insist,persist),命令,order,command;direct,appoint,建议,advise,suggest,propose,recommend,要求,ask,require,demand,desire,request,其相应的名,词,词形式后的,主,主语从句表,语,语从句同位,语,语从句以及,表,表达重要必,要,要（,important,necessary,essential,urgent,compulsory),急切（,anxious,eager),迫切（,imperative),可笑（,ridiculous,funny),可惜（,pitiful,）,的词后置的,主,主语从句均,用,用（,should,）,+,动词原形,Itsessentialthatthe program (should)be loadedintocomputer.,should,一般不省,意,意,为,为 “竟然,；,；居然”表,示,示说话人的,“,“惊异、懊,恼,恼、失望”,的,的情感以及,可,可喜、可悲,、,、可惊可疑,强,强烈感情变,化,化。常用结构,Itsamazing,（,odd,古怪的,;strange;surprising;annoying;upseting;embarrassing;incredible;disappointing,；,a pity;a shame,等。,Itsincrediblethatsheshould have kept thesecret from him allthrough theirlifetime.,I regret that you shouldconsider it a burdento doit.,9.Itis such ajockthatyou_ last night,and never said awordaboutit till now.,A.could have goneB.should have gone,C. mighthavegoneD.wouldhavegone,If only,和,wouldthat,后用虚拟语,气,气“要是,.,就好了”,谓语动词,用,用一般过去,时,时表示现在,没,没有实现的,愿,愿望；,用过去完,成,成时表示过,去,去没有实现,的,的愿望, IfonlyI hadseenherbefore shedied.,If only (wouldthat,）,）I could fly.,Wouldrather;would sooner;hadbetter ;would as soon;just as,后的句子,虚,虚拟,一般过去,式,式表示现,在,在或将来,的,的愿望；,过,过去完成,时,时表示一,个,个过去的,愿,愿望,I wouldratheryouhadn,t donethat.,I wouldrathernothavedone that.,I wouldratheryoudidn,t leavetoday or tomorrow.,= Iwould rathernotleave todayor tomorrow.,Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,，,you_allright.A.areB. wereC.would beD. wouldhavebeen,15.It ishigh time the child_to the hospital.A. is sentB. wouldbesentC. mustbe sentD.were sent,_Iyou,I wouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD. Wereif it_tomorrow, Iwouldntattendtheparty.A. rainB.rainsC. had rainedD. wereto rain,4. Jackcant have arrived yet,otherwise he_ me.,A. wouldphonedB.phoned,C. wouldhave phonedD.hadphoned,3. She was verybusy, otherwiseshe_themeeting.,hadcomeB. wouldcome,C. wouldhave comeD. came,As if (as though),引导的方,式,式状语从,句,句或表语,从,从句有时,用,用虚拟语,气,气,从句表,示,示与现在,事,事实相反,，,，谓语动,词,词用一般,过,过去式,表示与,过,过去事实,相,相反用,had+,过去分词,表示将,来,来的可能,性,性不大用,would,（,could,might,）,+,动词原形,注意真实,非,非真实,Iookatthedarkclouds!Itlooks asifIts,going torain.,It looksasif it mightrain.(,似乎有点,要,要下雨的,样,样子）,He walksasif he is(were) drunk.,as if,前主句省,略,略,As if hehadseen aghost(,鬼）,.,动词,wish,后的宾语,从,从句用虚,拟,拟语气,与现在,事,事实相反,用,用,were,或动词的,过,过去式,与过去,事,事实相反用,had+,过去分词,或,或,would(could)+have done,表示将来,没,没有把握,或,或不太可,能,能实现的,愿,愿望，用,would(could,might)+,动词原形,（,（别无选,择,择用,should),Itshigh time they_thisroad.,A. mend,B. mended,C. musthavemended,D. willmend,If onlyI _ driving before.,A. had learnedB.learned,C. learnD.would learn,3. It ishard for metoimaginewhatI wouldbedoing todayif I_ inlove, at the age ofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibrary inmyhometown.(02,上海,),A. wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallen,C. should fallD. were to fall,2.Ifonly,引导的感,叹,叹句,“,要是,该有多,好,好啊,”,If onlyI _(ask) the questionnow,If onlyI _(see) the film yesterday!,asked,hadseen,PracticeMakesPerfect,1. I_(help)youwithyour work if I_ (be) freenow,butImtoobusy.,2. If we_ (leave) twentyminutesearlieryesterday,we _(catch)thefirst train.,3. If she _ (come)here tomorrow,she_(tell)me that.Weknowshewill fly toBeijingtomorrow.,4. If I_ (see)himtomorrow, Iwillgive ittohim.,用括号里,的,的动词的,正,正确形式,填,填空,would help,were,hadleft,would have caught,came/were tocome/shouldcome,might tell,see,5. Iwish I_ (see)younow.,6. Iwish I_ (have)a roomof my own when Iwasa boy.,7. I suggested that he _ (go) there at once.,8. Heinsisted he_(send)to the city.,9. Hisexpressionsuggested that he_(pass) thetest.,10. She insisted that she _ (not take) it.,had had,(should) go,(should) besent,had passed,hadnttaken,saw,11. The ideathatwe _ (go) toBeijing byair came true.,12. Itis necessary thatthey_ (finish)theirwork next Monday.,13. Itis important thatthey_ (do)it inanother way.,14. Itis time that I _(go)to bed.,15. IfonlyI _(take) hisadvicebefore.,(should) go,shouldfinish,shoulddo,went,had taken,16. IfonlyI _(be)a bird.,17. Ifit _ (be) notfor the rain, thecropsshould (would) die.,18. Helooksas ifhe _ (be) anartist.,19. She speaks English so fluently as if she _(study) English in England.,20. Id rather she_ (not visit) him yesterday,were,were,were,had studied,hadntvisited,3.I advisedthat you _the job assoon as possible .,A finishedB finishing,C to finishD finish,4. Theworkers inthe factorydemanded that their pay_ beraised.,A shouldB would,C mustD could,1. Shesaysshedratherhe _tomorrow insteadof today.,A. hadB. shouldleave,C. leavesD. left,2. Its already 5oclock now.Dontyou think its about time_?,A. weare going home,B. ifshe leavesC. we went home,D. ifshe had left,3,、,Robertwishes thathe _business insteadof history when hewas in university.,A. studiesB. studied,C. hasstudiedD. hadstudied,4,、,Mr. Lirequired the computer equipment referred_ used in every classroom.,A. should beB.haveto be,C. tobeD. to being,1.Theteacher agreed tothe suggestion that thestudents _two weeks toprepare forthe exam.,A.,give,B.,shouldgive,C.,be given,D.,wouldbe given,2.WangLing,one of my friends, is very good atEnglish. HespeaksEnglish asif he_ anEnglishman.,A.,were,B.,wouldbe,C.,have been,D.,had been,9.He was very busyyesterday,otherwise he_to themeeting.,A. would comeB. came,C. would have comeD.had come,10. Withoutelectricity,humanlife_quitedifferent today.,A. isB. willbe,C. would have beenD.wouldbe,6. Ifonly I_to myparents advice!A. listeningB. listen,C. amlisteningD. had listened,7. -Why didnt you come to the party yesterday?-I would,but an unexpectedvisitor _to see me.A.cameB.wouldcome,C. hadcomeD.was coming8. Id rather you_me thenews.A.not tellB.not to tell,C. didnt tellD. hadn,t told,Practice,Complete thefollowing passagewiththe verbs inbrackets,using the Subjunctive Mood,.,Jim has just had anoperationon his leg. Hewas told he would have tostayin bed for atleastthree months.Now he regretswhathe did: The accidentwould nothavehappenedif hehadnot been so foolish.He,(,not wake up) solatethatmorning if he_(notstayup) late the night beforeplaying computer games.,wouldnt have wokenup,hadnt stayed up,Jimsmother agreed:,”,”If my son_(getup)halfan hour earlier, he_ (not ride)his bike so crazily.,”,”Jims mother blamedJimin front of thedoctor,”If he_(follow) advice and gone tobedearlier ,he _(spend) more time on hiswayto schooland he _(not hit)a tree bythestreet.”,had got up,wouldnt have ridden,had,followed,couldhavespent,would,t have hit,“,Yes,indeed, Mum”answeredJimin alow voice.,“,“ But youknowif I_(not notice) thelittle girl crossing thestreet all ofa sudden,I_(knock) herdown. Myleg_ (not injure),andinstead of methe girl _(take)tohospital.,hadnt noticed,wouldhaveknocked,would,havebeeninjured,wouldhavebeentaken,Lyingin bed, Jim kept onsaying “How IwishI_ (be) more careful,Mum!,”,” Itwas true that if this accidenthadnot happened, Jim _(find)himself sittingin the classroom enjoying hisclass.Andit _(be)possible even for him towin the 400-meter race inthesports competition if he_(join)themthenextweek.,had been,wouldfound,wouldbe,couldjoin,1. When apencil ispartly ina glass ofwater, it,looksas if it_.,A. breaksB.hasbroken,C. were brokenD.hadbeenbroken,2. The clouds are gettingdarker and darker.It looks as ifit _rain.,A. isgoing toB. will,C. was going toD.would,Choose thebestanswer:,It isstrange thatthe littleboy_speak twoforeign languages.,A. couldb. can C.should D. would,2. Hegaveorders that the experiment _ before5:30pm.,A. befinishedB.will finishC. must be finished,3.He_youmorehelp,eventhough hewas very busy.,A, might have givenB. might giveC.mayhavegiven,4.Withoutthe leadershipof the Party,there _noNewChina.,A.would beB.has been C. should be D.was,C,A,A,A,5. Heis talking somuchaboutAmerica as ifhe,_there.,had beenB. hasbeen,C. wasD. hasgone,6. The young man insistedthathe _nothing,wrongand_free.,A. did; setB. had done; shouldbe set,C. shoulddo; be setD.had done;mustbe set,7. Had youlistenedto the doctor,you _all,rightnow.,areB. wereC.would be,D. would have been,8. You _ come earlier. Thebuslefta moment,ago.,A. wouldB. should haveC. mayD.have,B,B,c,A,wishyou success,